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P/S MCAT flashcards > P/S lecture 4 > Flashcards

P/S lecture 4 Flashcards

1
Q

what does OCEAN stand for

A

Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism

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2
Q

neuroticism

A

having high levels of emotion

  • high neuroticism = more negative emotions
  • low neuroticism = low negative emotions
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3
Q

the core component of self concept

A

personality

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4
Q

defn personality

A

feelings, way of thinking, beliefs, and behaviors

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5
Q

life course perspective

A

understanding of personality according to cultural, social, and structural context

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6
Q

psychoanalytic perspective defn and theorist

A

personality is shaped largely by the unconscious which is developed during childhood; Freud

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7
Q

structural levels of human psyche

A

id, ego, and superego

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8
Q

id defn

A

seek pleasure, avoid pain (unconscious)

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9
Q

ego

A

logical thinking and planning

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10
Q

superego

A

moral judgements, manages id and ego

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11
Q

psychosexual stages of development and ages

A 
oral (0-1)
anal (1-3)
phallic (3-6)
latency (6-12)
genital (12+)
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12
Q

primary focus of phallic, latency, and genital stages of psychosexual development (the 3 i’s)

A

phallic – identity
latency – interaction
genital – intimacy

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13
Q

libido

A

life drive (pleasure, survival, and avoiding pain)

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14
Q

death drive

A

drive twd danger, destruction, and pain

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15
Q

psychosocial stages of development defn and theorist

A

personality is shaped by social influences; Erikson

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16
Q

1st stage of psychosocial development and age

A

trust vs mistrust – 0-2

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17
Q

2nd stage of psychosocial development and age

A

autonomy vs shame – 2-4

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18
Q

3rd stage of psychosocial development and age

A

initiative vs guilt – 4-5

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19
Q

4th stage of psychosocial development and age

A

industry vs inferiority – 6-10

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20
Q

5th stage of psychosocial development and age

A

identity vs role confusion – 12-18

21
Q

6th stage of psychosocial development and age

A

intimacy vs isolation– 18+

22
Q

7th stage of psychosocial development

A

generativity vs stagnation

23
Q

8th stage of psychosocial development

A

integrity vs despair

24
Q

which psychosocial stage matches most closely with the timeline of Freud’s latency stage

A

industry vs inferiority

25
which psychosocial stage matches most closely with the timeline of Freud's genital stage
identity vs role confusion
26
humanist perspective defn and theorist
humans want to realize their full potential and are frustrated when that is prevented; Rogers
27
does conditional or unconditional positive regard lead to a lack of desire to realize potential and define those two terms
conditional; the humanist perspective says that people can only accomplish self actualization when they have been raised with unconditional positive regard; when raised with conditional positive regard, they believe that they must meet certain conditions to feel worth and frustrations in doing so lead to decr desire to
28
behaviorist perspective defn and theorist
personality is entirely learned based on the behaviors demonstrated in their environment; Skinner
29
social cognitive theory defn and theorist
personality is a result of behavior, cognitive, and environment factors; bandura
30
vicarious reinforcement
even though a person is not directly rewarded, they see that a person's actions are and thus copy them
31
trait perspective defn and theorist
personality is relatively stable over time; involves traits, habits, thoughts, and emotions; eysenck
32
findings of temperament and heritability studies
showed that brain part stimulation evokes certain traits
33
cardinal traits
rare and develop later in life but are very defining of that person
34
central traits
foundational traits from which others branch off of
35
secondary traits
situational based on attitude and preference
36
drive reduction theory
having a need creates an aroused state which drives behavior
37
james-lange theory
stimulus --> physiological response --> emotion
38
cannon-bard theory
stimulus --> physiological and emotional response
39
schnacter-singer theory
stimulus --> physiological response --> cognitive interpretation --> emotion
40
yerkes-dodson law
there is an optimal level of emotional arousal for performance
41
ambient stressors
those which are integrated into our environment
42
cognitive appraisal
personal evaluation of a threat and determination of how stressful it is for us
43
secondary response to cognitive appraisal
evaluation of damage, ability to cope with threat, and how to deal with it
44
buffering hypothesis of social support
the idea that social support creates a protective layer for a person from a stressful event
45
direct effects hypothesis of social support
social support allows a person to find a direct approach to managing stressful event
46
cognitive dissonance
when behaviors and beliefs do not match or if two beliefs do not match, a person feels negative tension
47
principle of aggregation as it relates to attitude
attitude determines the aggregate or average of a persons behavior but not each and every isolated act
48
when does attitude predict behavior?
- when social influences are reduced - when we observe the general patterns of behavior - when a specific belief is held about a behavior - when a person has the opportunity for self-reflection
49
when does behavior predict attitude
- when role playing - after making a declaration - when alot of effort is put into something

P/S MCAT flashcards (7 decks)

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