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Nutrition 2020 > Past A > Flashcards

Past A Flashcards

1
Q

Full-fat soya treatment is done by:

A

Uni-pro soya

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2
Q

What does a complete premix contain?

A

Vitamins, Micro-elements, Macro-elements

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3
Q

What is the protein content of cereals (corn, wheat, barley, oat, rye)?

A

10-15% Low

Crude protein (80-95% of this is true protein

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4
Q

What happens when lignin content increases?

A

Digestibility decrease and feed intake increases

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5
Q

What can lectins cause?

A

They adhere to the mucous membrane of the intestine and damage the absorption (Ca2+)

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6
Q

What is the highest dose of carbamide (urea) a cow can eat?

A

20-30g / 100kg BW/day

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7
Q

What does feed intolerance mean?

A

A reproducible, unpleasant reaction to a specific ingredient, which is biochemically or physiologically based.
e.g. Lactase deficiency causes lactose intolerance

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8
Q

What is the result of Vitamin C deficiency in fish?

A

Scoliosis, Lordosis (both spinal deformities)

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9
Q

In investigation of feedstuff, you can detect feather meals and fish meals, what are these?

A

Feather meal - Cooking, grinding and drying of poultry feathers.

Fish meal - Preparation of the raw materials: whole sea fishes and fish wastes

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10
Q

What are the anti-nutritive factors of Vicia faba (horse bean)?

A

Tannin
Lupinin
Spartein

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11
Q

How much Dry Matter content is there in fresh pasture grass?

A

20 – 30%

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12
Q

What is the anti-nutritive factor in alfalfa?

A

Saponin

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13
Q

What is the Discount Factor of corn silage?

A
  1. 053 = 5.3%

i. e. If the feeding level is increased by 1 unit; the digestibility decreases with 5.3%

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14
Q

How is the DM intake approaching formula calculated in the case of Beef Cattle?

A

Metabolic BW + Net Energy

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15
Q

Name the cereal grains:

A
  • Corn/maize
  • Wheat
  • Barley
  • Oat
  • Rye
  • Millet
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16
Q

What can lectinins cause?

A

Difficulty in Ca2+ absorption

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17
Q

In which species has nutrition a role in ovulation?

A

Sheep. The status of the ova changes with change in energy.

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18
Q

Used as silage additive:

A. Cereal grains
B.Molasses
C.Organic acids
D.All of them

A

D. All of them

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19
Q

What are molasses a good source of?

A

Energy and S

Source of Potassium, Cobalt, it is also a silage additive and a pellet binder

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20
Q

How is the DM intake approaching formula calculated in the case of Chicken?

A

Temp + egg production

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21
Q

The Discount Factor of corn silage is 0.053. It means:

A

The digestibility of the corn silage will decrease by 5.3%

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22
Q

What is the average Discount Factor?

A

0.04 = 4%

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23
Q

Which are used as a liquid protein source?

A. Molasses
B. Propylene glycol
C.Both
D.Neither

A

D.Neither

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24
Q

What is the principle of silage making?

