Orthosis Flashcards by Janna Marie Valencia

Refers to a device externally applied to the body to improve the fxn or to support body segment

Orthosis

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5 Main fxn of Orthosis

Protection
Correction
Assistance
Substitute
Attachment

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Position of FA

Mid position/Neutral

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Position of Wrist

Slight Extension

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Position of MCP

Flexion

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Position of Fingers

Extension

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Position of Thumb

Palmar abduction & Extension

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Resting position of Thumb (Magee)

30 deg flexion
Abduction

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Hand Prehensions (1st-3rd)

Precision Grip

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Hand Prehensions (4th-5th)

Power Grasp

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UE Orthosis that does not cross joints

Non-articular

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Indication of Non-articular

Fracture

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UE Orthosis that crosses the joint; immobilize

Static

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Indication of Static

Fracture
Ligamentous sprain

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Increases ROM and made of Thermoplastic

Serial Static

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UE Orthosis that permits wanted movement and blocks unwanted movement

Static Motion Blocking

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Increases ROM with a Merit component

Static Progressive

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(+ Elastic band, spring recoil, rubber

Dynamic

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Elastic + Permits movement + Resist movement

Dynamic Motion Blocking

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Post-operative flexor tendon surgery

Kleinert Post-op Splint

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Mechanism of Kleinert Post-op Splint

Allows passive finger flexion
Allows active finger extension

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Indication of Dynamic Traction

Intra articular fx

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Allows movement + Traction component

Dynamic traction

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Mechanism of RIC Tenodesis Splint

Active wrist extension
Passive finger flexion

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Orthosis for DQS

Thumb spica (forearm based)

Orthosis for Gamekeeper's thumb

Thumb spica (hand based)

Orthosis for Lateral Epicondylitis

Tennis elbow splint with cuff

Orthosis for Medial Epicondylitis

Golfer's elbow splint with cuff

Orthosis for Trigger finger

Finger flexor splint

Orthosis for Digital sprain

Finger extensor splint

Orthosis for Arthritis/Inflammation

Resting Hand Splint (wrist extension & RD)

Orthosis for Dupuytren's Contracture

MCP Extension Orthosis

Orthosis for Metacarpal & Phalangeal fx

Gutter splint

Orthosis for Elbow sprain

Neoprene elbow sleeve

Promotes SH abd (BURN)

Airplane splint

Orthosis for Brachial plexus injury

Shoulder splint

Orthosis for Median nerve Neuropathy

Web Spacer Cock-up splint Wrist ext splint Resting Hand splint

Orthosis for Radial Nerve Neuropathy

MCP ext assist Wrist ext assist

Orthosis for Papal benedict hand

Allow slight MCP flexion Permits MCP extension Blocks MCP hyperextension

Orthosis for Cubital tunnel syndrome

45 deg elbow flexion 0-5 wrist extension Thumb & fingers freely movable

Orthosis for Shoulder Subluxation

Sling Triangular Bandage Lap Board

Orthosis for Spasticity should promote

Elbow, wrist, MCP, finger extension

UE Positioning in Neurologic Orthosis

Wrist 10-30 extension MCP 35-45 extension PIP extension DIP relaxed

SCI Orthosis C1-C4

AFO (Arm Forearm Orthosis)

SCI Orthosis C1-C5

Long Opponens Splint

SCI Orthosis C1-C6

Resting Hand Splint (Slight wrist ext, MCP flex, IP ext)

