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Question 1

Free exercise clause

Answer 1

Second clause of the first amendment; prohibits government from unduly interfering with the free exercise of religion

Question 2

Wall of Seperation

Answer 2

Phrase by Thomas Jefferson; the government should not establish an official church or restrict worship

Question 3

Article VI

Answer 3

Bans any religious qualification to hold public office

Question 4

Everson v. Board of Education

Answer 4

Challenge to New Jersey law allowing the stage to pay for busing students to parochial schools; ruled constitutional because it benefited students rather than aiding a religion directly (1947)

Question 5

Parochial school

Answer 5

School operated by a church or religious group

Question 6

Board of Education v. Allen

Answer 6

Upheld state programs that provide secular textbooks to parochial school

Question 7

Wolman v. Walter

Answer 7

Banned state-supported bus transportation for field trips

Question 8

Lemon Test

Answer 8

Used to decide whether state aid to church schools violates the establishment clause

Question 9

Lemon v. Kurtzman

Answer 9

Case that brought forth the lemon test (1971)

Question 10

Lemon Test questions

Answer 10

1. Does it have a clear nonreligious purpose?
2. Does it neither advance nor inhibit religion?
3. Does it avoid excessive government entanglement with religion?

Question 11

Secular

Answer 11

Nonreligious

Question 12

Levitt v. Committee for Public Education

Answer 12

Court voided a New York plan to help pay for parochial schools to develop testing programs (1973)

Question 13

Committee of Public Education v. Regan

Answer 13

Court permitted New York State to pay parochial schools to administer and grade tests (1980)

Question 14

Mueller v. Allen

Answer 14

Court upheld Minnesota law allowing parents to deduct tuition, textbooks, and transportation to and from school from their state income tax

Question 15

Mitchell v. Helms

Answer 15

Court ruled that taxpayer funds oils be used to provide religious schools with equipment so long as the equipment is not used for religious purposes

Question 16

Kiryas Joel v. Grumet

Answer 16

Court ruled that the state of NY could not create a public school district solely to benefit a community of Hasidic Jews

Question 17

McCollum v. Board of Education

Answer 17

Court ruled program in which religious teachers came to school once a week and gave instruction to students who desires it unconstitutional because school classrooms were being used for religious purposes (justice Hugo Black)

Question 18

Zorach v. Clauson

Answer 18

Court accepted a NYC program that allowed religious instruction during the school day but away from the public schools

Question 19

Engel v. Vitale

Answer 19

Court ruled regent’s prayed unconstitutional

Question 20

Abington School District v. Schempp and Murray v. Curlett

Answer 20

Court banned school-sponsored Bible reading and recitation of the Lord’s Prayer in public schools

Question 21

Wallace v. Jaffree

Answer 21

Court struck down an Alabama law requiring teachers do observe a moment of silence for “meditation or voluntary prayer” at the start of each school day

Question 22

Santa Fe Independent School District v. Doe

Answer 22

Supreme Court ruled that public school districts cannot let students lead stadium crowds in prayer before football games

Question 23

Equal access Act

Answer 23

Allows public public high schools receiving federal funds to permit student religious groups to hold meetings in the school

Question 24

Epperson v. Arkansas

Answer 24

Justices voided an Arkansas law that banned teaching of evolution in public schools

Question 25

Edwards v. Aguillard

Answer 25

Court ruled the law requiring the teaching of creationism violated the establishment clause because its primary purpose was "to endorse a particular religious doctrine"

Question 26

Lynch v. Donnelly

Answer 26

Court allowed Pawtucket to display a nativity scene with secular items such as a Christmas tree and a sleigh and reindeer

Question 27

Allegheny county v. ACLU

Answer 27

Court ruled that a publicly funded nativity scene by itself violated the constitution

Question 28

Marsh v. Chambers

Answer 28

Justices noted that prayers have been offered in legislatures since colonial times and that unlike students legislators are not "susceptible to religious indoctrination"

Question 29

First Amendment also forbid laws...

Answer 29

"Prohibiting the free exercise" of religion

Question 30

Reynold v. US

Answer 30

Mormon who lives in Utah has two wives and was convicted of polygamy, his religion allowed it but the federal government didn't, he appealed his conviction claiming that the law abridged freedom of religion but his conviction was upheld

Question 31

What did the Reynolds case establish?

Answer 31

That people are not free to worship in ways that violate laws that protect the health, safety, or morals of the community

Question 32

Jacobson v. Massachusetts

Answer 32

Court upheld compulsory vaccination laws even though some religions prohibit it

Question 33

Oregon v. Smith

Answer 33

Court denied unemployment benefits to a worker who was fired for using drugs as part of a religious ceremony

Question 34

Religious freedom restoration act

Answer 34

Passed to overturn the principle set forth in the smith case; stated that Lille can perform religious rituals unless they are prohibited by a narrowly tailored law and that congress can set aside state laws that violate this principle

Question 35

City of Boerne, Texas v. Flores

Answer 35

Ruled religious freedom restoration act unconstitutional

Question 36

Wisconsin v. Yoder

Answer 36

Court decided that the state could not require Amish parents to send their children to public school be on the eighth-grade

Question 37

Minersville school district v. Gobitis

Answer 37

Court upheld the school regulation the flag was a patriotic symbol the court ruled in acquiring the salute did not infringe on religious freedom

Question 38

West Virginia State Board of education v. Barnette

Answer 38

Patriotism could be achieved without forcing people to violate their religious beliefs

Question 39

Establishment Clause

Answer 39

First clause of the first amendment; states that "Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion"