Organization of Isocortex

Question 1

Characteristic of cell layers in primary sensory areas

Answer 1

Dense small cells in #4

Question 2

Characteristic of cell layers in primary motor

Answer 2

Betz cells in #5

Question 3

Relay nuclei in thalamus projects to

Answer 3

3b-4

Question 4

Intralaminar nuclei in thalamus project to

Answer 4

All but 4

Question 5

5 traits of stellate cells

Answer 5

1. Spiny
2. Star shaped w round soma
3. Found in layer 4
4. Arborize in multiple directions close to soma
5. Axon stay in cortex, projecting to 2-3

Question 6

Betz cells are?

Answer 6

Large pyramidal cells

Question 7

Pyramidal cell that project laterally go…

Answer 7

to brother region

Question 8

Pyramidal cells usually project to

Answer 8

1 layer

Question 9

4 subcortical regions that pyramidal cells project to

Answer 9

Basal ganglia
thalamus
brainstem
spinal cord

Question 10

Corticocortical pyramidal cells are found in layers

Answer 10

2, 3, 5

Question 11

Caliosal pyramidal cells are found in layers

Answer 11

3, 5

Question 12

Cortistriatal pyramidal cells are found in layer

Answer 12

5

Question 13

Cortifugal pyramidal cells are found in layer

Answer 13

5

Question 14

Corticothalamic pyramidal cells are found in layers

Answer 14

5, 6

Question 15

Corticofugal inclues 4 destinations

Answer 15

Tectum
Pons
Medulla
Spinal Cord

Question 16

Intrinsic pyramidal vertical axon collaterals do what

Answer 16

arborize in the same area as it’s dendrites

Question 17

Intrinsic pyramidal horizontal projections do what

Answer 17

Stay in same layer
Can travel up to 10mm
Bring the layer together in patchy connections

Question 18

What is the major source of input to the LGN

Answer 18

V1 responding about visual info

Question 19

Non-spiny neurons are always

Answer 19

inhibitory

Question 20

4 types of non-spiny cells

Answer 20

1. Basket cells
2. Chandelier cells
3. Neurogliaform cells
4. Double bouquet cells

Question 21

Only cells in layer 1 are

Answer 21

non-spiny cells

Question 22

Basket cells terminate on

Answer 22

Cell bodies and proximal dendrites

Question 23

Chandelier cells terminate on

Answer 23

Axon hillock of pyramidal cells

Question 24

Neurogliaform cells terminate on

Answer 24

Distal dendrites of pyramidal cells

Question 25

Double bouquet cells terminate on

Answer 25

distal dendrites of other non-spiny cells

Question 26

Calcium binding protein of chandelier cells

Answer 26

Parvalbumin

Question 27

Calcium binding protein of Double bouquet cells

Answer 27

Calbindin

Question 28

Calcium binding protein of neurogliaform cells

Answer 28

Calbindin

Question 29

Calcium binding protein of double bouquet cells that mostly project to other non-spiny cells

Answer 29

Calretin

Question 30

Neurogliaform dendrites arborize

Answer 30

close to soma

Question 31

Double bouquet cell dendrites arborize

Answer 31

up and down

Question 32

The most powerful non-spiny cell is...

Answer 32

Chandelier cells | 10 axon terminals packed close together synapsing on axon hillock

Question 33

2 ways to subdivide non-spiny cells

Answer 33

Neuropeptides contained | CBPs

Question 34

Basal nucleus of Meynert projects to? with? disfunction found in?

Answer 34

throughout cortex Ach Alzheimer's

Question 35

Medial septum and diagonal band of Broca projects to? with? disfunction found in?

Answer 35

hippocampus Ach Alzheimer's

Question 36

Substantia nigra projects to? with? disfunction found in?

Answer 36

Striatum Dopamine Parkinson's

Question 37

VTA projects to (3)? with? Disfunction found in?

Answer 37

NA, hippocampus, cortex Dopamine Schizophrenia

Question 38

Locus coeruleus projects to? with? Disfunction found in?

Answer 38

Most of brain Norepinephrine Panic disorder

Question 39

Raphe nuclei projects to? with? Disfunction found in?

Answer 39

Throughout brain 5HT Depression

Question 40

Cortical feed forward to layers

Answer 40

3, 4

Question 41

Cortical feedback to layers

Answer 41

All but 4

Question 42

Corcticolateral input found in layers

Answer 42

All

Question 43

Location of spiny stellate cells and project to layers?

Answer 43

4 | to 2, 3

Question 44

Location of pyramidal cells and project to layers

Answer 44

mainly 2, 3, 5, 6 | to any layer where it arborizes