SCI Orthosis C5

Balanced Forearm Orthosis

SCI Orthosis C6

Wrist driven; Finger flexor splint

SCI Orthosis C5-C7

Universal Cuff

SCI Orthosis C6-C7

Short Opponens Splint

SCI Orthosis C8-T1

Lumbrical Bar

Initial cervical orthosis prescription Physiological effect

Soft Collar

Additional support on occiput & mandible

Hard Collar

Philadelphia restricts

FEL Flexion, Extension, Lateral flexion

For Emergency; Full contact support

Jobst Vertebrace

Modified Philadelphia

Yale

Yale restricts

FE Flexion, Extension

SOMI restricts

FER Flexion, Extension, Rotation

Encloses the occipital area

Minerva

Minerva restricts

FELR with axial load Flexion, Extension, Lateral flexion, Rotation

Cuirass restricts

FELR with axial load Flexion, Extension, Lateral flexion, Rotation

Halo restricts

FELR with axial load Flexion, Extension, Lateral flexion, Rotation

Indication of Halo

Unstable fx

Contraindication of Halo

Stable fx

Four Poster restricts

FELR with axial load Flexion, Extension, Lateral flexion, Rotation

SI Belt

Stability for SIJ

SI Corset

Stability for SIJ + Symphysis Pubis

Lumbar Binder

LBP; good posture

MC Flexible Spinal orthosis

LS Corset

Chairback restricts

FE Flexion, Extension

Knight restricts

FEL Flexion, Extension, Lateral flexion

William restricts

EL Extension, Lateral flexion

Plastic LS Jacket restricts

FELR Flexion, Extension, Lateral flexion, Rotation

Taylor restricts

FE Flexion, Extension

Knight-Taylor restricts

FEL Flexion, Extension, Lateral flexion

Cowhorn restricts

FLR Flexion, Lateral flexion, Rotation

Jewett restricts

Flexion

Cruciform restricts

Flexion

Orthosis for patients with lumbar lordosis

William

Orthosis for patients with OA of the spine

Jewett

Orthosis for Scoliosis (Indication)

20-30 deg

Orthosis for Scoliosis (Cotraindication)

>40 deg

Gold standard Orthosis for Scoliosis

Milwaukee

Scoliosis Above T6

Milwaukee

Scoliosis Below T6

Miami

Scoliosis Below T8

Boston Wilmington Yamamoto

MC LE Orthosis

AFO (Ankle-Foot Orthosis)

Provides best control of AFO

Foot plate

MC Stirrup; durable

Solid

Less durable and heavier type of stirrup

Split

Posterior Stop (aka & indication)

AKA PF Stop Indication: PF Spasticity

Anterior Stop (aka & indication)

AKA DF Stop Indication: Weak PF, Quadriceps

Anterior/Posterior Spring

Anterior = PF Posterior DF

Bichannel Adjustable Ankle Lock

Limited Motion Stop

No restrictions provides mediolateral stability (ankle control)

Free motion

Lateral T straps

Restricts Inversion (Varus)

Medial T straps

Restricts Eversion (Valgus)

Maintains rigidity and alignment of AFO

Calf bands

upright for mediolateral stability and for patients with mild DF weakness

Double Upright

upright that allows DF contraindicated for PF spasticity

Klenzack Joint

MC prescribed AFO

Plastic design

MC prescribed for Foot drop

Posterior Leaf Spring

MC prescribed plastic AFO

Solid AFO

Solid AFO restricts

PF spasticity Genu Recurvatum

Spiral AFO origin & insertion

O: mediodistal leg I: medial epicondyle

Hemispiral origin & insertion

O: lateral distal leg I: medial epicondyle

Hemispiral AFO corrects

Pes Equinovarus

AFO with Medial Flange

Restricts Valgus

AFO with Lateral Flange

Restricts Varus

Indication for Plastic articulating AFO

Patients with no sensory deficit & no abnormal tone

Unilateral KAFO

Poliomyelitis

Bilateral KAFO

SCI

Knee Joints

Straight set (Single axis) Polycentric joint (Dual axis) Off-set joint

Allows knee flexion; prevents knee hyperextension

Straight set (Single axis)

Less stable; rotational component for athletes

Polycentric joint

Allows flexion and extension during swing phase Indicated for knee flexion contracture

Off set joint

Previously MC prescribed knee lock

Drop Ring Lock

Easiest simultaneous unlocking

Pawl/Bail/Swiss/French/Schweitzer

Locking mechanism of Pawl lock

Spring loaded

Goal of Dial lock

Gradual stretching (6 degree increments)

MC prescribed knee lock

Serrated/Fan/Ratchet

Goal of Serrated lock

Gradual stretching (12 degree increments)

Key design of Scott Craig Orthosis

10-15 deg DF

Indication of Scott Craig Orthosis

L1 or T10 level of higher SCI

Unilateral Pelvic Bands

Between iliac crest and greater trochanter

Bilateral Pelvic Bands

Anterior to midline of pelvis

Hip Locks

Pawl lock 2 position hip lock

Hip Joint (Orthosis Landmark)

Slightly above and anterior to greater trochanter

KAFO (Orthosis Landmark)

4cm below perineum

Knee Joint (Orthosis Landmark)

2cm above medial tibial plateau

Calf band (Orthosis Landmark)

