Parasites: Helminths - Trematodes and Cestodes

Question 1

Cestodes

Answer 1

1. Taenia Genus
2. Taenia Saginata
3. Taenia solium

Question 2

cattle are intermediate hosts of

Answer 2

Taenia saginata

Question 3

pigs are intermediate hosts of

Answer 3

Taenia solium

Question 4

Taenia solium has characteristic

Answer 4

hooks on its scolex (head)

Question 5

neurocysticercosis

Answer 5

is an infection of the CNS that can develop following ingestion of Taenia solium eggs

Question 6

Taenia solium eggs

Answer 6

can be transmitted via feces-contaminated water

Question 7

neurocysticercosis (a CNS infection caused by Taenia solium cestodes) can lead to

Answer 7

seizures

Question 8

neurocysticercosis (a CNS infection caused by Taenia solium cestodes) shows characteristic

Answer 8

swiss cheese-like brain lesions on CT scan

Question 9

ingestion of Taenia solium eggs (often from consumption of water contaminated by animal feces) can lead to

Answer 9

neurocysticercosis if parasites disseminate from the small intestine to the CNS

Question 10

____________ is effective against taeniasis

Answer 10

parziquentel

Question 11

treatment of neurocysticercosis (a CNS infection caused by Taenia solium cestodes) requires

Answer 11

the addition of albendazole

Question 12

Diphyllobothrium latum

Answer 12

(also known as fish tapeworm (a cestode))

Question 13

Diphyllobothrium latum can be transmitted via

Answer 13

ingestion of undercooked fish

Question 14

Diphyllobothrium latum can cause

Answer 14

B12 deficiency, which may lead to megaloblastic anemia

Question 15

Diphyllobothrium latum infection is associated with

Answer 15

cobalamin (B12) deficiency

Question 16

Diphyllobothrium latum can lead to

Answer 16

megaloblastic anemia (due to consumption of B12)

Question 17

Diphyllobothrium latum can exceed

Answer 17

10 meters in length, making it the longest tapeworm

Question 18

proglottid segments of Diphyllobothrium latum can be seen on

Answer 18

stool exam

Question 19

_________ is effective against Diphyllobothrium latum

Answer 19

1. parziquantel

2. niclosamide

Question 20

Echinococcus granulosus

Answer 20

a cestode

Question 21

________ are definitive hosts for Echinococcus granulosus

Answer 21

dogs

Question 22

________ are intermediate hosts for Echinococcus granulosus

Answer 22

sheep

Question 23

Echinococcus granulosus eggs are transmitted via

Answer 23

dog feces

Question 24

echinococcal liver cysts show

Answer 24

eggshell calcifications on abdominal CT

Question 25

Echinococcus granulosus infection can lead to

Answer 25

hydatid cyst formation in the liver

Question 26

rupture of hydatid cysts caused by Echinococcus granulosus can lead to

Answer 26

an anaphylactic reaction

Question 27

_________ is seen in Echinococcus granulosus infection

Answer 27

eosinophilia

Question 28

free-living Schistosoma spp. cercariae are found in

Answer 28

aquatic environments, putting swimmers at risk of infection

Question 29

_______ are intermediate hosts of Schistosoma spp.

Answer 29

snails

Question 30

Schistosoma spp. trematodes mature in the

Answer 30

liver

Question 31

Schistosoma spp. trematodes migrate against

Answer 31

portal blood flow

Question 32

Schistosoma mansoni

Answer 32

a trematode

Question 33

Schistosoma japonicum

Answer 33

a trematode

Question 34

eggs of Schistosoma mansoni have a

Answer 34

lateral spine

Question 35

eggs of Schistosoma japonicum have a

Answer 35

small spine, making them appear round

Question 36

Schistosoma spp. can cause

Answer 36

swimmer’s itch (an allergic reaction to Schistosoma trematodes that manifests as a rash, typically on the lower legs)

Question 37

schistosomiasis can cause

Answer 37

cirrhosis and periportal fibrosis, which may lead to portal hypertension

Question 38

hepatitis caused by schistosomiasis can present with

Answer 38

jaundice

Question 39

Schistosoma haematobium

Answer 39

a trematode

Question 40

eggs of Schistosoma haematobium have a

Answer 40

large terminal spine

Question 41

schistosomiasis of the urinary tract can present with

Answer 41

hematuria

Question 42

schistosomiasis is a risk factor for

Answer 42

squamous cell bladder cancer

Question 43

_______ is effective against Schistosoma spp.

Answer 43

parziquantel

Question 44

_______ are intermediate hosts of Clonorchis sinensis

Answer 44

snails

Question 45

Clonorchis sinensis

Answer 45

a trematode

Question 46

Clonorchis sinensis infects the

Answer 46

biliary tree (including the gallbladder and bile ducts)

Question 47

Clonorchis sinensis can cause

Answer 47

sclerosing cholangitis (inflammation and destruction of bile ducts that can lead to hepatic failure)

Question 48

Clonorchis sinensis infection is a risk factor for

Answer 48

cholangiocarcinoma (malignancy of the biliary epithelium)

Question 49

Clonorchis sinensis infection can cause

Answer 49

pigmented gallstones

Question 50

eggs of Clonorchis sinensis are

Answer 50

operculated

Question 51

________ is effective against Clonorchis sinensis

Answer 51

praziquantel

Question 52

Paragonimus westermani

Answer 52

a trematode

Question 53

Paragonimus westermani trematodes infect

Answer 53

the lungs, causing chronic cough and hemoptysis

Question 54

_______ are intermediate hosts of Paragonimus westermani

Answer 54

snails

Question 55

Paragonimus westermani is transmitted via

Answer 55

consumption of raw or undercooked seafood

Question 56

eggs of Paragonimus westermani are

Answer 56

operculated

Question 57

_____ is effective against Paragonimus westermani

Answer 57

praziquantel