PANCREATIC ENZYMES

Question 1

Systematic name of Amylase (AMS)

Answer 1

Alpha 1,4 glucan-4-glucohydrolase

Question 2

Amylase is a ______ that catalyzes the breakdown of _______ via α, 1-6 branching linkages

Answer 2

DIGESTIVE ENZYME, starch and glycogen

Question 3

Amylase is involved in carbohydrates (polysaccharides) ________ and _______

Answer 3

digestion & absorption

Question 4

The SMALLEST enzyme in biologic system

Answer 4

Amylase (AMS)

Question 5

the only enzyme that is normally filtered by the renal glomerulus and secreted in urine

Answer 5

Amylase

Question 6

Amylase major tissue sources

Answer 6

Pancreas (acinar cells) & Salivary Glands

Question 7

Amylase minor tissue sources

Answer 7

Fallopian tube, Adipose tissue, Small intestine, Skeletal muscles

Question 8

Amylase is increased in

Answer 8

Acute pancreatitis, renal failure & parotitis

Question 9

Causes of ACUTE PANCREATITIS

Answer 9

Overeating, alcohol

Question 10

Overeating, alcohol attack occurs during

Answer 10

deep sleep

Question 11

Amylase level is increased _______ after the onset of pancreatitis _______

Answer 11

2-12 hours, (1st enzyme to elevate)

Question 12

Peak level of amylase is seen after _______ Normalizes within _______. Remains elevated in urine for _______

Answer 12

24 hours, 3-5 days, 1 week

Question 13

In renal failure, urine amylase _______, because most of the amylase is ________

Answer 13

decreases, reabsorbed

Question 14

Urine amylase decreases =

Answer 14

Plasma amylase increases

Question 15

inflammation of the parotid glands (major salivary gland)

Answer 15

PAROTITIS

Question 16

PAROTITIS disease association

Answer 16

Mumps

Question 17

Amylase isoenzymes

Answer 17

Salivary Amylase
Pancreatic Amylase

Question 18

ptyalin (fast moving type) (s type)

Answer 18

Salivary Amylase

Question 19

amylopsin (slow moving type; less anodic) (p type)

Answer 19

Pancreatic Amylase

Question 20

Major isoenzyme for amylase

Answer 20

Pancreatic Amylase

Question 21

Measures the disappearance of starch substrate

Answer 21

Amyloclastic

Question 22

Starch-Iodine Complex (Dark-blue) →

Answer 22

decrease in color intensity

Question 23

Iodine can stain starch as _______ (initial color) and as the starch is converted into a simpler form, the color of the iodine color reaction __________ , decreasing its _______.

Answer 23

dark-blue
decreases in intensity
absorbance

Question 24

The activity of amylase is _________ to absorbance of the test

Answer 24

inversely proportional

Question 25

Measures the appearance of the product

Answer 25

Saccharogenic

Question 26

In saccharogenic methodology, the measurement of the reducing sugar (product) is __________ to the activity of amylase to polysaccharide substrate

Answer 26

directly proportional

Question 27

Measures the increasing color from production of product - chromogenic dye fragment

Answer 27

Chromogenic

Question 28

Coupling of several enzyme system to monitor amylase activity

Answer 28

Continuous Monitoring

Question 29

In continuous monitoring, the Secondary/ Coupling Enzymes (present in the reagent)

Answer 29

a-glucosidase, Hexokinase, & Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase

Question 30

Systematic name of Lipase (LPS)

Answer 30

Triacylglycerol acyl hydrolase

Question 31

Lipase is a _______ that hydrolyzes the ester linkages of fats to produce _______. Targets the ________ in fats

Answer 31

DIGESTIVE ENZYME alcohols and fatty acids ester bonds

Question 32

Larger molecule and remains longer in circulation

Answer 32

Lipase (7days)

Question 33

It is not normally filtered in the kidneys

Answer 33

Lipase (LPS)

Question 34

Lipase (LPS) major tissue source

Answer 34

Pancreas (PANCREAS SPECIFIC)

Question 35

Lipase (LPS) substrates

Answer 35

Triacylglycerol, Alcohol, Release of Fatty Acids

Question 36

Lipase Lipid Metabolism 4 pathways

Answer 36

1- Intestinal Absorption Pathway: where pancreatic lipase is involved 2- Exogenous Pathway 3- Endogenous Pathway 4- reverse Transport Pathway (for cholesterol)

Question 37

EARLY & SPECIFIC marker for Acute Pancreatitis

Answer 37

Lipase

Question 38

In detecting acute pancreatitis, ______ is faster but ______is more specific

Answer 38

Amylase Lipase

Question 39

Lipase is increased ______ after the onset of pancreatitis. Peak level is seen after and stays elevated up to

Answer 39

6 hours 24 hours 7 days

Question 40

Reference method for Lipase

Answer 40

Cherry Crandall

Question 41

Substrate of Cherry Crandall and Tietz

Answer 41

50% Olive Oil (triolein) Triolein is a more pure form of triglyceride, 50% because there is water (for hydrolysis to happen)

Question 42

Titrating agent of Cherry Crandall and Tietz

Answer 42

0.4N NaOH Titrating agents is required because fatty acid release is being determined

Question 43

Cherry Crandall indicator

Answer 43

Phenolphthalein

Question 44

Cherry Crandall end color

Answer 44

PINK

Question 45

Tietz end color

Answer 45

BLUE

Question 46

Tietz indicator

Answer 46

Thymolphthalein + Veronal

Question 47

Cherry Crandall and Tietz end point

Answer 47

Fatty Acid (Oleic Acid)

Question 48

Estimation of liberated fatty acids

Answer 48

Turbidimetric Methods

Question 49

The substrate (triglyceride) is _____, thus it is ______ to water and is ______

Answer 49

hydrophobic, INSOLUBLE, nonpolar

Question 50

Lipase interferences

Answer 50

Hemolysis inhibits lipase activity (falsely decreased)

Question 51

Presence of ______ can inhibit the enzymatic activity of lipase to substrate

Answer 51

hemoglobin