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PSYC 100 > Page 17 > Flashcards

Page 17 Flashcards

brain (55 cards)

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1
Q

Afferent nerves

A

Nerves that carry messages to the brain or spinal cord.

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2
Q

Agnosias

A

due to damage of Wernicke’s area. An inability to recognize objects, words, or faces.

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3
Q

Aphasia

A

due to damage of the broca’s area. An inability to produce or understand words

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4
Q

Arcuate fasciculus

A

a fiber tract that connects wernicke’s and broca’s speach areas

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5
Q

Autonomic nervous system

A

a part of the peripheral nervous system that connect to glands and smooth muscles. consists of sympathetic and parasymathetic divisions

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6
Q

Broca’s area

A

an area in the frontal lobe of the left hemisphere. implicated in language production.

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7
Q

central sulcus

A

the major fissure that divides the frontal and the parietal lobes

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8
Q

cerebellum

A

a nervous system structure that divides the frontal and the parietal lobes

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9
Q

cerebrum

A

consists of left and right hemispheres that sit at the top of the nervous system and engages in a variety of higher order functions.

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10
Q

Cingulate gyrus

A

a medial cortical portion of the nervous tissue that is part of the limbic system

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11
Q

Computerized axial tomography

A

a noninvasive brain-scanning procedure that uses xray absorption around the head.

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12
Q

ectoderm

A

the outer most lauer of a developing fetus

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13
Q

efferent nerves

A

nerves that carry messages from th ebrain to glands and organs in the periphery.

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14
Q

electroncephalography

A

a technique that is used to measure gross electrial activity of the brain by plaving electrodes on the scalp

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15
Q

event-related potentials

A

a physiological measure of large electrical change in the brain produced by sensory stimulation or motor responses

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16
Q

forebrain

A

a part of the nervous system that contains the cerebral hemispheres, thalamus, and hypothalamus

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17
Q

fornix

A

a nerve fiber tract that connects the hippocampus to mammillary bodies

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18
Q

frontal lobe

A

the most forward region of the cerebral hemispheres

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19
Q

functional magnetuc resonance imaging

A

a noninvasive brain imaging technique that registers changes in blood flow in the brain during a given task

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20
Q

Globus pallidus

A

a nucleus of the basal ganglia

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21
Q

grey matter

A

composes the bark or the cortex of the cerebrum and consists of the cell bodies of the neurons

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22
Q

gyrus

A

a bulge that is raised betwen or among fuissure sof the convoluted brain

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23
Q

hippocampus

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A

a nucleus inside the temporal lobe implicated in learning and memory

24
Q

homo habilis

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A

a human ancestor, handy man , that lived two milloon eyars ago

25
hypothalamus
part of the diecephalon. regulates biological drives with pituitary gland
26
immunocytochemistry
a method of staining tissue oincluding the brain, using antibodies
27
lateral geniculate nucleus
a nucleus in the thalamus that is innervated by the optic nerves and send ssignals ti the visual cortex in the occipital lobe.
28
lateral sulcus
the major fissure that delinates the temprioal lobe below the frontal and the pareital lobes.
29
lesion studies
a surgical method in which a part of the animal brain is removed to study its effect on behaviour or function
30
limbic system
a loosely defined network of nuclei in the brain involved with learning and emotion
31
magnetic resonance imaging
mri that uses magnetic energy to generate brain images
32
magnification factor
cortical space projected by an area of sensory input
33
medulla oblongata
an area just above the spinal cord that processes breathing, digestion, heart and blood vessel function, swallowiung, and sneezing
34
neual crest
a set of primordial neurons that migrate outside the neural tube and give rise to sensory and autonomic neurons in the peripheral nervous system
35
neural induction
a process that causes the formation of the neural tube.
36
neuroblasts
brain progenitor cells that asymmetrically divide into other neuroblasts or nerve cellls
37
neuroepithelium
the lining of the neural tube
38
occipital lobe
the back part of teh cerebrum, which houses the visual areas
39
para sympathetic nerous system
a division o fthe autonomic nervous system that is slower than its ocunterpart- that is the sympathetic nervous system
40
parietal lobe
an area of the cerebrum just behind the crental sulcus that is engaged with somatosensory and gustatory sensation
41
pons
a bridge that connects the cerebral cortex with the medulla, and reciprocally transfers information back and forth between. the brain and the spinal cord
42
positron emission tomography
an invasive procedure that captures brain images with positron emissions dfrom the brain after the individual has beene injected with radio-labelled isotopes
43
primary motor cortex
a strop of cortex just in front of the central sulcus that i sinvolved with motor control
44
primary somatosensory cortex
a strip of cerebral tissue just behind the central sluus engaded in sensory reception of bodily sensations.
45
rostrocaudal
a front back plane used to identidfy anatomical structures in the body and brain
46
somatic nervous system
a part of the peripheral nervous system that uses cranial and spinal nerves in volitional actions
47
spia bifida
spinal cord disease
48
sulcus
the crevices or fissures fromed by convolutions in the brain
49
sympathetic nervous system
a divison of the autonomic nervous sytem, that is faster than its counterpart that is the parasympathetic nervous system and works in oppositoon to it. generally engaded in fight or flight functions
50
temporal lobe
an area of the cerebrum that lies below the lateral sulcus, it contains auditory and olfactory projection regions
51
thalamus
a part of the diecephalon that works as a gate way for incoming and outgoing information.
52
transduction
a process in which the physical enerhgy converts into neural energy
53
wernicke's area
a language area in the temporal lobe
54
white matter
represent th axons of the nerve cells
55
working memory
short term memory in the hippocapus

PSYC 100 (17 decks)

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