Parathyroid Drugs and Calcium Homeostasis

Question 1

Primary hormonal regulators of Ca+2 metabolism

Answer 1

Parathormone
Vitamin D
Calcitonin

Question 2

Secondary hormonal regulators of Ca metabolism

Answer 2

Glucocorticoids
Estrogen
Selective estrogen receptor modulators (raloxifene)

Question 3

Non hormonal regulators of Ca metabolism

Answer 3

Bisphosphonates (alendronate)
Cinacalcet
Thiazides
Sodium fluoride

Question 4

Used in hypoparathyroidism as an adjunct to Ca and vit D to reverse hypocalcemia

Answer 4

PTH (84 amino acids)

Question 5

An anabolic agent stimulating bone formation in treatment of osteoporosis

Answer 5

Teriparatide (a recombinant PTH ) ( 34 amino acids)

Question 6

Low intermittent subcutaneous administration of this drug for up to 2 years stimulates osteoblastic more than osteoclastic

Answer 6

Teriparatide

Question 7

Long term exposure to excessive amounts of PTH can stimulate

Answer 7

Bone resorption more than bone formation

Question 8

Acts on DNA receptor to synthesis protein for Ca transport

Answer 8

Vitamin D

Question 9

When bone Ca is deficient, it increase ca deposition

Answer 9

Vit D

Question 10

Used in treatment of
Hypocalcemia
Hypophosphatemia

Answer 10

Vitamin D

Question 11

Used in treatment of osteoporosis

Answer 11

Vit D

Question 12

Used in treatment of rickets and osteomalacia

Answer 12

Vit D

Question 13

It acts on specific reactors on bone and kidney and decrease serum Ca and Po4

Answer 13

Calcitonin

Question 14

Decrease bone resorption
Decrease calcium absorption
Decrease Ca reabsorption

Answer 14

Calcitonin

Question 15

Used in treatment of
Hypercalcemia
Hyperprolactinemia
Osteoporosis

Answer 15

Salmon CT

Question 16

Increase renal Ca excretion

Answer 16

Glucocorticoids

Question 17

Decrease bone formation

Answer 17

Glucocorticoids

Question 18

Antagonize intestinal Vit D and stimulated Ca absorption

Answer 18

Glucocorticoids

Question 19

Used in treatment of hypercalcemia with lymphoma

Answer 19

Glucocorticoids

Question 20

Used in treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis

Answer 20

Estrogen

Question 21

It’s prolonged cause many side effects such as breast and uterus carcinoma

Answer 21

Estrogen

Question 22

Stimulate estrogen receptors in bones and block them in the breast and uterus (mixed agonist- antagonist)

Answer 22

Selective estrogen receptor modulators ( Raloxifene)

Question 23

They are slowly released from bone during bone remodeling and the terminal half life appears to be greater than 10 years

Answer 23

Bisphosphonates (alendronate)

Question 24

Inhibit osteoclastic cell and induce apoptosis of osteoclasts

Answer 24

Bisphosphonates (alendronate)

Question 25

Used in treatment of osteoporosis

Answer 25

Bisphosphonates ( alendronate)

Question 26

Used in treatment of hypercalcemia associated with malignancy

Answer 26

Bisphosphonates (alendronate)

Question 27

Used in treatment of bone lesion associated with bone metastasis

Answer 27

Bisphosphonates (alendronate)

Question 28

From its side effects Gastrointestinal distress Renal impairment Osteonecrosis of jaw

Answer 28

Bisphosphonates (alendronate)

Question 29

Works by an agonist activation at the calcium sensing receptors Decrease secretion of PTH and lowering of serum calcium levels

Answer 29

Cinacalcet

Question 30

Used in treatment of hyperparathyroidism

Answer 30

Cinacalcet

Question 31

Used in treatment of hypercalcemia associated with parathyroid cancer

Answer 31

Cinacalcet

Question 32

Dec renal Ca excretion through inc effect of PTH in stimulating renal Ca reabsorption

Answer 32

Thiazides

Question 33

Used in prevention of dental caries

Answer 33

Sodium fluoride

Question 34

Treatment of osteoporosis

Answer 34

Na fluoride Vit D Calcitonin Raloxifene Bisphosphonates

Question 35

Causes of hyperglycemia

Answer 35

Hyperparathyroidism Malignancy

Question 36

Management of acute hypercalcemia

Answer 36

Slaine diuresis Hydrocortisone Bisphosphonates Hemodialysis

Question 37

Causes of hypocalcemia

Answer 37

Hypoparathyroidism Chronic renal failure Vit D deficiency

Question 38

Treatment of hypocalcemia

Answer 38

Calcium gluconate Vit D Thiazide diuretics

Question 39

Anti resorptive drugs used in treatment of osteoporosis

Answer 39

Bisphosphonates Selective estrogen receptor modulators (raloxifene) Calcitonin

Question 40

Anabolic drug used in treatment of osteoporosis

Answer 40

Teriparatide

Question 41

Anabolic anti resorptive drugs used in treatment of osteoporosis

Answer 41

Strontium ranelate