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Embryology > Ovulation to Implantation > Flashcards

Ovulation to Implantation Flashcards

(85 cards)

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1
Q

Gut tube is formed from what?

A

only two things

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2
Q

What is the first prenatal time period?

A

blastocystic

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3
Q

What is the second time period of prenatal development?

A

embryonic

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4
Q

What is the third time period of prenatal development?

A

fetal

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5
Q

In first two weeks what is gamete called

A

blastocyst

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6
Q

Week 3-8 is what time period

A

embryonic

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7
Q

Organogenesis is what time period

A

3-8

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8
Q

By end of week 8 all of what have been developed

A

organ systems

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9
Q

What is the first system to develop

A

reproductive system

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10
Q

If it is in second week of development it is called a:

A

blastocyst

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11
Q

Primordial germ cell originates from what?

A

epiblast layer of blastocyst

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12
Q

It takes how long to go from where they are born to primitive streak

A

a week

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13
Q

What is the primitive streak

A

like a zipper, it opens and then will close. when it closes it prevents add’l PGC from entering

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14
Q

What happens in first three weeks?

A

increasing number of primoridal germ cells - increasing cell number by rapid mitosis

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15
Q

In the fourth week the primoridal germ cells get a ride on what?

A

hindgut (? check on this, wasn’t sure)

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16
Q

urogenital ridge forms what?

A

urinary system and genital system

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17
Q

paramesonephric duct forms what

A

female reproductive tract

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18
Q

mesonephric duct forms what

A

male reproductive tract

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19
Q

why are paramesonephric and mesonephric both formed in week 5?

A

it doesn’t know if it’s going to be boy or girl until primordial germ cells get there

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20
Q

what is coelomic epithelium

A

outermost part of genital ridge

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21
Q

what happens to primoridal germ cells

A

will go into coelomic epithelium

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22
Q

what will coelomic epithelum form

A

primary sex cords

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23
Q

what have two cords of development?

A

females, they have primary and secondary gonadal cords

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24
Q

what happens to primary gonadal cords in female?

A

they will degenerate and then will form secondary gonadal cords

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25
within each cord is what
primordial germ cells
26
PGC stands for what
primordial germ cells
27
PGC form what in males
spermatogonia
28
spermatagonia form what
primary spermatocytes with testis cords
29
spermatocytes with testis cords form what
seminiferous tubules
30
In female PGC forms what?
oogonium
31
oogonium forms what?
primary oocytes (MI) at 5th month
32
when does male gamete enter meiosis 1
puberty
33
when does female gamete enter meiosis 1?
5th month
34
Write out chart of meiosis I and II, listing the number of chromosomes at each step
ppt pg 11
35
chromatid have how much DNA
4N
36
Is there genetic difference b/w oocyte and polar body?
No
37
what happens to polar bodies?
will be reabsorbed
38
mature oocyte has how much chromsomes and DNA
23, 1N
39
How many polar bodies are formed after first maturation division in female
1
40
How many polar bodies are formed after second maturation dividion in female?
1, and the first polar body makes two more polar bodies, so total of 3 polar bodies
41
are both secondary spermatocytes viable?
yes
42
can spermatids fertilize an egg
no
43
spermatids are not the same as:
sperm
44
there is no change in the genetics from spermatid to
sperm
45
what changes in spermatid to sperm
the body changes
46
what percent of oogonia survive
none
47
what changes in primoridal follicle to primary follicle
the outside, the oocyte itself and DNA doesnt change
48
What happens in primoridal follicle to primary follicle
the outside ell layer is stratified, still ahve primary oocyte
49
what is the difference b/w primary and secondary follicel
still have primary oocyte, just have a lot more granular cells and have some follicular antrum
50
what is the genetic difference b/w primarya nd secondary follicel
nothing
51
tertiary follicel has what kind of occyte
secondary occyte
52
only in what phase is there a secondary occyte
tertiary follicle
53
where is the cumulus oophorus found
tertiary follicle
54
what is actually ovulated
secondary oocyte
55
if no fertilization, the corpus luteum becomes what
corpus albicans
56
if oocyte is fertilizaed, corpus luteum will become what
corpus luteum of pregnancy, it doesn't regenerate
57
what is the function of corpus luteum in pregnancy
secrete estrogen and progesterone until placenta takes over
58
at the end of meiosis II what kind of sperm?
spermatids
59
after the sperm enters the female genital tract what happens to it
the acrosomal head is revealed, stuff on top of it is removed
60
what degenerates once sperm enters cytoplasm of oocyte
mitochondria and tail
61
what happens to oocyte after sperm enters
zona reaction - cell membrane undergoes cortical reaction & changes properties to prevent fusion with more sperm.
62
as soon as the male and femla pronuclei fuse together, its called:
zygote
63
when sperm enters ococyte what happesn
second meiotic divison completed, its called a mature ovum and a polar body
64
what is the egenetic makeup of the 2 blasomeres
46 2N
65
what are the main results of fertilization
corpus leuteum stays diploid number of chromosomes sex of individual determined cleavage of zygote to form 2 blastomeres
66
what is a morula
a big bag of cells formed from zonia paloosa
67
what is the compaction process
blastomeres segregating into an outer and inner cell mass and a blastocystic cavity
68
inner cell mass forms
embryo
69
outer cell mass forms
placenta
70
what is in the blastocystic cavity
a little sugar to help nutritional requirement developing the inner cell mass
71
A 23 year old woman comes into the clinic with complaints that she cannot get pregnant. the physician in deciding what tests to perform recalls which of the following is most likely in the normal gametogenesis process? a. MII ends with gametes of 23, 1N B. spermatids undergo further nuclear division C. gametes reach gonadal ridge in 3rd week D. Secondary follicle has a secondary oocytes E. Gametogensis ends in blastocystic time period
A
72
In actue uterine leiomyoma syndrome, there is difficulty in implantation into the endometrium in week one. In evaluating this disease, which of the followin gis most likely about the first week of development? A. blastomeres divide by meiosis B. Zona pellucida formed by zygote C. Fertilization restores diploid number 46, 2N D. Blastocyst directly forms morula E. Inner cell mass forms trophoblast
C
73
inner cell mas forms what
embryoblast
74
What is often called the week of 2s
the second week of development
75
embryoblast splits into what
epiblast and hypoblast
76
the trophoblast splits into what
inner cytrotrophoblast & outer synctiotrophoblast
77
what two cavities appear in second week of development
amniotic cavity & blastocyst cavity
78
blastocyst cavity is remodeled twice to ofrm what
primary and secondary yolk sacs
79
what two cavities appear in second week of development
amniotic cavity & blastocyst cavity
80
extraembryonic forms what
placenta
81
what does the epiblast form
all 3 germ layers of embryo
82
what forms every part of baby
epiblast
83
what does hypoblast form
forced dowanrd and is inner lining of yolk sac. it is also part of placenta
84
deriviitve of hypoblast forms inner or extra embryonic material?
extra
85
what is the name of the inner layer ( the blastocyst outer cell mast differentiates into
hypoblast

Embryology (16 decks)

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