Flashcards in Patella, femur, hip and pelvis Deck (60)
Loading flashcards...
1
Large, rounded eminence on the superior end of the femur that articulates with the acetabulum
Head
2
Constricted portion just inferior from the head of the femur
Neck
3
Two large eminences on the distal end of the femur that articulate with the tibia
Condyles
4
Shallow, triangular area on the anterior surface between the condyles of the femur
Patellar surface
5
Large, prominent process superior and lateral on the shaft of the femur
Greater trochanter
6
Shallow, triangular area on the anterior surface between the condyles of the posterior, distal femur
Intercondylar fossa
7
Cushions between tibia and femur
Menisci
8
Largest bone of lower limb
Femur
9
How should the femoral neck appear in the AP projection of the proximal femur
In profile
10
How should the lesser trochanter appear in the AP projection of the proximal femur?
Shouldn't be seen beyond the medial border of the femur or only a very small portion seen on the proximal femur
11
What portion of an orthopedic appliance should be demonstrated in the AP projection of the femur?
Any in its entirety?
12
True of false: gonadal shielding shouldn't be used because it may superimpose the femoral head
False
13
How should the pelvis be positioned to demonstrate the lateral proximal femur?
From true lateral, the pelvis should be rolled posteriorly about 10-15 degrees
14
How should the pelvis be positioned to demonstrate the lateral distal femur?
True lateral
15
Concerning IR placement/collimated field location, to what level on the patient should the upper border of an IR or collimated field be placed when demonstrating the lateral proximal femur?
At the level of the ASIS
16
Concerning IR placement/collimated field location, to what level on the patient should the lower border of an IR or collimated field be placed when demonstrating the lateral distal femur?
2 inches beyond the knee
17
Concerning the placement of the unaffected (uppermost) limb, where should it be placed when demonstrating the lateral proximal femur?
Posteriorly
18
Concerning the placement of the unaffected (uppermost) limb, where should it be placed when demonstrating the lateral distal femur?
In front of the affected limb
19
When demonstrating the lateral distal femur and including the knee, how many degrees should the knee be flexed?
About 45 degrees
20
Which term refers to the inferior tip of the patella?
Apex
21
Which part of the patella is the base?
Superior border
22
Where on the femur is the lesser trochanter located?
Medial and posterior
23
Where is the fovea capitis located?
Proximal femur
24
Which positioning maneuver should be performed to place the femoral neck in profile for the AP projection of the femur?
Rotate the lower limb medially 10-15 degrees
25
Which positioning maneuver should be performed to prevent the femoral neck from appearing foreshortened in the AP projection of the femur?
Rotate the lower limb medially 10 to 15 degrees
26
For the AP projection of the femur on typical adults, what should be done to ensure that both joints of the femur are demonstrated?
Perform a second exposure with another IR
27
For the lateral projection of the femur, how should the pelvis be positioned to demonstrate only the knee joint with the distal femoral shaft?
True lateral
28
Posterior pelvic articulations
Sacroiliac
29
2 other names for the hip bone
Innominate
Os coxae
30
Projects from the pubic bone
Ramus
31
Hip socket formed by the fusion of three bones
Acetabulum
32
Forms posterior aspect of pelvis
Sacrum
33
Found above the acetabulum
Part of the hip bone that forms the broad, curved portion called the ala
Ilium
34
Articulates with the sacrum
Coccyx
35
Has a body and two rami
Pubis
36
Winglike portion of ilium
Ala
37
The structure of the body that serves as a base for the trunk and as a girdle for the attachment of the lower limbs
Pelvis
38
4 bones that form the pelvis
2 hip bones
Sacrum
Coccyx
39
Which two prominent structures found on the ilium are frequently used as radiographic positioning reference points?
Iliac crest and ASIS
40
ASIS
Anterior superior iliac spine
41
Which bone/portion of the hip bone consists of a body and two rami?
Pubis
42
Which bone/portion of the hip bone extends inferiorly from the acetabulum and joins with the inferior ramus of the pubic bone
Ischium
43
What bones of the hip bone form the obturator foramen?
By posterior union, the rami of the pubis and ischium
44
2 structures that form the posterior part of the pelvis
Sacrum
Coccyx
45
2 parts a pelvis is divided into by the brim of the pelvis
Greater (false) pelvis
Lesser (true) pelvis
46
The region between the inlet and the outlet of the true pelvis
Pelvic cavity
47
Which gender (male or female) has a pelvis that is broader and shallower with a larger and more rounded outlet?
Female
48
2 large processe located at the proximal end of the femur
Greater trochanter
Lesser trochanter
49
2 areas of the proximal femur that are common sites for fractures in elderly patients
Femoral neck
Intertrochanteric crest
50
In a typical adult, in which direction (anterior or posterior) does the femoral neck project away from the long axis of the femur?
Anterior
51
What are the major articulations of the pelvis by name and or abbreviation and their quantity?
1 pubic symphysis
2 hip joints
2 SI joints
52
2 palpable bony points of localization for the hip joint
ASIS
Superior margin of pubic symphysis
53
How are the ASIS and superior margin of pubic symphysis used to locate the femoral neck?
Visualize line between ASIS and pubic symphysis
At midpoint extend a second line perpendicular and inferolaterally toward the femur
The long axis of the femoral neck lies parallel with the second line
54
True or false: the greater sciatic notch is located on the anterior border of ilium
False
55
True or false: in the seated position, the weight of the body rests on two ischial tuberosities
True
56
True or false: the highest point of the greater trochanter is in the same transverse plane as the midpoint of the hip joint.
True
57
How should the patient's lower limbs be positioned for the AP projection of the pelvis and proximal femora and why?
Rotated medially 15-20 degrees to place the femoral necks parallel with the IR
58
How is rotation of the pelvis detected in the AP projection of the pelvis and proximal femora?
The alae of the ilia are asymmetrical if the pelvis is rotated
59
Which plane of the body should be positioned on the midline of the table and grid for the AP projection of the pelvis and proximal femora?
Midsagittal
60
