P

Question 1

Parallels

Answer 1

Lines of Latitude

Question 2

Parasite drag

Answer 2

Drag caused by the friction of air moving
over the aircraft structure; its amount varies directly with
the airspeed.

Question 3

Payload (GAMA)

Answer 3

The weight of occupants, cargo, and baggage.

Question 4

Personality

Answer 4

The embodiment of personal traits and
characteristics of an individual that are set at a very early
age and extremely resistant to change.

Question 5

P-factor

Answer 5

A tendency for an aircraft to yaw to the left due to
the descending propeller blade on the right producing more
thrust than the ascending blade on the left. This occurs when
the aircraft’s longitudinal axis is in a climbing attitude in
relation to the relative wind. The P-factor would be to the right
if the aircraft had a counterclockwise rotating propeller.

Question 6

Phugoid oscillations

Answer 6

Long-period oscillations of an
aircraft around its lateral axis. It is a slow change in pitch
accompanied by equally slow changes in airspeed. Angle
of attack remains constant, and the pilot often corrects for
phugoid oscillations without even being aware of them.

Question 7

Pilotage

Answer 7

Navigation by visual reference to landmarks

Question 8

Pilot In Command (PIC)

Answer 8

The pilot responsible for the operation and safety of an aircraft.

Question 9

Pilot Report (PIREP)

Answer 9

Report of meteorological phenomena encountered by aircraft.

Question 10

Pilots Operating Handbook/Airplane Flight Manual (POH/AFM)

Answer 10

FAA-approved documents published by the
airframe manufacturer that list the operating conditions for
a particular model of aircraft.

Question 11

Pilot pressure

Answer 11

Ram air pressure used to measure airspeed

Question 12

Pilot-static head

Answer 12

A combination pickup used to sample pilot pressure and static air pressure.

Question 13

Plan view

Answer 13

The overhead view of an approach procedure on
an instrument approach chart. The plan view depicts the routes
that guide the pilot from the en route segments to the IAF.

Question 14

Planform

Answer 14

The shape or form of a wing as viewed from
above. It may be long and tapered, short and rectangular, or
various other shapes.

Question 15

Pneumatic

Answer 15

Operation by the use of compressed air

Question 16

Point-in-space approach

Answer 16

A type of helicopter instrument
approach procedure to a missed approach point more than
2,600 feet from an associated helicopter landing area.

Question 17

Poor judgement chain

Answer 17

A series of mistakes that may lead
to an accident or incident. Two basic principles generally
associated with the creation of a poor judgment chain are:
(1) one bad decision often leads to another; and (2) as a
string of bad decisions grows, it reduces the number of
subsequent alternatives for continued safe flight. ADM is
intended to break the poor judgment chain before it can
cause an accident or incident.

Question 18

Position error

Answer 18

Error in the indication of the altimeter, ASI,
and VSI caused by the air at the static system entrance not
being absolutely still.

Question 19

Position report

Answer 19

A report over a known location as transmitted by an aircraft to ATC

Question 20

Positive static stability

Answer 20

The initial tendency to return to a state of equilibrium when disturbed from that state.

Question 21

Power

Answer 21

Implies work rate or units of work per unit of time,
and as such, it is a function of the speed at which the force is
developed. The term “power required” is generally associated
with reciprocating engines.

Question 22

Powerplant

Answer 22

A complete engine and propeller combination with accessories.

Question 23

Precession

Answer 23

The characteristic of a gyroscope that causes an
applied force to be felt, not at the point of application, but
90° from that point in the direction of rotation.

Question 24

Precipitation

Answer 24

Any or all forms of water particles (rain,
sleet, hail, or snow) that fall from the atmosphere and reach
the surface.

Question 25

Precipitation static (P-static)

Answer 25

A form of radio interference caused by rain, snow, or dust particles hitting the antenna and inducing a small radio-frequency voltage into it.

Question 26

Precision approach

Answer 26

A standard instrument approach procedure in which both vertical and horizontal guidance is provided.

Question 27

Precision approach path indicator (PAPI)

Answer 27

A system of lights similar to the VASI, but consisting of one row of lights in two- or four-light systems. A pilot on the correct glideslope will see two white lights and two red lights. See VASI.

Question 28

Precision Approach Radar (PAR)

Answer 28

A type of radar used at an airport to guide an aircraft through the final stages of landing, providing horizontal and vertical guidance. The radar operator directs the pilot to change heading or adjust the descent rate to keep the aircraft on a path that allows it to touch down at the correct spot on the runway.

Question 29

Precision Runway Monitor (PRM)

Answer 29

System allows simultaneous, independent instrument flight rules (IFR) approaches at airports with closely spaced parallel runways.

Question 30

Preferred IFR routes

Answer 30

Routes established in the major terminal and en route environments to increase system efficiency and capacity. IFR clearances are issued based on these routes, listed in the A/FD except when severe weather avoidance procedures or other factors dictate otherwise.

Question 31

Preignition

Answer 31

Routes established in the major terminal and en route environments to increase system efficiency and capacity. IFR clearances are issued based on these routes, listed in the A/FD except when severe weather avoidance procedures or other factors dictate otherwise.

Question 32

Pressure altitude

Answer 32

Altitude above the standard 29.92 "Hg plane

Question 33

Pressure demand oxygen system

Answer 33

A demand oxygen system that supplies 100 percent oxygen at sufficient pressure above the altitude where normal breathing is adequate. Also referred to as a pressure breathing system.

Question 34

Prevailing visibility

Answer 34

The greatest horizontal visibility equaled or exceeded throughout at least half the horizon circle (which is not necessarily continuous).

Question 35

Preventive maintenance

Answer 35

Simple or minor preservative operations and the replacement of small standard parts not involving complex assembly operation as listed in 14 CFR part 43, appendix A. Certificated pilots may perform preventive maintenance on any aircraft that is owned or operated by them provided that the aircraft is not used in air carrier service.

Question 36

Primary and supporting

Answer 36

A method of attitude instrument flying using the instrument that provides the most direct indication of attitude and performance.

Question 37

Primary Flight Display (PFD)

Answer 37

A display that provides increased situational awareness to the pilot by replacing the traditional six instruments used for instrument flight with an easy-to-scan display that provides the horizon, airspeed, altitude, vertical speed, trend, trim, and rate of turn among other key relevant indications.

Question 38

Procedure turn

Answer 38

A maneuver prescribed when it is necessary to reverse direction to establish an aircraft on the intermediate approach segment or final approach course.

Question 39

Profile view

Answer 39

Side view of an IAP chart illustrating the vertical | approach path altitudes, headings, distances, and fixes.

Question 40

Prohibited area

Answer 40

Designated airspace within which flight of aircraft is prohibited

Question 41

Propeller

Answer 41

A device for propelling an aircraft that, when rotated, produces by its action on the air, a thrust approximately perpendicular to its plane of rotation. It includes the control components normally supplied by its manufacturer.

Question 42

Propeller/rotor modulation error

Answer 42

Certain propeller rpm settings or helicopter rotor speeds can cause the VOR course deviation indicator (CDI) to fluctuate as much as ±6°. Slight changes to the rpm setting will normally smooth out this roughness.