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Chem > Organics Test > Flashcards

Organics Test Flashcards

1
Q

Alkanes

A

-ane. -c-c-

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2
Q

Alkene

A

Ene -c=c-

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3
Q

Alkynes

A

Yne -c=_c-

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4
Q

Haloalkanes

A

O c-br

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5
Q

Alcohol

A

Ankl -c-oh

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6
Q

Carboxylic acid

A

Anoic acid -cooh

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7
Q

Amine

A

Amine -c-NH2

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8
Q

Acyl chloride

A

Oyl chloride-cocl

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9
Q

Ester

A

-yl-anoate -coo

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10
Q

Amide

A

Amide -coNH2

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11
Q

Aldehyde

A

Anal -coh

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12
Q

Ketone

A

One -c-o

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13
Q

How do you get an optical isomer

A

When 4 diff groups attach to a carbon

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14
Q

How to differentiate between optical isomers

A

Same physical and chemical properties, except they rotate a plane of polarised light differently ( equal and opp directions)

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15
Q

Addition

A

Hydration (h20)- alcohol
Hydrogenation (h2/pt) -alkane
Halogenation (Br2/cl2)- haloalkane

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16
Q

Elimination

A

Alcohol-alkene
Haloalkane- alkene (HCI/HBR)

17
Q

Oxidation

A

1 alc- aldehyde-carboxylic acid (H+ Cr2O7-2)

Aldehyde- carboxylic acid

18
Q

Reduction

A

Aldehyde- 1 alc (NaBH4)
Ketone- 2 alc

19
Q

Substitution acyl Chloride (all hydrolysis)

A
  • carboxylic acid (h20)
  • ester (alc)
    -1 amide (NH3 alc)
    -2 amide (amine)
20
Q

Ester

A
  • amide + alc (NH3/alc)
  • carboxylic acid + alc (h+/ h20) - acid hydrolysis
  • carboxy acid salt (naoh) base hydrolysis’
21
Q

Amide

A
  • carboxylic acid (HCI) acid hydro
  • acid salt (Noah) base
22
Q

Carboxylic acid

A
  • ester ( alc H2SO4) esterfication
  • acyl chloride (socl2)
23
Q

Explain hydrolysis àmino acids

A

Water is used to break the peptide bond into amino acids. Acid hydrolysis uses a dilute acid such as sulphuric acid and base hydrolysis uses a weak base like NaOH. Both require heat under reflux. in acidic conditions the nh2 group is protonated and in basic conditions. The COOH group is deprotonated.

24
Q

Distillation

A

Separating/purifying products from reactants using different boiling points

25
Q

Reflux

A

Speeds up/causes an organic reaction to occur without losing volatile compounds

26
Q

Alkene- diol

A

Oxidation, H+/MN04

27
Q

Alc to haloalkane

A

Socl2 substitution

28
Q

Alc to ester

A

Rooh/H+

29
Q

Haloalkane to alc

A

Dilute OH- substitution

Chem (6 decks)

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