parietal and frontal lobes Flashcards
(21 cards)
What are the anatomical boundaries of the parietal lobe?
Front: Central sulcus; Rear: Parieto-occipital fissure; Below: Lateral sulcus.
What is the main function of the primary somatosensory cortex?
Processes touch, pain, and proprioception (body position awareness).
What famous map did Penfield and Boldrey create and what does it show?
The somatosensory homunculus, showing somatotopic organization of the body.
What are the functions of the intraparietal sulcus and superior parietal lobule?
Support vision-for-action, spatial processing, movement, and attention.
What symptoms are associated with Bálint’s Syndrome?
Optic ataxia, oculomotor apraxia, and simultanagnosia.
What is the role of the right inferior parietal lobule (IPL)?
Detects salient stimuli and controls attention.
What deficit is linked to damage in the right IPL?
Hemispatial neglect.
What function is associated with the left anterior IPL?
Tool use and pantomiming gestures.
What is apraxia and where is it associated in the brain?
Inability to perform purposeful actions; linked to left anterior IPL.
What are some functions of the left posterior IPL?
Reading, semantic processing, memory retrieval, theory of mind.
What are the major subdivisions of the frontal lobe based on cytoarchitecture?
Primary Motor Cortex (BA 4), Premotor Cortex (BA 6, BA 44), Prefrontal Cortex (BA 8–11, 45–47).
What does the primary motor cortex control?
Voluntary skeletal muscle movements.
What is the role of the premotor cortex?
Movement planning, selection, sequencing, and inhibition.
What tasks assess prefrontal cortex function?
Verbal fluency, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, Stroop Task, Tower of London.
What are issues with traditional prefrontal testing?
Poor sensitivity/specificity and task impurity.
What is the key idea behind Stuss’s modern approach?
Use simple tasks to isolate cognitive functions and map them to brain regions.
What is the function of the left lateral prefrontal cortex according to Stuss?
Task setting.
What is the function of the right lateral prefrontal cortex according to Stuss?
Monitoring.
What is the role of the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex?
Energization (initiating and sustaining responses).
What is the function of the orbital prefrontal cortex?
Emotional and behavioral self-regulation.
What does the polar prefrontal cortex do?
Metacognition (thinking about thinking).
