Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

RLBL sample > ORPTH ADONS SPRD of Orl Infx > Flashcards

ORPTH ADONS SPRD of Orl Infx Flashcards

1
Q
  1. Phlegmon is also known as
    (a) Osteomyelitis (b) Cellulitis
    (c) Diabetes (d) Abscess
A

(b) Cellulitis refers to a diffuse inflammation of soft tissues
which is not localized or confined to one area, but which
in contrast with an abscess spreads through tissue spaces
and along fascial planes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q
  1. Infections arising in maxilla perforate the outer cortical plate of
    bone above _______ muscle.
    (a) Buccinator (b) Orbicularis oris
    (c) Masseter (d) Lateral pterygoid
A

(a) Infections arising in maxilla perforate the outer cortical plate
of bone above the attachment of buccinator muscle and
produce swelling initially of the upper half of face. Later,
however, the diffuse spread involves the entire face

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q
  1. Cellulitis spreads as a result of infection by microorganisms that
    liberate streptokinase, fibrinolysins and _______.
    (a) Chondroitin sulfate (b) Heparan sulfate
    (c) Hyaluronic acid (d) Hyaluronidase
A

(d) Cellulitis spreads due to infection by microorganisms that
liberate streptokinase (enzyme that activates plasminogen
to form plasmin), hyaluronidase (enzyme that breaks down
hyaluronic acid, i.e. an intercellular cementing substance)
and fibrinolysins (enzyme that breaks down fibrin).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q
  1. Tissue spaces are potential spaces located between
    (a) Tendons (b) Muscles
    (c) Fascia (d) Ligaments
A

(c) Tissue spaces are potential spaces located between the
planes of fascia that form natural pathways along which
the infection may spread producing cellulitis or become
localized resulting in formation of an abscess

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q
  1. Pterygomandibular space infection arises as a result of extension
    of infection in ________ region.
    (a) Mandibular 3rd molar (b) Mandibular 2nd molar
    (c) Mandibular canine (d) Maxillary tuberosity
A

(a) Infections of the pterygomandibular space usually arise
through extension from a pericoronitis of a mandibular third molar and can also occur in case of injection of local
anesthetic solution into this space.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q
  1. Buccal space is bounded posteriorly by ______ muscle.
    (a) Zygomaticus major
    (b) Zygomaticus minor
    (c) Anterior edge of masseter
    (d) Lateral pterygoid
A

(c) Buccal space is bounded medially by buccinator muscle and
its covering fascia, laterally by skin and subcutaneous tissue,
anteriorly by posterior border of zygomaticus major muscle
and posteriorly by the anterior edge of masseter muscle.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q
  1. Inferior portion of _______ space is called as pterygomandibular
    space.
    (a) Buccal (b) Temporal
    (c) Infratemporal (d) Masseteric
A

(c) Inferior portion of the infratemporal space is considered as
the pterygomandibular space and lies between the lateral
pterygoid muscle and ramus of mandible.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q
  1. The pterygomandibular space abscess must be distinguished
    from the _______ space.
    (a) Peritonsillar (b) Infratemporal
    (c) Retropharyngeal (d) Submasseteric
A

(c) Pterygomandibular space abscess can be distinguished from
the peritonsillar abscess by the fact that there is no dental
involvement and less of trismus in peritonsillar abscess.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q
  1. Lateral pharyngeal space infections have the potential to spread
    upward through ________ and cause cavernous sinus thrombosis,
    meningitis and brain abscess.
    (a) Various foramina at base of skull
    (b) External carotid artery
    (c) Internal carotid artery
    (d) Submandibular space
A

(a) Source of infection of lateral pharyngeal space is usually a
third molar or sometimes a second molar particularly by
the way of submandibular space. Infections is this space
have the potential to spread upward through foramina at
base of skull, posteriorly into retropharyngeal
space or by
direct extension into the mediastinum.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q
  1. Mediastinitis results from downward extension of ______ space
    infection.
    (a) Retropharyngeal (b) Lateral pharyngeal
    (c) Infratemporal (d) Pterygomandibular
A

