Parathyroid glands

Question 1

Parathyroid glands

Answer 1

small, round masses of tissue partially embedded in the posterior surface of the lateral lobe of the thyroid gland.

Question 2

Para =

Answer 2

beside

Question 3

How many epithelial cells does the parathyroid glands contain?

Answer 3

Two

• Chief cells
• Oxyphil cells

Question 4

Chief cells -

Answer 4

also called principal cells produce PTH (parathyroid hormone) also called parathormone.

Question 5

Oxyphil cell

Answer 5

function is unknown but helps to identify the parathyroid gland because of its unique staining characteristics. Also when there is cancer, these cells secrete excess PTH

Question 6

Parathyroid hormone

Answer 6

A major regulator of calcium, magnesium, and ion in the blood. The purpose of PTH is to increase the number and activity of osteoclasts. This allows for elevated bone resorption which releases ionic calcium and phosphates into the blood. Also regulates kidneys with blood and urine & promote formation of the hormone calcitriol, the active form of vitamin D.

Question 7

Control of parathyroid hormone and Calcitonin

Answer 7

The blood calcium level directly controls the secretion of both PTH and Vitamin D via negative feedback loops and do not involve the pituitary gland.