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Misc. Notes Year 3 > Pastest Neuro > Flashcards

Pastest Neuro Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the most common cause of bacterial meningitis in neonates

A

Listeria

Group B strep

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2
Q

What is the most common cause of bacterial meningitis in children

A

H. Influenza

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3
Q

What is the most common cause of bacterial meningitis in people 10- 21 years old

A

Meningococcal

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4
Q

What is the most common cause of bacterial meningitis in adults

A

Pneumococcal

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5
Q

What is the most common cause of bacterial meningitis in immunocompromised people

A

Strep Pneumonia
Neisseria
Listeria

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6
Q

What is the most common cause of bacterial meningitis in recent neurosurgery/trauma

A

Staph Aureus/ epidermidis

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7
Q

What is the most common cause of bacterial meningitis in a fracture of the cribriform plate

A

Pneumococcal

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8
Q

Which anti epileptic drug can rarely cause agranulocytosis/ aplastic anaemia

A

Carbamazepine

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9
Q

What should you suspect if someone presents with Foot drop, Pes Cavus, Scoliosis and a stamping gait

A

Heriditary Sensorimotor Neuropahty

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10
Q

Bilateral medial temporal lobe lesions could cause which syndrome and how would this present

A

Kluver-Bucy Syndrome

Hyper-sexuality and mouthing objects

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11
Q

What will an EEG show in Delirium

A

Diffuse slowing

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12
Q

Aphasia as a stroke symptom suggests which artery involvement

A

Dominant hemisphere MCA (usually left)

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13
Q

Syringomyelia tends to affect which sensory modality

A

Pain and temperature

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14
Q 
A triad of 
Encephalopathy 
Oculomotor dysfunction 
Gait ataxia 
suggest what
A

B1 deficiency

Wernicke’s Encephalopathy

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15
Q

What is the difference between Bulbar Palsy and Pseudo-bulbar palsy

A

Bulbar palsy is impairment of CN IX, X, XI, XII with LMN signs
Pseudo-bulbar is with UMN signs

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16
Q

An elevated level of 14-3-3 protein in CSF suggests which disease

A

Creutzfeld- Jakob disease

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17
Q

Which disease progresses rapidly to Akinetic Mutism and has no cure

A

Creutzfeld- Jakob disease

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18
Q

What degenerates in ALS

A

Anterior Horn Cells and UMN’s in the motor cortex

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19
Q

If someone has an unprovoked first seizure, how long can they not drive for

A

6 months

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20
Q

If someone has their first seizure and an underlying cause is identified, how long can they not drive for

A

1 year

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21
Q

What is Trazodone and which progressive disease can it be used for

A

Serotonin Antagonist/Reuptake Inhibitor

Frontotemporal dementia

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22
Q

Which disease might you investigate by doing nerve conduction studies with repetitive stimulation

A

Myasthenia gravis

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23
Q

What is used to treat Myasthenia Gravis

Study These Flashcards
A

Pyridostigmine

24
Q

What are the 3 parts of the Glasgow Coma Scale

Study These Flashcards
A

Eyes
Verbal
Motor

25
What are the scoring options for the Eyes part of the GCS
Open spontaneously - 4 Open to speech - 3 Open to pain - 2 Dont open - 1
26
What are the scoring options for the Verbal part of the GCS
``` Orientated - 5 Confused - 4 Inappropriate words - 3 Inappropriate sounds - 2 No response - 1 ```
27
What are the scoring options for the Motor part of the GCS
``` Obeys commands - 6 Localises pain - 5 Withdraws from pain - 4 Abnormal flexion - 3 Abnormal extension - 2 No response - 1 ```
28
Gingival overgrowth is a side effect of which neuro drug
Phenytoin
29
Name the gold standard treatment for Parkinson's
Levodopa- Carbidopa
30
Name a COMT inhibitor used for Parkinson's treatment
Entacapone
31
Name a Dopamine Agonist used for Parkinson's treatment
Pramipexole
32
Name a MAO-B inhibitor used in Parkinson's treatment
Rasagiline
33
Name an NMDA antagonist used for Parkinson's
Amantadine
34
A butterfly pattern on the caudate nucleus in a CT scan suggests what
Huntington's disease
35
India ink stain is a buzzword for which infective condition
Cryptococcal Meningitis
36
If someone has a postural headache which is worse when standing up and relieved by lying down, what should you think of
Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension
37
How is Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension treated
Epidural blood patch
38
Which anti-epileptic can cause Gynaecomastia
Carbamazepine
39
Which anti-epileptic can cause a folate deficiency
Phenytoin
40
Which anti-epileptics can cause ataxia
Gabapentin | Valproate
41
Which organism is particularly likely to be the cause of a brain abscess
Strep. Milleri
42
What are flail leg and flail arm syndrome and what can they present in
can present in ALS by progressive, proximal weakness of upper limbs without involvement of the lower limb, bulbar or respiratory muscles Flail leg is same but for lower limbs
43
Which gene is mutated in dominant and recessive Parkinson's
LRRK2 - dominant | Parkin - recessive
44
Which one of tremor dominant parkinson's and non-tremor dominant has a slower rate of progression
tremor-dominant
45
How are REM sleep disorders diagnosed
Overnight polysomnography
46
How are REM sleep disorders treated
Clonazepam/Melatonin at bedtime
47
If someone below the age of 50 with parkinsonism, which disease are they tested for
Wilson's disease
48
A hot cross bun sign on MRI suggests which disease and why is the sign present
Multi system atrophy | Pons atrophy
49
CGG repeats in the FMR1 gene suggests which disease
Fragile X-Tremor Ataxia Syndrome (FXTAS)
50
Which cells are lost in the Primary Lateral Sclerosis variant of MND
Betz cells in the motor cortex
51
Which drugs can be used for migraine prophylaxis
Propanolol Topiramate Amitriptyline
52
Which drugs can be used for cluster headache prophylaxis
Verapamil | Prednisolone
53
What is the treatment for Paroxysmal Hemicrania
Indomethacin
54
What is the treatment for SUNCT
Lamotrigine | Gabapentin
55
Do cluster headaches affect Males or Females more
Males 5:1
56
What is a butterfly glioma
A glioma which crosses the midline using the corpus callosum

Misc. Notes Year 3 (25 decks)

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