Paediatric Surgery

Question 1

Biliary stenosis cause

Answer 1

Cholingitis

Question 2

Investigation for biliary stenosis

Answer 2

HIDA scan

Question 3

Use of Kasai procedure

Answer 3

Biliary stenosis

Question 4

Cause of biliary vomiting after first eating

Answer 4

DUODENAL atresia

Question 5

Cause of meconium ileus

Answer 5

Cystic fibrosis

Question 6

Association of congenital anomaly with duodenal atresia

Answer 6

Trisomy 21 down syndrome

Question 7

When to do chloride sweat test

Answer 7

Cystic fibrosis/meconium ileus

Question 8

Pathological part of hirschsprungs disease

Answer 8

Aganglionic Distal constructed part

Question 9

Opposite presentation of hirschsprungs disease

Answer 9

Achalasia cardia

Question 10

Time of vomiting in CHPS

Answer 10

After 4 weeks

Question 11

How long jaundice to be present to declare biliary atresia

Answer 11

More than 14 days for term
& 21 for preterm

Question 12

VACTREAL syndrome associated with

Answer 12

DUODENAL atresia

Question 13

Location is pathology in medium ileus

Answer 13

Distal small intestine

Question 14

Cyanotic heart disease at birth

Answer 14

TGA

Question 15

Most common cyanotic heart disease

Answer 15

TOF

Question 16

Must common acyanotic heart disease of children

Answer 16

VSD

Question 17

Most common acyanotic heart disease of adult

Answer 17

ASD

Question 18

Where do we find enterocystoma

Answer 18

Meckels diverticulum

Question 19

Right loin mass with hematuria

Answer 19

Neuroblastoma/Wilms tumor

Question 20

Character of bronchogenic cyst

Answer 20

Along Midline
Has air fluid level
May cause dyspnoea

Question 21

First line of treatment of meconium ileus due to cystic fibrosis

Answer 21

Enema by N-acetyl cystine or gastrograffin
But not is there is perforation

Question 22

Diagnostic investigation for hirschsprungs disease

Answer 22

Full thickness rectal biopsy

Question 23

Most common cause it’s hesitancy and poor urine stream in children

Answer 23

Posterior ureteral valve

Question 24

What is Kasai procedure

Answer 24

Roux-en-Y portojejunostomy

Question 25

Cause of bilious vomiting associated with exomphalos and diaphragmatic hernia

Answer 25

Intestinal malrotation

Question 26

Didn't pass meconium within 3 days

Answer 26

See if imperforated anus If not then Full thickness rectal biopsy

Question 27

Best time to perform Kasai procedure for biliary atresia

Answer 27

Within first 8 weeks

Question 28

Alagille syndrome and biliary atresia

Answer 28

Alagille syndrome and biliary atresia can cause similar effects and symptoms. In Alagille syndrome, your bile duct can restrict the flow of bile to the small intestine, causing bile to back up into the liver. In biliary atresia, damage or scarring of the bile ducts causes the same symptoms. Biliary atresia, also known as extrahepatic ductopenia and progressive obliterative cholangiopathy ducts did not form properly during pregnancy. Or may be damaged by the body's immune system because of a viral infection that happened after birth. Alagille syndrome causes liver damage by reducing the number of bile ducts in the liver, which prevents bile from draining properly. This leads to a buildup of bile in the liver, which can cause scarring and liver failure.

Question 29

Munchausen syndrome

Answer 29

Factitious disorder imposed on another Common presentations of Munchausen syndrome pretend to be in pain. exaggerate symptoms. fake symptoms, including psychological symptoms. poison themselves with chemicals. infect themselves with unclean substances. tamper with diagnostic tests – for example, contaminate a urine sample with sugar or blood interfere with a medical condition so that recovery isn’t possible – for example, repeatedly open or contaminate a skin wound or not take prescribed medication ignore a genuine medical problem until it becomes serious.

Question 30

Confirm cause of bilious vomiting in infant to proceed

Answer 30

Contrast study If DJ flexure is right of midline then do laparotomy to treat this intestinal malrotation with volvulus

Question 31

Time of onset of symptoms of intestinal malrotation in neonates

Answer 31

After 1-2 days After several feeding to be more specific

Question 32

Time of definitive surgery for hirsprungs disease

Answer 32

9-12 months of age

Question 33

X ray finding of bronchogenic cyst

Answer 33

At Midline mostly Radio opaque (ground-glass opacity) with air fluid level

Question 34

Initial step to manage intussusceptoon

Answer 34

Resuscitation

Question 35

Components of VACTREL

Answer 35

Vertebral Anorectal Cardiac Thacheo oesophageal Renal Radial limb

Question 36

Which has fluid loss between Gastroschisis and omphalocele

Answer 36

Gastroschisis

Question 37

What type of lesion is juvenile polyp

Answer 37

Hamartoma That's why cherry red color

Question 38

What does juvenile polyp indicate as underlying pathology

Answer 38

Polyposis disorder

Question 39

X-ray finding of meconium ileus

Answer 39

Distended coils of intestine with mottled ground glass appearance Scarce fluid level because of viscid meconium

Question 40

Short ten treatment for oesophageal atresia

Answer 40

Replogle tube for removing oesophageal secretion pending surgery

Question 41

X-ray finding of necrotizing enterocolitis

Answer 41

Pneumatosis (Intra mural air produced by bacteria)