OSCE Flashcards
(50 cards)
What position should a patient be in for cardio exam?
45 degree angle
What do you check fingers for in cardio exam?
Peripheral cyanosis
Clubbing - ask to put fingers together
What would you check the mouth for in cardio exam?
Pallor
Central cyanosis
What do you check eyes for in cardio exam?
Conjunctival pallor
Lipid deposits
What does raise JVP in cardio exam indicate?
Right-sided heart failure
What do you look for on chest of patient during cardio exam?
Pacemaker
Scars
Check in axillary region too
How do you feel for an apex beat during cardio exam?
Start infero-lateral and move up and medically
Place hand where you would expect to find it
Use fingers of other hand to check it is in 5th intercostal space
How do you feel for right ventricular heave?
Place one hand in centre of chest
Heal of hand would be pushed up if positive
How do you feel for thrills during cardio exam?
At each valve location
Place hand horizontally
Start infero-lateral and move up
Mitral, tricuspid, pulmonary aortic
How do you auscultate the 4 valve sounds?
Place diaphragm of stethoscope at mitral valve location
Feel carotid pulse in neck at same time
This is to determine first heart sound
Work way up
How do you auscultate for carotid bruits?
Use diaphragm of stethoscope on each side of neck
Ask patient to take and hold deep breath in
What do you look for in hands for abdominal exam?
Clubbing Palmar erythema (caused primarily by pregnancy or secondary by liver cirrhosis)
What do you check the mouth for in abdominal exam?
Pallor
Ulcers
What do you check the eyes for in abdominal exam?
Lipid deposits
Anaemia
What are 5 things you check the abdomen for in abdominal exam?
Scars Hernias Cachexia Brushing Abdominal distension
How do you approach patient for abdominal exam?
Kneel down to patients level
Cover lower half with a sheet
How do you do liver palpation?
Ask to take deep breath in
Use finger-tip palpation
Start in RLQ
How do you percuss liver?
Start in RLQ
Should be by edge of costal margin
How do you do spleen palpation?
Support left loin with left hand
Start in RLQ
Ask to take deep breaths in
Use finger-tip palpation
How do you do kidney palpation?
1 hand in renal angle
1 hand underneath parallel to recurs sheath
Ask to take deep breaths in
Lower border may be palpable upon deep inspiration
How do you do descending colon palpation?
Finger-tip palpation
To LLQ
How do you do aortic palpation?
Both hands on opposite sides of umbilicus
Pulsation, not expansive movements
How do you auscultate for bowel sounds?
Listen for 15 seconds
Normal sounds every 5-10
High-pitched gurgling
What do you check hands for in respiratory examination?
Peripheral cyanosis
Clubbing
