Overview of Upper Extremity

Question 1

What does the clavicle do?

Answer 1

acts as a strut to keep upper limp in lateral position, connects upper limp to axial skeleton

Question 2

What is significant about the suprascapular notch?

Answer 2

superior transverse scapular ligament spans the notch to form a foramen for the passage of the suprascapular nerve

Question 3

What does the glenoid cavity articulate with?

Answer 3

the humerus

Question 4

What is found in the intertubercular groove (bicipital groove)?

Answer 4

the tendon of the long head of biceps brachii

Question 5

Where is the radial groove? What does it contain?

Answer 5

it is located on the posterior shaft of the humerus, radial nerve and deep artery of the arm run through it

Question 6

Sternoclavicular (SC) joint

Answer 6

synovial joint between the clavicle and the manubrium of the sternum

allows the clavicle and the manubrium to move anterior and posterior and allows for elevation and depression

Question 7

Acromioclavicular AC joint

Answer 7

synovial joint between the clavicle and the acromion of the scapula

Question 8

scapulothoracic (ST) joint

Answer 8

not a true anatomic joint

a functional joint, permitting movement of the scapula on the thoracic wall

Question 9

What joints allow movement of the scapula?

Answer 9

SC joint

AC joint

ST joint

Question 10

What are the movements of the scapula?

Answer 10

elevation, depression, retraction, protraction, upward rotation, downward rotation

Question 11

Glenohumeral (GH) Joint

Answer 11

head of the humerus articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula, ball and socket joint with wide ROM

Question 12

What are the movements of the glenohumeral joint?

Answer 12

Flexion/Extension

Abduction/Adduction

Medial Rotation/Lateral Rotation

Question 13

What is meant by scapulohumeral rhythm?

Answer 13

for every 2 degrees of glenohumeral movement there is 1 degree of scapulothoracic movement

Question 14

Elbow Joint

Answer 14

where the distal humerus articulates with the proximal radius and ulna

a hinge synovial joint

Question 15

What movements occur at the elbow joint?

Answer 15

Flexion/Extension

Question 16

Proximal and Distal Radioulnar Joints

Answer 16

synovial joints, ulna is stable and radius rotates

Question 17

What movement occurs at the proximal and distal radioulnar joints?

Answer 17

Supination and Pronation

Question 18

Wrist (radiocarpal) joint

Answer 18

synovial joint between the distal radius, articular discs and proximal carpals (scaphoid, lunate and triquetrum)

Question 19

What movements occur at the wrist (radiocarpal) joint?

Answer 19

Extension/Flexion

Abduction/Adduction

Question 20

What are the movements of the CMC joint of the pollex?

Answer 20

Extension/Flexion

Abduction/Adduction

Opposition/Reposition

Question 21

Metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints

Answer 21

synovial joints between the metacarpals and the proximal phalanges

Question 22

What movements occur at the MCP joints?

Answer 22

Flexion/Extension

Abduction/Adduction

Question 23

IP joints, what movements occur here?

Answer 23

hinge synovial joints between phalanges

Flexion/Extension

Question 24

Function of flexor and extensor retinacula

Answer 24

keep tendons in place

Question 25

What are the superficial veins of the UE?

Answer 25

dorsal venous network cephalic vein basilic vein medial cubital vein

Question 26

cephalic vein

Answer 26

arises from the lateral aspect of the dorsal venous network travels along lateral aspect of forearm and arm and enters the deltopectoral triangle

Question 27

Where does the cephalic vein drain into?

Answer 27

the axillary vein

Question 28

Basilic vein

Answer 28

Arises from medial aspect of the dorsal venous network, courses along medial side of forearm and arm joins brachial veins to form axillary vein

Question 29

Median cubital vein

Answer 29

site of venipuncture arises from the cephalic vein

Question 30

What is a common variation of the median cubital vein?

Answer 30

median antebrachial vein which divides into median cephalic and median basilic veins

Question 31

Lymphatics of UE

Answer 31

follows venous system

Question 32

SF lymphatic drainage along cephalic vein

Answer 32

drain to deltopectoral or axillary lymph nodes

Question 33

SF lymphatic drainage along the basilic vein

Answer 33

first drain into the cubital lymph nodes > axillary lymph nodes

Question 34

Deep lymphatic drainage of UE

Answer 34

accompany deep veins and drain into the axillary lymph nodes

Question 35

Inflammation of axillary lymph nodes

Answer 35

may indicate infections/pathologies in the UE, also site for metastasis breast cancer

Question 36

Brachial plexus

Answer 36

network of nerves in the neck and axilla that supply the UE and pectoral region formed by ventral rami C5-T1