Ovarian Histology

Question 1

What are the exocrine functions of the ovary?

Answer 1

Ova production

Cytogenic secretion

Question 2

What are the endocrine functions of the ovary?

Answer 2

Estrogen production

Progesterone production

Question 3

What structures within the ovary produce estrogen?

Answer 3

Theca interna

Theca granulosa

Question 4

Which structure in the ovary produces progesterone?

Answer 4

Corpus luteum

Question 5

What structures suspend the ovary?

Answer 5

Mesovarium
Peritoneal covering
Hilum

Question 6

What type of tissue makes up the ovarian medulla?

Answer 6

Loose fibroelastic connective tissue

Question 7

What structures make up the ovarian cortex?

Answer 7

Tunic albuginea

Stroma

Question 8

Where do primordial germ cells come from?

Answer 8

Yolk sac

Question 9

During which fetal month do oogonia become 1° oocytes?

Answer 9

Third

Question 10

In what phase of mitosis/meiosis are 1° oocytes arrested?

Answer 10

Prophase 1

Question 11

In what phase are 2° oocytes arrested?

Answer 11

Metaphase II

Question 12

When is the first meiosis completed?

Answer 12

Just prior to ovulation

Question 13

When is the second first meiosis completed?

Answer 13

Just after fertilization

Question 14

What are the six phases of follicular development?

Answer 14

Primordial follicle
Unilaminar primary follicle
Multilaminar primary follicle
Secondary follicle
Graafian (mature) follicle

Question 15

What two cell types are involved with primordial follicles?

Answer 15

1° oocyte

Follicular cells

Question 16

What is the zona pellucida made of?

Answer 16

Gel-like neutral proteins

Question 17

What structure forms during secondary follicle formation?

Answer 17

The antrum

Question 18

What cells form around the oocyte inside the theca?

Answer 18

Granulosa cells

Question 19

What cells are in the theca interna?

Answer 19

follicle cells

Question 20

What do follicle cells produce?

Answer 20

Androgens

Question 21

What do granulosa cells produce?

Answer 21

Estrogen

Question 22

How much time does it take to mature an immature follicle?

Answer 22

3 months

Question 23

What signals the final maturation of graafian follicles?

Answer 23

LH

Question 24

When is the first polar body produced?

Answer 24

When the 1° oocyte becomes the 2° oocyte

Question 25

What is the bundle of granulosa cells around the oocyte in a graafian follicle?

Answer 25

Corona Cumulus oophorus

Question 26

What What is left behind in the ovary by a released ovum?

Answer 26

Corpus luteum

Question 27

What role does FSH play in ovulation?

Answer 27

Stimulates granulosa cell growth and estrogen synthesis | Stimulates LH receptor synth

Question 28

What role does LH play in ovulation?

Answer 28

Stimulates thecal cell growth and androgen production | Stimulates progesterone production in granulosa cells

Question 29

What, specifically, is the trigger for ovulation?

Answer 29

LH surge

Question 30

What enzyme is important for conversion of Testosterone to estrogen?

Answer 30

Aromatase

Question 31

What must the testosterone cross in order to become estrogen?

Answer 31

Leave theca cell Cross Membrana granulosa Enter granulosa cell

Question 32

What hormone levels increase substantially during the luteal phase?

Answer 32

Progesterone

Question 33

What does the corpus luteum become after 14 days and with no pregnancy?

Answer 33

Corpora albicans

Question 34

What maintains the corpus luteum in pregnancy?

Answer 34

HCG

Question 35

What is the role of estrogen in the menstrual cycle?

Answer 35

Directs repair of uterus following menstruation

Question 36

What hormone primarily stimulates the breasts to develop?

Answer 36

Estrogen

Question 37

What is the role of progesterone in the menstrual cycle?

Answer 37

Prepares uterus for implantation (pro-gestation)

Question 38

What makes relaxin?

Answer 38

Corpus luteum and decidual cells of placenta

Question 39

What is the role of relaxin?

Answer 39

Inhibits contractions of myometrium during pregnancy Promotes cervical dilation Relaxes symphysis pubis

Question 40

What is the role of inhibin?

Answer 40

Negative FSH feedback