Parasites: Protozoa of the Intestinal Tract

Question 1

List the protozoa of the Intestinal Tract

Answer 1

1. Giardia Lambia
2. Entamoeba Histolytica
3. Cryptosporidium Spp.

Question 2

Giardia Lamblia transmission is

Answer 2

fecal-oral

Question 3

Giardia lamblia forms

Answer 3

infectious cysts that are passed through stool

Question 4

Giardia lamblia infection is associated with

Answer 4

hikers and campers

Question 5

Giardia lamblia is transmitted through

Answer 5

poorly purified drinking water

Question 6

giardiasis often presents with

Answer 6

foul-smelling, non-bloody, frothy diarrhea

Question 7

giardiasis can cause

Answer 7

malabsorption, which may lead to steatorrhea (fatty diarrhea)

Question 8

the flagellated trophozoites of Giardia lamblia have a

Answer 8

distinctive pear-shaped morphology

Question 9

the presence of Giardia lamblia trophozoites in the stool is diagnostic of

Answer 9

giardiasis

Question 10

What is diagnostic of giardiasis

Answer 10

the presence of Giardia lamblia trophozoites in the stool is diagnostic of giardiasis

Question 11

a stool O&P (microscopic examination of the feces to detect the presence of ova and parasites) can be used to diagnose

Answer 11

giardiasis

Question 12

diagnosis of giardiasis can be done by detection of stool antigen with an

Answer 12

ELISA

Question 13

_____________ is effective against Giardia lamblia

Answer 13

metronidazole

Question 14

Entamoeba histolytica forms

Answer 14

infectious cysts that are passed through stool

Question 15

humans can contract amebiasis by

Answer 15

eating food or drinking water contaminated with infectious Entamoeba histolytica cysts

Question 16

amebiasis

Answer 16

is associated with men who have sex with men (Entamoeba histolytica can be transmitted via anal-oral sexual contact)

Question 17

the right lobe of the liver is the most common site of

Answer 17

amebic liver abscess

Question 18

hepatic amebiasis can present with

Answer 18

right upper quadrant pain

Question 19

amebic liver abscesses are described as having

Answer 19

an “anchovy paste” consistency

Question 20

intestinal amebiasis can present with

Answer 20

focal ulceration of the intestinal mucosa

Question 21

ulcers seen in intestinal amebiasis typically appear

Answer 21

flask-shaped on microscopy

Question 22

ulceration of the intestinal mucosa in intestinal amebiasis can result in

Answer 22

bloody diarrhea

Question 23

a stool O&P (microscopic examination of the feces to detect the presence of ova and parasites) can be used to diagnose

Answer 23

Entamoeba histolytica infection

Question 24

Entamoeba histolytica trophozoites with endocytosed RBCs is pathognomonic of

Answer 24

amebiasis

Question 25

intestinal biopsy may show flask-shaped lesions in

Answer 25

intestinal amebiasis

Question 26

the treatment for amebiasis includes

Answer 26

metronidazole

Question 27

_______, a luminal agent, is used to eliminate Entamoeba histolytica cysts in the lumen of the intestine

Answer 27

1. paromomycin | 2. iodoquinol

Question 28

cryptosporidiosis is a common cause of

Answer 28

diarrhea in HIV-positive patients

Question 29

cryptosporidiosis can present with

Answer 29

watery, copious diarrhea in immunocompromised patients

Question 30

Cryptosporidium spp. protozoa stain

Answer 30

partially acid-fast

Question 31

Cryptosporidium spp. protozoa form

Answer 31

infectious cysts that are passed through stool

Question 32

the cysts of Cryptosporidium spp. protozoa are composed of

Answer 32

4 motile sporozoites

Question 33

Cryptosporidium spp. sporozoites infect and reproduce in

Answer 33

epithelial cells of the intestinal tract, causing cellular damage

Question 34

_______ can be used to treat cryptosporidiosis in immunocompetent patients

Answer 34

nitazoxanide

Question 35

filtration can remove ________ from contaminated water

Answer 35

filtration can remove Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts from contaminated water

Question 36

______ is useful for treatment of cryptosporidiosis in immunocompromised patients

Answer 36

spiramycin