(a) Downward extension of retropharyngeal infection can result
in mediastinitis. Additionally, it may also cause thrombosis
of internal jugular vein and erosion of internal carotid artery
resulting in fatal hemorrhage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q
  1. Infection in the parotid space reaches as a backward extension
    along the parotid duct or from ______ space.
    (a) Retropharyngeal (b) Buccal
    (c) Infratemporal (d) Lateral pharyngeal
A

(d) Infection in the parotid space reaches the parotid gland in
a retrograde direction along the parotid duct or also as an
extension from the lateral pharyngeal space. Infection can
also spread to the temporal space.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q
  1. The lateral pharyngeal space is bounded laterally by
    (a) Carotid sheath (b) External carotid artery
    (c) Internal carotid artery (d) External jugular vein
A

(a) Lateral pharyngeal space is bounded anteriorly by
buccopharyngeal aponeurosis parotid gland and pterygoid
muscles, posteriorly by prevertebral fascia, medially by the
lateral wall of pharynx and laterally by the carotid sheath

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q
  1. ______ forms the posterior boundary of the submasseteric
    space.
    (a) Parotid gland
    (b) Submandibular salivary gland
    (c) Sublingual salivary gland
    (d) Anterior ramus
A

(a) Submasseteric space is located between the masseter
muscle and lateral surface of ramus of mandible. This space
is bounded anteriorly by retromolar fossa and posteriorly
by the parotid gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q
  1. Infection of submasseteric space usually arises from
    (a) Mandibular 1st molar (b) Mandibular 3rd molar
    (c) Parotid space (d) Buccal space
A

(b) The infection of submasseteric space usually arises from
the mandibular third molar, passing through the retromolar
fossa into this space. There is severe trismus, pain and facial
swelling.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q
  1. The submaxillary or submandibular space is bounded laterally
    by
    (a) Carotid fascia (b) Skin and superficial fascia
    (c) Mylohyoid muscle (d) Omohyoid
A

(b) The submandibular space is located medial to mandible
and below the posterior portion of mylohyoid muscle and
encloses the submandibular salivary gland and lymph
nodes. It is bounded medially by hyoglossus and digastric
muscles and laterally by skin and superficial fascia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q
  1. This space is one of the most commonly involved of all facial
    spaces
    (a) Submental (b) Sublingual
    (c) Submandibular (d) Buccal
A

(c) It is one of the most common of the facial and cervical tissue
space infections and usually originate from mandibular
molars, producing a swelling near the angle of jaw.

16
Q
  1. Infection in sublingual space may arise as an extension from
    ______ space.
    (a) Submandibular (b) Submental
    (c) Buccal (d) Submasseteric
A

(a) Infection of sublingual space may arise directly by perforating
the buccal cortical plate above the mylohyoid muscle
attachment or as an extension from the submandibular
space.

17
Q
  1. Submental space extends from the anterior border of
    submandibular space to
    (a) Midline (b) Sublingual space
    (c) Mandibular incisors (d) Symphysis menti
A

(a) The submental space extends from the anterior border of
submandibular space to the midline and is limited in depth
by the mylohyoid muscle

18
Q
  1. Ludwig’s angina is a severe form of
    (a) Cellulitis (b) Osteomyelitis
    (c) Abscess (d) Cardiac disease
A

(a) Ludwig’s angina is an acute cellulitis beginning usually in
the submandibular space and secondarily involving the
submental and sublingual spaces as well

19
Q
  1. Ludwig’s angina is diagnosed as such only when submandibular,
    submental and ______ spaces are involved together.
    (a) Buccal (b) Lateral pharyngeal
    (c) Submasseteric (d) Sublingual
A

(d) The disease is not diagnosed as such until all the submandibular
spaces are involved. The source of infection
is usually an infected mandibular molar which may be
either periapical or periodontal infection. It may also result
from submandibular gland sialadenitis, oral soft tissue
lacerations, penetrating injury of floor of mouth of from
osteomyelitis in compound jaw fractures

20
Q
  1. The swelling in case of Ludwig’s angina, usually occurs in
    (a) Tongue (b) Floor of mouth
    (c) Maxillary tuberosity (d) Lar
A

