Ortho Comp

Question 1

risks of ortho

Answer 1

decal
gingival recession
root resorption
relapse

Question 2

how long ortho on for

Answer 2

18-24 months

Question 3

how to prevent decal

Answer 3

good oh
f-
good diet

Question 4

LAT CEPH figures

Answer 4

ANB: 2-4 degrees
LAFH: 55%

Question 5

How to assess vertical skeletal pattern

Answer 5

VERTICAL: FMPA: 
FP: porion to orbitale
MP: gonion to menton
ave: meet at occiput
low meet posteriorly
high meet anteriorly
LAFH: glabella- subnasale- menton

50-50 clinically
55% latceph

Question 6

LAT CEPH figures

Answer 6

ANB: 2-4 degrees
LAFH: 55%
Ui/Mxp = 109 degrees
Li/Mnp = 93 degrees

Question 7

average naso-labial angle

Answer 7

90-110 degrees

Question 8

what would count as poor porgnosis teeth

Answer 8

grossly carious
v heavily restored
significant trauma
significant hypoplasia

Question 9

mild mod severe crowding figures

Answer 9

mild: 2-4mm
mod: 4-8mm
severe: >8mm

space available/space required
or overlap technique

Question 10

class I incisor classification

Answer 10

lower incisor occlude to cingulum plateau of upper incisors

Question 11

class II div 1 incisor classification

Answer 11

lower incisor edges occlude posteriorly to cingulum plateau of upper incisors
+ upper incisors proclined or average
+ increased OJ

Question 12

class II div 2 incisor classification

Answer 12

lower incisor edges occlude posteriorly to cingulum plateau of upper incisors
+ upper incisors retroclined
+ reduced but also increased OJ

Question 13

class III incisor classification

Answer 13

lower incisor edges occlude anteriorly to cingulum plateau of upper incisors
+reduced or reversed OJ

Question 14

average overbite definiton

Answer 14

upper incisors overlap incisal third of crowns of lower incisors

Question 15

define Overjet

Answer 15

horizontal distance between labial surface of the tips of the upper incisors and the surface of the lower incisors

Question 16

class I molar / canine relationship - angles classification

Answer 16

mesiobuccal cusp of the upper first molar occludes with the mesiobuccal groove of the lower first molar

upper canine occludes in embrasure between lower canine and lower first molar

class II : upper moves forward
class III : upper moves backwards

Question 17

grading of IOTN

Answer 17

1&2: little or no need for tx
3: boderline
4&5: need tx

Question 18

mocdoo

Answer 18

M missing: congenital/ ectopic/ impacted
O overjet
C crossbite
D displacement of contact points
O overbite or AOB

Question 19

when using study models to assess IOTN assume…

Answer 19

lips incompetent
masticatory or speech problems
if crossbite displacement on closure of more than 2mm

Question 20

most common missing teeth in hypodontia

Answer 20

L5s and U2s

Question 21

tx goal- andrews six keys

Answer 21

class 1 molars
class 1 incisors
tight appoximal contacts
flat occlusal plane/ slight curve of spee
long axis of teeth has slight mesial inclination except lower incisors
crowns of canines back to molars have lingual inclination

Question 22

ortho tx options

Answer 22

1 accept
2 growth mod
3 ura
4 fixed appliance (camouflage)
5 orthognathic

Question 23

pros and cons fixed appliances

Answer 23

\:)
precise control over individual teeth
multiple tooth movement at once
reduced tongue space impingement 
cannot be moved by patients
\:( 
OH difficult
expensive

Question 24

pros and cons removable appliances

Answer 24

\:)
inexpensive
simple to adjust, less chairside time
palatal coverage increases anchorage
removable- easier to clean
\:(
compliance issue as removable
only tilting possible
bulky - speech impaired, increased saliva flow

Question 25

root resorption incidence

what increases risk of root resorption

Answer 25

100% incidence, happens to all patients undergoing ortho
about 1-2mm root resorption

intrusion, short blunt roots, previous trauma, pre-existing root resorption, nail biting

Question 26

features with high relapse potential

Answer 26

rotations
diastemas
aob
instanding u2s 
lower incisor crowding

Question 27

pros and cons removable retainers

Answer 27

\:) 
impoved oh as removable
patient control
\:(
loss
compliance

Question 28

pros and cons fixed retainers

Answer 28

\:)
no question of compliance
long life
\:( 
prone to calculus and plaque build up
can break unnoticed
need excellent OH
require long term maintenance

Question 29

difference in tx for adults and children

Answer 29

lack of growth
perio disease
missing / heavily restored teeth
physiological factors
adult motivation

Question 30

6 factors in fault competency

Answer 30

• describe FORM of ortho therapy, explain general usage
• inspect appliance, ensure components stable and not fractured, identify any FAULT or emergency
• demonstrate importance of ACCOUNTING for all components and decide appr. action
• describe options available to TREAT problem ensuring pt safety paramount and ideally without compromising current tx
• explain procedures and implements to treat problem
• ensure appropriate cases are REFERRED back to ortho

Question 31

systematic approach to cases

Answer 31

Ask how happened
Account for missing components
Deal with problem
Account for retention 
Refer to orthodontist y/n

Question 32

trauma with fixed appliance case

Answer 32

trauma stamp

wax on remainng brackets to avoid future trauma

Question 33

how to make arrowhead safe

Answer 33

squeeze close