Paper 2 Questions Flashcards
(13 cards)
How do rivalries cause hooliganism?
passion at derby matches between local teams can overspill into violent behaviour
How does hype cause hooliganism?
the media can build up the importance of a match and run stories which antagonise supports which may incite them to behave badly
How do alcohol/drugs cause hooliganism?
it is argued that alcohol and drugs lessen inhibition so people may get involved in things they may not normally
How does gang culture cause hooliganism?
it is thought to be linked to tribal behaviour where gangs protect their local area or patch from the away fans
How does frustration cause hooliganism?
a poor decision by the referee or result for a team can cause their supporters to become angry which can result in violence
How does display of masculinity cause hooliganism?
it is thought individuals could take part in hooliganism by shouting, punching, kicking in an attempt to impress others
Discuss how effective early kicks are to reduce hooliganism
- prevents excessive alcohol consumption before a game as less time can be spent in the pub so that fans are more in control of their actions
- can lead to fans drinking elsewhere which means that excessive consumption occurs earlier that can lead to disorder later in the day
Discuss how effective segregation of fans are to reduce hooliganism
- rival fans are kept apart within the grounds which reduces the chance of violence or disorder as they do not come into direct contact with each other
- however, violence still occurs and is often away from the stadiums in town centres/railway stations as hooligans look to avoid police and being identified
Define media
a means of mass communication
Identify four positive effects that the media in sport has on the
audience/spectators.
- Spectators can watch their team/sport on the TV or the internet (1)
- Can educate the viewers watching at home on the TV or the internet via commentary or specific
documentaries (1) - Provides information on results and rankings (1)
- Instant reviews and close-up replays are available to viewers (1)
Identify four negative effects that the media in sport has on performers
- Can increase the pressure to perform if the event/match is televised (1)
- Any mistakes made can become very public (1)
- Increased focus on their private life (1)
- Training can be disrupted by carrying out media duties (1)
Discuss the positive and negative effects of the use of technology in sport (5)
+ can enable the spectators to see how and why decisions have been made
+ makes competition fairer as decisions by the officials can be checked
- technology may not be available at all levels of sports as it is expensive to buy and install
- officials can become reliant on technology to make decisions
- too many video reviews could slow down the game which annoys spectators
Define ‘open skill’
A skill which is performed in a certain way to deal with a changing or unstable environment