(b) Patients with Ludwig’s angina usually present with rapidly
developing board-like swelling of floor of mouth and
consequent elevation of tongue which can lead to dysphagia
as well as dyspnea

21
Q
  1. Dental infections are carried to the cavernous sinus by means of
    (a) Pterygopalatine vessels (b) Pterygoid plexus of veins
    (c) External carotid artery (d) Internal carotid artery
A

(b) Cavernous sinuses are bilateral venous channels for the
content of middle cranial fossa. Areas drained by them
include orbit, paranasal sinuses, anterior mouth and
midfacial region. While facial and lip infections are carried
by facial and angular veins, the dental infections are carried
by way of pterygoid plexus of veins

22
Q
  1. Which one of the following situations can be a source of focal
    infection in oral cavity?
    (a) Periapical granuloma (b) Periapical abscess
    (c) Periodontal disease (d) Odontogenic keratocyst
A

(d) While periapical granuloma, abscess and periodontal
disease are generally microbial in origin the odontogenic
keratocyst is a developmental odontogenic cyst, and not
caused by an infection

23
Q
  1. The occurrence of odontogenic maxillary sinusitis is dependent
    to a great extent on the relation and proximity of ______ to the
    maxillary sinus.
    (a) Canine, first and second premolars
    (b) Canine and first premolar
    (c) Second and third molars
    (d) Second premolar, first and second molar
A

(d) The roots of second premolar, first molar and second molar
are located in close proximity to the inferior border of
maxillary sinus and hence are prime sources of odontogenic
infections to maxillary sinus.

24
Q
  1. Which amongst the following is not an intracranial complication
    of dental infections?
    (a) Cavernous sinus thrombosis
    (b) Brain abscess
    (c) Maxillary sinusitis
    (d) Leptomeningitis
A

(c) Maxillary sinusitis is caused by direct spread of dental
infections to it and is referred to as odontogenic maxillary sinusitis. Sinusitis may also be caused by foreign bodies,
tumors, and granulomatous lesions of nasomaxillary
complex.

25
Q
  1. The primary microorganism in the etiology of Ludwig’s angina
    is
    (a) Streptococci
    (b) Staphylococci
    (c) Actinomyces
    (d) None of above, it is a mixed infection
A

(d) Although many organisms have been isolated from patients
suffering from Ludwig’s angina, some being invariably
present, yet it is considered primarily a nonspecific mixed
infection.

26
Q
  1. One of the characteristic clinical presentations of cavernous sinus
    thrombosis is
    (a) Exophthalmos with edema of eyelids and chemosis
    (b) Nyctalopia
    (c) Proptosis
    (d) Asphyxiation
A

(a) Along with exophthalmus and chemosis, patients also show
paralysis of external ocular muscles, along with impairment
of vision and sometimes photophobia and lacrimation

27
Q
  1. Antrolith can be detected in
    (a) Odontogenic maxillary sinusitis
    (b) Chronic maxillary sinusitis
    (c) Acute maxillary sinusitis
    (d) Chronic sialadenitis
A

(b) Antrolith is a form of dystrophic calcification seen sometimes
in cases of chronic maxillary sinusitis which can be
detected radiographically

28
Q
  1. The sinus polyps of chronic maxillary sinusitis microscopically
    show
    (a) Hyperplastic stratified squamous epithelium
    (b) Hyperplastic pseudostratified squamous epithelium
    (c) Hyperplastic ciliated epithelium
    (d) Hyperplastic granulation tissue with lymphocytic infiltration
A

(d) The mucosa lining the maxillary sinus shows remarkable
thickening and development of numerous sinus polyps
which contain hyperplastic granulation along with
lymphocytic and plasma cell infiltration. This tissue is
usually covered with ciliated epithelium

29
Q
  1. Oral foci of infection can be aggravated by all of the following
    conditions.
    (a) Tuberculosis
    (b) Ischemic heart disease
    (c) Subacute bacterial endocarditis
    (d) Diabetes
A

(c) Subacute bacterial endocarditis can be aggravated by dental
extraction procedures due to transient bacteremia following
tooth extraction and also due to close similarity between the
microorganisms causing endocarditis and dental infections

RLBL sample (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions