ORPTH ADONS DSE PRDNTM Flashcards
1
Q
- All except _____ are deposits found on tooth surfaces.
(a) Acquired pellicle (b) Calculus
(c) Plaque (d) Nasmyth’s membrane
A
- (d) Nasmyth’s membrane or primary enamel cuticle is a basal
lamina like material secreted by postfunctional ameloblasts.
2
Q
- Acquired pellicle is primarily composed of
(a) Glycoproteins (b) Glycosaminoglycans
(c) Collagen (d) Heparan sulfate
A
- (a) Acquired pellicle is seen on teeth which have not been
cleansed for more than 24 hours. It is essentially a precipitate
of salivary glycoproteins
3
Q
- Odontolithiasis is better known as
(a) Plaque (b) Calculus
(c) Salivary calculi (d) Caries
A
- (b) Calculus or tartar is deposited as a soft greasy material
which gradually hardens by deposition of mineral salts in
the organic interstitial spaces, varying in color from yellow
to dark brown or black.
4
Q
- Which amongst the following correctly depicts the stages in
formation of calculus?
(a) Pellicle → Bacterial colonization → Plaque formation and
mineralization.
(b) Pellicle → Bacterial colonization → Degradation of
carbohydrates.
(c) Bacterial colonization → Degradation of carbohydrates →
Enamel dissolution
(d) Pellicle → Plaque maturation → Bacterial colonization →
Calculus
A
- (a) Dental plaque is initially deposited as a pellicle on the
uncleansed tooth surfaces over which there is bacterial
colonization. The initial bacterial flora undergoes a change
over time, which is referred to as plaque maturation, which
is then followed by mineralization
5
Q
- Maximum accumulation of calculus can be seen in which of the
following regions?
(a) Palatal surfaces of maxillary anterior teeth
(b) Palatal surfaces of maxillary posterior teeth
(c) Buccal surfaces of maxillary posterior teeth
(d) Buccal surfaces of mandibular anterior teeth
A
- (c) Calculus always accumulates most on the surfaces of teeth
opposing the orifices of major salivary gland ducts. Buccal
surface of maxillary posterior teeth are facing the openings
of Stensen’s duct and thus they will show maximum calculus
deposition amongst the given options.
6
Q
- The chief inorganic component in calculus is
(a) Calcium carbonate (b) Hydroxyapatite
(c) Calcium phosphate (d) Calcium sulfate
A
- (c) Calculus is composed of approximately 75 percent calcium
phosphate, 15–25 percent organic material and water and
the rest calcium carbonate and magnesium phosphate.
7
Q
- The hardness of calculus is almost like that of
(a) Cementum (b) Enamel
(c) Bone (d) Dentin
A
- (a) Since calculus consists of calcium phosphate arranged in a
hydroxyapatite crystal lattice structure and is similar to other
hard tissues like cementum, dentin, bone and enamel, it must
be removed with great care, otherwise the associated tissues,
especially cementum may be damaged.
8
Q
- Which types of bacteria predominate in the organic matrix of
calculus?
(a) Gram-negative cocci (b) Gram-positive filamentous
(c) Gram-positive bacilli (d) Gram-negative bacilli
A
- (b) Current evidence indicates that early plaque is composed
of Gram-positive cocci and as the plaque ages, fusobacteria
and filamentous organisms predominate.
9
Q
- All except _________ are principal causes of halitosis.
(a) Unclean prostheses (b) Taurodontism
(c) Sweet odor of diabetes (d) Respiratory tract infection
A
- (b) Halitosis or oral malodor is one of the most common reasons
for which a person seeks dental aid. It may be transient or
persistent. The most common causes for persistent halitosis
are food retention in or on the teeth, unclean prostheses,
dental caries, chronic periodontal disease and dry socket,
etc.
10
Q
- What is the causative factor of plasma cell gingivitis?
(a) Allergy to a component of chewing gum, dentifrices or food
component
(b) Allergy to antibiotics
(c) Infection by filamentous bacteria
(d) Infection by herpes zoster virus
A
- (a) This distinctive form of gingivitis manifests as mild marginal
gingival enlargement and later on may extend to involve the
attached gingiva also.
10
Q
- Which amongst the following drugs are capable of inducing
gingivitis either directly or systemically?
(a) Acyclovir (b) Dilantin
(c) Diclofenac (d) Ampicillin
A
- (b) Gingival enlargement can many times occur as a result of
use of anticonvulsants, immune suppressants and calcium
channel blockers.
11
Q
- Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis is on the rise globally in
association with
(a) Tuberculosis (b) Hepatitis B
(c) AIDS (d) Diabete
A
- (c) HIV positive persons suffer from a severe form of ANUG as
their immune function deteriorates and this progresses to
HIV associated periodontitis.
11
Q
- During the course of gingivitis if bony changes become evident
on a radiograph, the condition is then referred to as
(a) Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis
(b) Periodontitis
(c) Plasma cell gingivitis
(d) Desquamative gingivitis
A
- (b) Periodontitis is defined as inflammatory disease of
supporting structures of teeth, caused by specific microorganisms
resulting in progressive destruction of periodontal
ligaments and alveolar bone with pocket formation and/
or gingival recession. Thus it encompasses
a spectrum of
manifestations of which gingivitis is the forerunner, followed
by periodontitis.
12
Q
- ANUG is now believed to be caused by a fusiform bacteria and
(a) Actinomyces israelii (b) Actinomyces naeslundii
(c) Treponema pallidum (d) Borrelia vincentii
A
- (d) ANUG is an endogenous, polymicrobial infection with
principal agents being a fusiform bacillus and Borrelia
13
Q
- Which is considered to be one of the most important predisposing
factors in the causation of ANUG?
(a) Allergy to drugs
(b) Decreased resistance to infections
(c) Hormonal changes
(d) Malnutrition
A
- (b) Amongst other predisposing factors like stress,
immunosuppression, smoking, upper respiratory tract
infection, local trauma and poor oral hygiene, decreased
resistance to infections is considered to be the most
significant.
