Parkinsons Disease Flashcards
(35 cards)
What is Parkinson’s disease?
A progressive neurodegenerative condition resulting from the death of dopaminergic cells.
What are the motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease?
- Hypokinesia
- Bradykinesia
- Rigidity
- Tremor
- Postural instability
What are some non-motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease?
- Dementia
- Depression
- Sleep problems
- Bladder and bowel dysfunction
- Swallowing issues
- Weight loss
How often should Parkinson’s disease be reviewed?
Every 6 to 12 months.
What should be informed to DVLA and car insurers once diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease?
The diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease.
Is Parkinson’s disease curable?
No, it is incurable.
What is the aim of treatment for Parkinson’s disease?
To improve quality of life and control symptoms.
What are the non-drug treatments for Parkinson’s disease?
- Physiotherapy for motor and balance problems
- Speech and language therapy for communication and swallowing issues
- Occupational therapy for daily activities
What medications are used in the early stages of Parkinson’s disease?
- Levodopa with carbidopa (co-careldopa)
- Levodopa and benzirazide (co-beneldopa)
Which non-ergot dopaminergic inhibitors can be used for motor symptoms that do not affect quality of life?
- Pramipexol
- Ropinirole
- Rotigotine
What should be offered to patients who develop dyskinesia despite optimal levodopa therapy?
A choice of non-ergot dopamine receptor antagonists: * Pramipexol
* Ropinirole
* Rotigotine
Which medications are recommended for daytime sleepiness in Parkinson’s disease?
- Adjust Parkinson’s drug treatment
- Modafinil (do not drive and inform DVLA)
What is the first-line treatment for nocturnal akinesia?
Levodopa.
What is an alternative treatment for nocturnal akinesia?
Rotigotine.
What medications are used for postural hypotension in Parkinson’s disease?
- Midodrine
- Fludrocortisone (alternatively)
How should psychotic symptoms be managed in Parkinson’s disease?
Do not treat if well-tolerated; use quetiapine or clozapine if symptoms are severe.
Which medications can be used for rapid eye movement and sleep behavior disorder?
- Clonazepam
- Melatonin
What is the first-line treatment for drooling of saliva in Parkinson’s disease?
Glycopyrrolate (Glycopyronium bromide).
What is the second-line treatment for drooling of saliva?
Botox A.
What medication is used for advanced Parkinson’s disease?
Apomorphine.
What should be administered to control nausea and vomiting associated with apomorphine?
Domperidone.
What is the risk associated with using apomorphine and domperidone together?
Serious arrhythmia due to QT prolongation.
What monitoring is required when using apomorphine and domperidone?
ECG monitoring to assess cardiac risk.
What impulse control disorders can develop in patients on dopaminergic therapy?
- Compulsive gambling
- Hypersexuality
- Binge eating
- Obsessive shopping
