Parasitology Flashcards
(153 cards)
1
Q
MOA of permethrin
A
neuronal membrane depolarization via Na+ channels
2
Q
MOA of malathion
A
Ach inhibitor
3
Q
MOA of Lindane
A
blocks GABA channels → neurotoxicity
4
Q
mediates adherence of E hystolytica
A
lectin
5
Q
mediates penetration of E hystolytica
A
amebapores
6
Q
mediates cytopathic effect of E hystolytica
A
cysteine proteases
7
Q
MC extraintestinal form of E. histolytica
A
amebic liver abscess
posteriosuperior aspect
8
Q
Examples of tissue amebicides
A
chloroquine, emetines, metronidazole, tinidazole
9
Q
Examples of luminal amebicides
A
diloxanide furoate, iodoquinol, paromomycin
10
Q
DOC for asymptomatic, intestinal amebiasis
A
Diloxanide furoate
11
Q
DOC for mild to moderate intestinal amebiasis
A
metronidazole + luminal agent
12
Q
DOC for severe intestinal amebiasis, hepatic abscess and other extraintestinal disease
A
metronidazole or tinidazole + luminal agent
13
Q
morphologically similar to E. histolytica but DNA and ribosomal RNA are different
A
Entamoeba dispar
14
Q
smaller than E. histolytica and does not ingest RBCs
A
Entamoeba hartmanni
15
Q
has a larger cyst and greater no of nuclei than E. histolytica
A
E. coli
16
Q
parasite of pigs and mokeys, uninucleated cyst
A
E. polecki
17
Q
has no cyst stage, does not inhabit intestines , transmitted via kissing or droplet spray
A
E. gingivalis
18
Q
small size, sluggish movement
A
Endolimax nana
19
Q
no peripheral chromatin granules
A
Iodamoeba butschii
20
Q
falling leaf motility
A
giardia lamblia
21
Q
String test
A
giardia lamblia
22
Q
old man with eyeglasses
A
G. duodenalis
23
Q
excessive flatus smelling like rotten eggs
A
acute giardiasis
24
Q
constipation, weight loss and steatorrhea
A
chronic giardiasis
25
infective and diagnostic stage of cryptosporidium
thick-walled oocysts
26
most heavily infested site for cryptosporidium
jejunum
27
DOC for cryptosporidium
Nitazoxanide
28
exists only as a trophozoite
trichomonas vaginalis
29
most important parasitic disease in man
plasmodium
30
infective and diagnostic stage of malaria
sporozoites
| trophozoites (ring forms)
31
recurrence of symptoms after temporary abatement (2-4 wks)
recrudescence
32
return of a disease after its apparent cessation (1-6 mos) due to reactivation of hypnozoites
relapse
33
Maurer dots
| coarse granulations
P falciparum
34
Ziemann dots
| fine dots
P. malariae
35
Schuffner dots
| punctate granulations
P. ovale and vivax
36
infected RBC with 1-2 small chromatin dots
P. falciparum
37
infected RBC with presence of ring form stage ONLY
P. falciparum
38
infected RBC with presence of band form stages
P. malariae
39
Durck granulomas
cerebral malaria
40
blackwater fever
acute renal failure in malaria
41
algid
malaria
42
tissue schizonticides and gametocides
primaquine
43
blood schizonticides
chloroquine, quinine
44
sporonticides
proguanil and pyrimethamine
45
DOC for chloroquine-sensitive P. falciparum and P. malariae infections
Chloroquine
46
DOC for P. vivax and ovale infections
Chloroquine + Primaquine
47
Uncomplicated infections with chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum
Quinine + doxycycline or Clindamycin
48
Severe or uncomplicated infections with P, falciparum
Artesunate + Doxy/ Clinda
OR
Mefloquine/Maarone
OR
Quinidine gluconate
49
prophylactic drug- areas w/o resistance P. fal
chloroquine
50
prophylactic drug- areas w chloroquine-resistant P. fal
malarone/mefloquine
51
prophylactic drug- areas w multidrug-resistant P. fal
Doxycycline