A

Anaerobe fermentation; with lactic acid production

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25
Which amino acid is most sensitive to the over-heating of feed?
Lysine
26
What is the effect of induced mutation?
There is an increase in essential amino acid production.
27
What is the meaning of Bulky Feed?
Big volume with low Dry Matter content
28
What kind of feed is the roughage?
Bulky feed The indigestible portion of plant foods that pushes food through the digestive system; absorbing water and easing defecation
29
How big is the CF content of roughage?
~ 18%
30
What is the source of gossypol?
Cottonseed, field bean | Gossypol is an anti-nutritive to vitamin E
31
How should the requirements be saturated during the first lactation of Dairy Cow?
The requirements should be increased by 20%
32
If by-pass category in feedstuff is small:
Most nitrogen of the feedstuff will be degraded in the rumen
33
How do we sterilize lab feed?
Gamma irradiation
34
What is the consequence of fiber deficiency?
Digestion problems
35
What can be the cause of eye cataracts?
Excessive amount of fish meal / bad fish meal; which causes an increased cholesterol
36
How should motherless rabbits be fed?
Freeze-dried colostrum with additional vitamins, bacteria, and enzymes
37
In which of the following substances is the energy value 5MJ/kg? A.Straw B.Weed C.Silage D.Molasses
Straw
38
What is the Ca:P ratio in pasture grass?
1:10
39
``` Which one is a feeding standard? A. RBS B.NRC C.RSL D.NRK ```
B.NRC!
40
Which factors decrease digestibility of proteins?
Crude Fiber Age Anti-nutritive substance
41
Its main biological function is contribution in active CO2 transport in FA synthesis and GNG:
Biotin
42
One of the deficiency syndromes is coma in calves fed an milk replacer lacking .......
K
43
Give the vitamin which displays the main action in the protein and amino acid metabolism:
Vitamin B6
44
It can decrease the incident of tumour cells:
Vitamin B12
45
Status of supply can be evaluated based on Gluthathione reductase in RBCs:
Niacin
46
One of its deficiency syndromes is the ascending dermatitis in poultry:
Panthothenic acid
47
Should you calculate with the excretion content in the urine?
No, only calculate with the excreted content of the faeces.
48
Vitamin responsable for keratinization of mouth:
Vitamin A
49
Deficiency of which vitamin causes problems in heart/ skeletal muscle in calf and lamb
Vitamin E
50
Optimal N:S ratio in dairy cattle, beef cattle and sheep:
Dairy Cattle:10:1 Beef Cattle:15:1 Sheep :7:1
51
Biotin deficiency in foxes is caused by:
Raw eggs (avidin) and rancid slaughter leftovers
52
What kind of deficiency causes anaemia?
Vitamin K, Fe, B12, Cu, Folic acid deficiency
53
Vitamin E deficiency can lead to:
Zenker’s syndrome
54
What will happen during vitamin D hypervitaminosis (x100)?
Calcification of aorta and kidney. Abortion/Stillbirth
55
What kind of feed has the highest by-pass character?
Blood meal
56
How do we measure presence/amount of trypsin inhibition in food?
Trypsin-urease reaction
57
What is the protein content in: cereal
10-15%
58
What is the protein content in: Rapeseed
37%
59
What is the protein content in: Soybean
45%
60
What is the protein content in:Fish meal
65%
61
What is the protein content in:Blood meal
92%
62
How is extracted soybean meal obtained?
Autoclaving, extrusion, enzymes...
63
What is the character of a potato?
Bulky and concentrated
64
What is the character of hay?
Bulky and non-concentrated
65
What is the character of grains?
Non-bulky and concentrated
66
What is the effect of plant fibers on digestibility?
Decreases it
67
What is grinded wheat good for?
Monogastric animals-->Decreased concentration alimentary energy
68
These are feeds which are marked with the message ‘Beneficial effect on health without residue building’. Give an example:
Nutraceuticals -->Amino acids, vitamin, and mineral supplements, fish, oil, garlic, ginseng.
69
For this animal, its roughage requirement is at least 0.5kg/100kg BW:
horse
70
Extracted oilseed meals contain approximately how much CP?
35-50% | Soybean - ~45%
71
Could milk be described as bulky with low DM content?
Yes
72
What are the possible methods for heat treatment?
``` Hydro-thermic (autoclaving, flaking, wet extrusion, wet expandation, toasting) Dry thermic (air, pulverization, direct drying, dry extrusion, dry expandation, micronasation, cooking via microwave, roasting) ```
73
Some dog breeds accumulate:
Cu
74
Cholecalciferol and Ergocalciferol are other names for:
Vitamin D
75
What is Ghrelin?
Ghrelin-->Hormone in stomach. Increases appetite. Secreted in epithelial cells lining the fundus of stomach.
76
How is the DM intake approaching formula calculated in the case of Dairy Cows?
Metabolic BW + Fat corrected milk production
77
Acidifiers are
Nutrient modifiers metabolic modifiers gut flora modifiers
78
Where is leptin produced?
Ovaries, hypothalamus, Adipocytes (brown adipose tissue), placenta
79
Von Soest method:
Cellulose = ADF – ADL
80
What is UFP?
Potential of urea to be fermented in the rumen based on energy level.
81
Sex ratio:
Mn
82
Curled toe disease (which vitamin def)
Vitamin B2
83
Deficiency causing papillo-odema:
Vitamin A
84
One of its toxicity syndromes is exostosis on cervical vertebrae in cats:
Vitamin A
85
One of its deficiency syndromes is the disturbed conception of heifers and cows:
Niacin
86
One of the deficiency syndromes of pathothenic acid:
Poultry ‘cage-layer fatigue’
87
One of its deficiency syndromes in poultry in encephelomalacia:
Vitamin E
88
What is the protein requirement of pig?
33%
89
What is the energy protein content measurement unit in different species?
DE - Horse, Pigs, Rabbit ME - Poultry NE - Cattle, Sheep
90
What is the consequence of animal-derived feed?
``` BSE, MFD, Swine fever, salmonellosis, camplobacterios, listeriosis, E. coli - Hence prohibited for food-producing animals ```
91
What is a good pH for silage?
4 – 4.2
92
Continuous grazing is less effective than: A.Rotational grazing B.Strip grazing C. Both D.Neither
C. Both
93
Liberation of ammonia during heat processing of feeds indicates that there are:
Reactions between protein molecules
94
If the quality of corn silage is good, it contains this acid:
Lactic acid
95
Its crude fiber content is usually higher than 20% in: A.Meadow B.Alfalfa hay C.Both D.Neither
Both of them
96
The Substitution Number (SN) of corn is 0.3. it means, that by adding 1kg DM of corn to the forage, the DM intake from the forage is:
Decreases by 0.3kg
97
Its Crude Protein content is between 20 and 30% on DM basis:
Green alfalfa
98
If the by-pass category of a feedstuff is low, it means most of its protein content:
Will be degraded in the rumen
99
Its protein requirement in the practice may be expressed in crude protein:
Laying duck
100
By increasing the lignin content of the feeds:
The feed intake decreases

Nutrition 2020 (11 decks)

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