Patella, femur, hip and pelvis

Question 1

Large, rounded eminence on the superior end of the femur that articulates with the acetabulum

Answer 1

Head

Question 2

Constricted portion just inferior from the head of the femur

Answer 2

Neck

Question 3

Two large eminences on the distal end of the femur that articulate with the tibia

Answer 3

Condyles

Question 4

Shallow, triangular area on the anterior surface between the condyles of the femur

Answer 4

Patellar surface

Question 5

Large, prominent process superior and lateral on the shaft of the femur

Answer 5

Greater trochanter

Question 6

Shallow, triangular area on the anterior surface between the condyles of the posterior, distal femur

Answer 6

Intercondylar fossa

Question 7

Cushions between tibia and femur

Answer 7

Menisci

Question 8

Largest bone of lower limb

Answer 8

Femur

Question 9

How should the femoral neck appear in the AP projection of the proximal femur

Answer 9

In profile

Question 10

How should the lesser trochanter appear in the AP projection of the proximal femur?

Answer 10

Shouldn’t be seen beyond the medial border of the femur or only a very small portion seen on the proximal femur

Question 11

What portion of an orthopedic appliance should be demonstrated in the AP projection of the femur?

Answer 11

Any in its entirety?

Question 12

True of false: gonadal shielding shouldn’t be used because it may superimpose the femoral head

Answer 12

False

Question 13

How should the pelvis be positioned to demonstrate the lateral proximal femur?

Answer 13

From true lateral, the pelvis should be rolled posteriorly about 10-15 degrees

Question 14

How should the pelvis be positioned to demonstrate the lateral distal femur?

Answer 14

True lateral

Question 15

Concerning IR placement/collimated field location, to what level on the patient should the upper border of an IR or collimated field be placed when demonstrating the lateral proximal femur?

Answer 15

At the level of the ASIS

Question 16

Concerning IR placement/collimated field location, to what level on the patient should the lower border of an IR or collimated field be placed when demonstrating the lateral distal femur?

Answer 16

2 inches beyond the knee

Question 17

Concerning the placement of the unaffected (uppermost) limb, where should it be placed when demonstrating the lateral proximal femur?

Answer 17

Posteriorly

Question 18

Concerning the placement of the unaffected (uppermost) limb, where should it be placed when demonstrating the lateral distal femur?

Answer 18

In front of the affected limb

Question 19

When demonstrating the lateral distal femur and including the knee, how many degrees should the knee be flexed?

Answer 19

About 45 degrees

Question 20

Which term refers to the inferior tip of the patella?

Answer 20

Apex

Question 21

Which part of the patella is the base?

Answer 21

Superior border

Question 22

Where on the femur is the lesser trochanter located?

Answer 22

Medial and posterior

Question 23

Where is the fovea capitis located?

Answer 23

Proximal femur

Question 24

Which positioning maneuver should be performed to place the femoral neck in profile for the AP projection of the femur?

Answer 24

Rotate the lower limb medially 10-15 degrees

Question 25

Which positioning maneuver should be performed to prevent the femoral neck from appearing foreshortened in the AP projection of the femur?

Answer 25

Rotate the lower limb medially 10 to 15 degrees

Question 26

For the AP projection of the femur on typical adults, what should be done to ensure that both joints of the femur are demonstrated?

Answer 26

Perform a second exposure with another IR

Question 27

For the lateral projection of the femur, how should the pelvis be positioned to demonstrate only the knee joint with the distal femoral shaft?

Answer 27

True lateral

Question 28

Posterior pelvic articulations

Answer 28

Sacroiliac

Question 29

2 other names for the hip bone

Answer 29

Innominate | Os coxae

Question 30

Projects from the pubic bone

Answer 30

Ramus

Question 31

Hip socket formed by the fusion of three bones

Answer 31

Acetabulum

Question 32

Forms posterior aspect of pelvis

Answer 32

Sacrum

Question 33

Found above the acetabulum | Part of the hip bone that forms the broad, curved portion called the ala

Answer 33

Ilium

Question 34

Articulates with the sacrum

Answer 34

Coccyx

Question 35

Has a body and two rami

Answer 35

Pubis

Question 36

Winglike portion of ilium

Answer 36

Ala

Question 37

The structure of the body that serves as a base for the trunk and as a girdle for the attachment of the lower limbs

Answer 37

Pelvis

Question 38

4 bones that form the pelvis

Answer 38

2 hip bones Sacrum Coccyx

Question 39

Which two prominent structures found on the ilium are frequently used as radiographic positioning reference points?

Answer 39

Iliac crest and ASIS

Question 40

ASIS

Answer 40

Anterior superior iliac spine

Question 41

Which bone/portion of the hip bone consists of a body and two rami?

Answer 41

Pubis

Question 42

Which bone/portion of the hip bone extends inferiorly from the acetabulum and joins with the inferior ramus of the pubic bone

Answer 42

Ischium

Question 43

What bones of the hip bone form the obturator foramen?

Answer 43

By posterior union, the rami of the pubis and ischium

Question 44

2 structures that form the posterior part of the pelvis

Answer 44

Sacrum | Coccyx

Question 45

2 parts a pelvis is divided into by the brim of the pelvis

Answer 45

Greater (false) pelvis | Lesser (true) pelvis

Question 46

The region between the inlet and the outlet of the true pelvis

Answer 46

Pelvic cavity

Question 47

Which gender (male or female) has a pelvis that is broader and shallower with a larger and more rounded outlet?

Answer 47

Female

Question 48

2 large processe located at the proximal end of the femur

Answer 48

Greater trochanter | Lesser trochanter

Question 49

2 areas of the proximal femur that are common sites for fractures in elderly patients

Answer 49

Femoral neck | Intertrochanteric crest

Question 50

In a typical adult, in which direction (anterior or posterior) does the femoral neck project away from the long axis of the femur?

Answer 50

Anterior

Question 51

What are the major articulations of the pelvis by name and or abbreviation and their quantity?

Answer 51

1 pubic symphysis 2 hip joints 2 SI joints

Question 52

2 palpable bony points of localization for the hip joint

Answer 52

ASIS | Superior margin of pubic symphysis

Question 53

How are the ASIS and superior margin of pubic symphysis used to locate the femoral neck?

Answer 53

Visualize line between ASIS and pubic symphysis At midpoint extend a second line perpendicular and inferolaterally toward the femur The long axis of the femoral neck lies parallel with the second line

Question 54

True or false: the greater sciatic notch is located on the anterior border of ilium

Answer 54

False

Question 55

True or false: in the seated position, the weight of the body rests on two ischial tuberosities

Answer 55

True

Question 56

True or false: the highest point of the greater trochanter is in the same transverse plane as the midpoint of the hip joint.

Answer 56

True

Question 57

How should the patient's lower limbs be positioned for the AP projection of the pelvis and proximal femora and why?

Answer 57

Rotated medially 15-20 degrees to place the femoral necks parallel with the IR

Question 58

How is rotation of the pelvis detected in the AP projection of the pelvis and proximal femora?

Answer 58

The alae of the ilia are asymmetrical if the pelvis is rotated

Question 59

Which plane of the body should be positioned on the midline of the table and grid for the AP projection of the pelvis and proximal femora?

Answer 59

Midsagittal

Question 60

With reference to the patient, where should the IR be centered for the AP projection of the pelvis and proximal femora?

Answer 60

At the level of the soft tissue depression just above the palpable prominence of the greater trochanter (about 1.5 in) which is also midway between the ASIS and pubic symphysis About 2 in inferior to the ASIS and 2 inches superior to the pubic symphysis