52
terminal prophylaxid of P vivax and P. ovale infections; alternative for primary prevention
Primaquine
53
definitive host of toxoplasma
domestic cat
54
how is toxoplasma transmitted
ingestion of cysts in raw meat, contaminated food
| transplacental
55
infective and diagnostic stage of toxoplasma
inf: fecal oocysts
| dx stage: trophozoite (bradyzoites)
56
For the dx of acute and congenital toxoplasmosis
IgM Ab
57
crescent-shaped trophozoites
acute toxoplasma infection
58
ring enhancing lesions
toxoplasmosis encephalitis
59
heterophil negative mononucleosis
immunocompetent toxoplasmosis
60
abortion, stilbirth, chorioretinitis, intracranial calcifications
congenital toxoplasmosis
61
Tx for toxoplasmosis
sulfadiazine + pyrimethamine
if can't receive sulfa drugs → clinda
62
Chagas dse aka
American trypanosomiasis
63
T. cruzi transmitted by
reduviid bug
64
infective stage and dx stage
inf: metacyclic trypomastigotes
| dx stage: trypomastigotes in blood
65
most frequently affected tissue in t. cruzi
cardiac muscle
66
Romana's sign
Acute Chagas dse
67
leading cause of CHF in latin america
Chronic Chagas dse
68
Tx for Chagas dse
Nifurtimox
69
all 4 forms-amastigote, promastigote, epimastigote, trypomastigote
T. cruzi
70
only 2 forms present
epimastigote, trypomastigote
71
remarkable antigenic variation
T. brucei
72
T. brucei transmission
tsetse fly (Glossina)
73
inf and dx stage of t. brucei
inf: metacyclic trypomastigotes
dx: trypomastigotes in blood
74
Kerandel sign
deep hyperesthesia
| T. brucei
75
Winterbottom sign
enlargement of posterior cervical LN
| T. brucei
76
Morula cells of Mott
plasma cells with cytoplasmic Ig globules
T. brucei
77
gambiense transmitted by
Glossina palpalis (riverine tsetse)
78
rhodesiense transmitted by
glossina mortisans (savannah tsetse)
79
DOC for N. fowlerii
Amphotericin B
80
only ciliated protozoan to cause human dse
Balatidium coli
81
Maltese cross
Babesia microti
Babesiosis
82
Tx for babesiosis
mild to moderate: atovaquone + azith
severe: quinidine + clinda
83
leishmaniasis is transmitted by
sandfly (Phlebotomus)
84
Tx for Leishmoniasis
Na stibogluconate
85
Oriental sore
cutaneous leish
L. tropica/mexicana
86
espundia
mucocutaneous leish
L. braziliensis
87
kala-azar
visceral leish
L. donovani
88
DOC for Cyclospora, isospora
TMP-SMX
89
DOC for ascariasis in stable patients older than 12 mos
Albendazole
90
Ascaris lumbricoides:
Trasmission:
Infective stage
Dx stage:
ingstion of eggs
embryonated egg
uembryonated egg
91
New vs old world hookworm
New: necator americanus
Old: ancylostoma duodenale
92
Necator and Ancylostoma:
Transmission
Infective stage
dx stage
larvae penetrate skin
filariform larvae
eggs in feces
93
Trichuris
Transmission
Infective stage
Dx stage
ingestion of eggs
embryonated egg
unembryonated egg
94
barrel-shaped eggs with bipolar plugs
Tricuris trichuria
95
rectal prolapse
Tricuris trichuria
96
Stongyloides
Transmission
Infective stage
Dx stage
larvae penerate skin
filariform larvae
rhabditiform larvae
97
method of incubating fecal material on a filter paper strip in a test tube containing water
Harada Mori culture
| Stringyloides
98
Tx for Strongyloides
Ivermectin
99
only nematode whose life cycle involves a migratory bird
Capillaria philippinensis
100
Capillaria
Transmission
Infective stage
Dx stage
undercooked fish
infective larvae
unembryonated egg
101
"peanut-shaped eggs with flattened bipolar plugs"
Capillaria philippinensis
102
borborygmus
| protein-losing enteropathy
