Pain Cycle Flashcards
1
Q
What is the simple pain cycle
A
- Pain
- Muscle tension
- Reduced circulation
- Muscle inflammation
- Reduced movement
- Pain
2
Q
Define nociceptive
A
- sensitive to noxious stimuli that elicit tissue damage & activate nociceptors
3
Q
Describe nociceptors
A
- they are free sensory nerve endings or receptors
- found in the skin, muscle, joints, bone, & viscera
- they detect signals from damaged tissue or respond to chemicals released from the damaged tissue
- stimulus is converted into an action potential in the pain nerve fibers
4
Q
What causes pain
A
- changes in pressure/edema release chemicals that stimulate nociceptive mechanoreceptors which causes pain
5
Q
What causes reduced circulation
A
- muscle guarding
6
Q
What causes muscle spasm
A
- without adequate blood flow muscles become tight & spasm occurs
7
Q
What does spasm result in
A
- it results in further guarding, reduced movement, & greater pain
8
Q
What is the biopsychosocial model
A
- it’s an interdisciplinary model that looks at the interconnections between biology, psychology, & socio-environmental factors
9
Q
What is the physical vicious circle
A
- Pain
- Activity avoidance
- Progressive deconditioning
- Pain with decreasing activity
- Further activity avoidance
- Further deconditioning
- Pain
10
Q
What is the psychological vicious circle
A
- Pain
- Increased perception of pain
- Depression
- Improverished mood
- Anger, anxiety, fear, distress ect.
- Pain
