Pancreas Patho Flashcards
(54 cards)
Inflammatory disease producing temporary pancreatic changes. Dx is usually based on clinical and laboratory findings.
Acute pancreatitis
Most common casues of acute pancreatitis (2).
gallstones (40%)
ETOH (35%)
Sonographic finding in acute pancreatitis?
enlarged pancreas
hypoechoic gland
_______ can take several different directions: resolution, pseudocyst formation, or chronic.
Pancreatitis
Complications from acute pancreatitis (7)
psedocyst formation abscess pancreatic necrosis hemorrhage venous thrombosis pseudoaneurysm formation pancreatic phlegmon (focal pancreatitis)
_______ _________ is an inflammatory mass formed by edema and leakage of pancrearic enzymes. Forms as a complication of acute pancreatitis.
Pancreatic phlegmon (focal pancreatitis)
What is a phlegmon?
A speading inflammatory reaction to an infection which forms a suppurative lesion.
Irreversible destruction due to repeated bouts of pancreatic inflammation.
Chronic pancreatitis
Causes of chornic pancreatitis (7)
ETOH (most common) autoimmune pancreatitis hereditary pancreatitis cystic fibrosis congenital abnormalities (pancreas divisum) abdominal trauma idopathic chronic pancreatitis (20-30%)
What lab values are found with acute attacks of pancreatitis.
Elevated amylase and lipase are elevated only during acute attacks
Sonographic findings with chronic pancreatitis
small/echogenic gland calcifications pncreatic duct dilatation pseudocyst formation bile duct dilatation portal vein thrombosis
True pancrearic cysts are rare and of multiple, then associated with _______ _____ _____ ______ disease and ____ ______-_______ syndrome.
autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
von Hippel-Lindau syndrome
Exocrine gland disorder resulting in viscous secretions casuing pancreatic dysfunction.
Cystic fibrosis
Why might a child have a hypoechoic pancreas?
Cystic Fibrosis
Meconium ileus is a common associated condition
Ultrasound findings associated with cystic fibrosis.
increased pancreatic echogenicity
gland atrophy
fibrosis and fatty replacement
cysts due to ductal obstruction
_______ are the accumulation of the oancrearyic fluid and necrotic debris confined by the retroperitoneum. Occurs in an attempt to wall off the pnacreatic secretions to prevent further tissue damage.
Pseudocyst
Pseudocysts contain high amounts of ____, _____, _____.
amylase, lipase, trysin
Common casues of pancreatic pseudocysts (5)
acute pancreatitis chronic pancreatitis pancreatic trauma pancreatic ductal obstruction pancreatic neoplasms
The pancreas is located within the ____ ______ space of the retroperitoneum.
anterior pararenal
-when the exudative fluid extravasates from the pancreas it fills this space
When the exudative fluid extravasates from the pancreas it fills the _____ ______ space. After disruption of the posterior parietal peritoneum, overlying the anterior border of the pancreas, fluid enters the _____ peritoneal sac.
anterior pararenal space
lesser peritoenal sac
*pick lesser sac if pararenal space is not an option
Where do pseudocysts more commonly occur?
pancreatic tail
Failure of the dorsal and ventral pancreatic ductal systems to fuse during embryonic development resulting in the smaller Santorini’s duct draining the pancreas.
Pancreas Divisum
Pancreas Divisum may lead to inadequate pancreatic enzyme drainage and _______.
pancreatitis
Congenital anomaly where the ventral pancreas encircles the second portion of the duodenum.
annular pancreas
