Orthopaedics

Question 1

Types of Fracture (6)

Answer 1

Transverse
Oblique 
Spiral 
Comminuated 
Longitudinal/Linear 
Avulsion

Question 2

Which of displacement, angulation and rotation is most important in determining outcome?

Answer 2

Rotation

Question 3

Radiological Signs of Fracture (3)

Answer 3

Periosteal Reaction
Callus
Fat Pad Sign

Question 4

Types of NOF

Answer 4

Subcapital
Transcervical
Basicervical
Intertrochanteric

Question 5

Mainstay Management of Intracapsular Hip Fractures

Answer 5

Hemiarthroplasty

Can do THR in the fit and young

Question 6

What is a basicervical fracture?

Answer 6

= transition between intracapsular and intertrochanteric fractures
Treated as an extracapsular fracture

Question 7

Mainstay Management of Extracapsular Hip Fractures

Answer 7

Dynamic Hip Screw

Question 8

What is associated with the medial epicondyle of the humerus?

Answer 8

Ulnar nerve

Question 9

Classification of epiphyseal growth plate fractures

Answer 9

Salter Harris Classification

Question 10

Salter Harris Classification is used for…

Answer 10

Epiphyseal Growth Plate Fractures

Question 11

Testing sensory function in the hand

Answer 11

Little finger - ulnar
Index finger - median
Thumb webspace - radial

Question 12

Testing motor function in the hand

Answer 12

‘Starfish’ - ulnar
Finger extension - radial
‘OK’ - median

Question 13

What burns can cause compartment syndrome?

Answer 13

Full thickness circumferential burns

Question 14

When does talar shift occur?

Answer 14

Multiple ligamentous ruptures - unstable ankle

Includes rupture/damage of the deltoid ligament

Question 15

Classification of ankle #

Answer 15

Weber’s Classification

Question 16

Immediate management of ankle dislocation

Answer 16

Reduction of dislocation

Question 17

Management of femoral shaft fracture

Answer 17

Thomas’ Splint

Question 18

Traumatic Hip Dislocations

Answer 18

Often posterior and associated with femoral head #

Question 19

Risk factor for carpal tunnel syndrome AND osteomalacia

Answer 19

Chronic renal failure

Question 20

Presentation of Perthe’s Disease

Answer 20

Painless limp developing into hip pain which radiates to the knee
Worse with activity and may see Trendelenburg gait

Question 21

Trendelenburg Gait in Child

Answer 21

Perthe’s Disease

Question 22

Consequence of gross displacement of supracondylar elbow fracture

Answer 22

Median nerve injury

Question 23

Loss of knee jerk reflex, sudden onset unilateral leg pain

Answer 23

L3/L4 disc prolapse

Question 24

Non-contact injury with ‘pop’ and post-recovery jumping in the knee on twisting and turning

Answer 24

ACL rupture

Question 25

Best investigation to look at suspected bony metastases

Answer 25

Bone scan

Question 26

Investigation for examining neonatal hip

Answer 26

Ultrasound

Question 27

Osteomyelitis in Sickle Cell (Organism)

Answer 27

Salmonella

Question 28

Salter Harris Classification

Answer 28

S - straight Type I = straight through growth plate A - above Type II = above the growth plate L = lower Type III = below the growth plate T = through Type IV = through the growth plate E = erasure Type V = destruction or crush of the growth plate

Question 29

Intratrochanteric #

Answer 29

= extra capsular fracture

Question 30

Where in bones would you find osteosarcomas?

Answer 30

In the metaphysis

Question 31

Site of septic arthritis (kids)

Answer 31

``` Younger = hip Older = knee ```

Question 32

Loss of sensation in the anatomical snuffbox

Answer 32

Radial nerve

Question 33

Muscle weak in Carpal Tunnel

Answer 33

Abductor pollicis brevis | Supplied by the median nerve

Question 34

Bone displaced from the tarsus =

Answer 34

= Lisfranc fracture

Question 35

2nd Line Investigation of Perthe's Disease

Answer 35

MRI of the hip

Question 36

Wrist deformity seen in RA

Answer 36

Radial deviation of wrist