Below fibular head

Ankle Joint (Orthosis Landmark)

Tip of Medial Malleolus

Position of Feet & Sole

Feet flat

Orthosis for PFPS

Chopat brace "Patellofemoral Knee Orthosis" Palumbo Orthosis

Swedish Knee Cage

Genu Recurvatum

3-way knee stabilizer

Mediolateral Stability

CARS-UBC Orthosis

Genu Varum/Valgum

Miami Knee Orthosis

Polycentric

Supracondylar KAFO

Genu Recurvatum

Axial Rotation Control Orthosis

Lenox Hill Derotation Orthosis Lerman Multi Ligamentous Knee Orthosis

WB Orthosis

PTB Orthosis Ischial ring/Quadrilateral Orthosis Patten Bottom

Prevent the relapse of deformity after Serial casting

Denis Browne Splint

Correction for Pes Equinovarus

Adduction Inversion Plantarflexion

Indication for A-Frame

In-Torsion Deformity

Indication for Torsion Shaft

Scissoring Gait In/Out Toeing

Orthosis for Congenital Hip Dysplasia

Von Rosen Ilfeld Pavlik Harness Frejka Pillow

Orthosis for LCPD

Petrie cash Scottish rite Toronto Trilateral

Indicated for GDD

Caster Cart

Criteria for using Caster Cart

Good UE strength & trunk balance

Standing Frame (age)

8-15 months old

Initial gait for standing frame

Swing through

Parapodium AKA

Swivel Orthosis

Parapodium (age)

2.5-5 y/o

Indication for RGO (Bilateral HKAFO)

T12 or L1 myelomenigocele

Shoe (Uppers)

Quarter Vamp Lace stay Tongue Toe spring Toe box Throat

Shoe (Sole)

Ball Shank Heel Breast Pitch

recommended for recurrent ankle sprain; covers both malleoli

High Quarter

most anterior aspect of the shoe

Vamp

Parts of Lace Stay

Eyelets - hole Aglets - tip of shoe lace

top bridge of toe shoe

Tongue

provides rocking effect; important for push off

Toe spring

protects toes from trauma

Toe box

Closed throat

Balmoral

Open throat; recommended for orthopedic shoes

Blucher

widest part of the shoe

Ball

narrowest part of the shoe

Shank

Types of Heel

Sping Oxford Military Cuban

Spring

1/8"

Oxford

6/8" - 8/8"

Military

10/8"

Cuban

12/8"

anterior part of the heel

Breast

Medial Counter (aka & indication)

Thomas Heel MLA weakness/pronated foot

Lateral Counter (aka)

Reverse Thomas heel

Types of Lasts

Straight Inflared Outflared

Inflared for:

Adducted foot (Varus)

Outflared for:

Abducted foot (Valgus)

Types of closures

Adjustable - shoe lace/ velcro Non adjustable - zipper

Internal modification for heel stress/pain

Heel cushion

External modification for heel stress/pain

SACH (Solid Ankle Cushion Heel)

Internal Modification for Metatarsalgia

Metatarsal pad U-shaped MTT pad Sesamoid pad Morton's Extension

External Modification for Metatarsalgia

Metatarsal bar

Modification for Toe pain (hammer toes)

Toe Crest

Modification for MLA Weakness

Scaphoid/Navicular/Cookie pad (Internal) Steel shank Thomas heel

Modification for Valgus-Varus Deformity

Heel & Sole Wedge Heel & Sole Flare

Metatarsal pad (Location)

2nd-4th MTT head

U-shaped MTT pad (Location)

3rd MTT head

Sesamoid pad (Location)

Proximal of 1st MTT head

Morton's Extension (Location)

Distal 1st MTT head

Metatarsal bar (Location)

1st-5th MT

Toe Crest (Location)

2nd-4th Toe

Medial Wedge mechanism

promote inversion corrects valgus

Lateral Wedge mechanism

promote eversion corrects varus

Medial Flare mechanism

resist eversion corrects valgus

Lateral Flare mechanism

resist inversion corrects varus

LLD <2.5 inches

Internal heel elevation

LLD >2.5 inches

External heel and sole elevation

LLD <1 inch

Heel elevation

LLD >1 inch

Heel and sole elevation

Adduction & Inversion

Varus

Abduction & Eversion

Valgus

Orthosis Flashcards

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