Microbiology: Microbiology Systems Flashcards
(245 cards)
How is Toxoplasma gondii characteristically transmitted?
Through cat feces or ingestion of undercooked meat
What organism causes both watery diarrhea and gas gangrene?
Clostridium perfringens
What are the sensitivity and specificity, respectively, of the ESR and CRP laboratory assays in the work-up for osteomyelitis?
Elevated values are sensitive for osteomyelitis, but not specific
What pathogen is associated with infection related to water aerosols?
Legionella
What virus is associated with genital herpes?
Herpes simplex virus-2, less commonly herpes simplex virus-1
What pathogens are likely responsible for infection related to intravascular catheters?
Staphylococcus aureus (including MRSA), Staphylococcus epidermidis (from long-term intravascular catheter use), Enterobacter
What pathogen is higher risk in unvaccinated individuals and presents with postauricular lymphadenopathy and a descending rash?
Rubella virus
What causes of pneumonia are associated with alcoholism?
Klebsiella and anaerobes secondary to aspiration (eg, Fusobacterium, Peptostreptococcus, Prevotella, Bacteroides)
What cause of pneumonia is associated with “currant jelly” sputum?
Klebsiella
When does chemical conjunctivitis present?
1-2 days after birth
Name the organisms that cause condylomata acuminata.
Human papillomavirus 6 and 11
Name the 6 organisms/agents that cause the ToRCHeS infections.
ToRCHeS: Toxoplasma gondii, Rubella, Cytomegalovirus, HIV, Herpes simplex virus type 2, Syphilis
What virus is responsible for chickenpox?
Varicella-zoster
How does conjunctivitis caused by chlamydia present?
Mild to severe hyperemia and thick, possibly bloody, mucopurulent discharge
What microorganism is associated with a food-borne illness from poultry, meat, and eggs?
Salmonella
When does neonatal conjunctivitis from gonorrhea present?
2-5+ days after birth
What UTI-causing organism is associated with a fruity odor and blue-green tint?
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, often acquired nosocomially
What pathogens are likely responsible for a nosocomial infection caused by decubitus ulcers, surgical wounds, or drains?
Staphylococcus aureus (including MRSA) or gram ⊖ anaerobes (eg, Bacteroides, Prevotella, Fusobacterium)
What STI presents with a painless, beefy red ulcerative genital lesion that bleeds on examination?
Donovanosis (or granuloma inguinale) caused by Klebsiella [Calymmatobacterium] granulomatis
Why is MRI better than radiographs for the diagnosis of osteomyelitis?
MRIs detect acute infection and detail anatomic involvement; radiographs are insensitive in early detection of osteomyelitis, although may be useful for chronic cases
What is the pathophysiology of lymphogranuloma venereum?
Infection of the lymphatics caused by Chlamydia trachomatis
What physical exam findings may be seen in Legionella infections?
Signs of pneumonia, neurologic abnormalities, and gastrointestinal symptoms (eg, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting)
Patients with chronic granulomatous disease are prone to infection by which organisms?
Catalase ⊕ microbes, especially Staphylococcus aureus
What virus is responsible for rubeola?
Measles