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Question 1

Adaptations

Answer 1

Evolved solutions to problems that historically contributed to reproductive success.

Question 2

Error management theory (EMT)

Answer 2

A theory of selection under conditions of uncertainty in which recurrent cost asymmetries of judgement or inference favour the evolution of adaptive cognitive biases that function to minimize the more costly errors.

Question 3

Evolution

Answer 3

Change over time. Is the definition changing?

Question 4

Gene selection theory

Answer 4

The modern theory of evolution by selection by which differential gene replication is the defining process of evolutionary change.

Question 5

Intersexual competition

Answer 5

A process of sexual selection by which members of one sex compete with each other, and the victors gain preferential mating access to members of the opposite sex.

Question 6

Natural selection

Answer 6

Differential reproduction success as a consequence of differences in heritable attributes.

Question 7

Psychological adaptations

Answer 7

Mechanisms of the mind that evolved to solve specific problems of survival or reproduction; conceptualized as information processing devices.

Question 8

Sexual selection

Answer 8

The evolution of characteristics because of the mating advantage they give organisms.

Question 9

Sexual strategies theory

Answer 9

A comprehensive evolutionary theory of human mating that defines the menu of mating strategies humans pursue (e.g. short-term causal sex, long-term committed mating), the adaptative problems women and men face when pursuing these strategies, and the evolved solutions to these maing problems.

Question 10

Eric comes into work one day to find that a new woman has been hired as the front-desk receptionist. She smiles at him and Eric wonders if she is flirting. The fact is she was simply being friendly and professional. Eric has fallen victim to the ___ bias.

Answer 10

Sexual overperception bias.

Question 11

___ is a process of sexual selection by which members of one sex compete with each other, with the victors gaining enhanced mating access to members of the opposite sex.

Answer 11

Intrasexual competiton.

Question 12

___ theory deals with the evolution of cognitive biases that lead to judgements and decisions we make in situations of uncertainty.

Answer 12

Error management.