Capillaria philippinensis
103
Wuchereria and Brugia
Transmission
Infective stage
Dx stage
mosquito bite
3rd stage larvae
microfilariae
104
when is specimen for wuchereria and brugia best collected
between 8pm and 4am
| -nocturnal periodicity
105
tropical pulmonary eosinophilia
Wuchereria and Brugia
106
Meyers Kouwenaar bodies
Wuchereria and Brugia
small epithelioid granulomas composed of aggregates of microfilariae surrounded by acidophilic hyaline material
107
expatriate syndrome
Wuchereria and Brugia
108
Tx for filariasis
DEC
109
Trichinella
Transmission
Infective stage
Dx stage
undercooked pork
encysted larvae
encysted larvae
110
nurse cell
Trichinella spiralis
111
periorbital edema, hemorrhagic phenomena, respiratory myositis
Trichinella spiralis
112
Tx for Trichinella
Thiabendazole
113
leading cause of preventable blindness in sub-saharan africa
river blindness sec to onchocerca
114
accentuation of keratitis with antifilarial tx
Mazzotti rxn
115
african eye worm
loa loa
116
transmission of loa loa via
deer or mango fly (Chryops)
117
calabar swellings
loa loa
118
tx for loa loa
DEC
119
MCC parasitic meningitis
Angiostrongylus cantonensis
120
oriental blood fluke
schistosoma japonicum
121
intermediate host of schistosoma
Oncomelania hupensis quadrasi
122
Schistosoma japonicum
Transmission
Infective stage
Dx stage
cercariae penetrate skin
cercariae
eggs
123
circumoval precipitin test
dx of schistosoma
124
small lateral spine
S. japonicum
125
prominent lateral spine
S. mansoni
126
terminal spine
S. haematobium
127
Katayama fever
Schistosoma
-systemic HSN like serum sickness
128
swimmer's itch
Schistosoma
129
areas of endemicity of schistosoma
sorsogon, samar, leyte, oriental mindoro, bohol, all of mindanao except misamis oriental
130
lung fluke
paragonimiasis
131
intermediate hosts of paragonimiasis
snail (antemelonia asperata)
mountain crab (Sundathelphusa philippina)
132
paragonimiasis
transmission
infective stage
dx stage
undercooked/ raw crab meat
metacercariae
unembryonated egg
133
ovoid thinner opercular end, thickened abopercular end
Paragonimus
134
CXR: ring-shadowed opacity
Paragonimus
135
asian liver flukes
clonorchis sinensis
| opistorchis viverrini
136
intermediate hosts of clonorchis/ opistorchis
snail (parafossarulus)
| fish (cyprinidae)
137
clonorchis
transmission
infective stage
dx stage
undercooked/ raw fish
metacercariae
embryonated egg
138
Potassium permanganate stain
Clonorchis
ovoid with melon-like ridges and abopercular protruberance
139
assoc with cholangioCA
Clonorchis
140
Taenia diff based on
scolex and gravid proglottids
solium: (+) rostellum
proglottids with less branching
141
Taenia
transmission
infective stage
dx stage
undercooked pork/meat
cysticerci (both)
eggs (T. solium)
gravid proglottids
142
In neurocysticercosis, man is ___ host
accidental intermediate host
143
Tx for taeniasis
Praziquantel
144
has 2 elongated sucking grooves for attachment
D. latum
145
operculated eggs
D. latum
146
intermediate hosts for D. latum
fish and copepods
147
D. latum
transmission
infective stage
dx stage
undercooked fish
plerocercoid larvae
unembryonated egg
148
composed of scolex and only 3 proglottids
E. granulosus
149
intermediate host for echinococcus
sheep/man
150
definitive host for echinococcus
dog
151
E. granulosus
transmission
infective stage
dx stage
ingestion of eggs
embryonated egg
hydatid cysts
152
most freq found tapeworm in developed countries
H. nana
153
MC tapeworm of dogs and cats
Dipylidium caninum
