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CNS II > Path review > Flashcards

Path review Flashcards

1
Q

type of herniation that complesses the ant cerebral artery

A

subfalcine

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2
Q

type of herniation that gives blown pupil, hemiparesis, duret hemorrhages

A

transtentorial

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3
Q

type of herniation that can damage respiration and cardiac centers of brainstem

A

tonsillar

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4
Q

most common vascular site of embolism

A

MCA distribution

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5
Q

most common site of clot in brain

A

MCA and basilar arteries

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6
Q

red neurons occur in what time frame

A

12-24 hours

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7
Q

gliosis occurs in what time frame

A

14+ days

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8
Q

typical pt with AVM

A

young man with seizures

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9
Q

artherosclerotic aneurysm usually occurs where?

A

basilar aa

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10
Q

disease associated with berry aneurysms

A

adult polycystic kidney disease

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11
Q

duret hemorrages usually occur from

A

tearing of vessels during herniation

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12
Q

causes slit hemorrhages

A

hypertension

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13
Q

common sites of hypertensive hemorrhages

A

white matter, deep gray matter, cereballum

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14
Q

common cause of parenchymal hemorrage

A

Cerebral amyloid angiopathy

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15
Q

plaques formed of

A

beta amyloid

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16
Q

location of plaques

A

extracellular

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17
Q

tangles formed of

A

tau

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18
Q

tangles located

A

intracellular

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19
Q

first place in brain dementia starts to form

A

entorhinal cortex

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20
Q

protein in lewy bodies

A

alpha synuclein

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21
Q

clinical criteria for lewy body dementia

A

demantia within 1 year of parkinson sx

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22
Q

ALS destroys…

A

both upper and lower motor neurons

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23
Q

most common glaucoma

A

open angle

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24
Q

most acutely serious glaucoma

A

closed angle

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25
glaucoma with iris stuck to cornea
closed angle
26
glaucoma with cup shaped optic nerve
closed angle
27
corneal degeneration with whote blue ring around the corneal region
acus senilis
28
cause of acrus senilis
increased cholesterol or scarring of cornea
29
cause of pterygium.pinuecula
sun damage causing submucosal elevation in the cinjunctiva
30
can cause saucer like depression of cornea
pinguecula
31
bad type of macular degeneration
wet
32
most common type of macular degeneration
dry
33
congential causes of cataracts
CMV, rubella
34
causes of adult cataracts
steroids, sun, diabetes
35
how diabetes causes blindness
diabetes leads to angiogenesis, leading to microaneurysms, which are leaky, leading to macular edema, leading to vessels developng over the optic nerve
36
common causes of retinal artery occlusion
Ophthalmology, thrombosis, emboli
37
vein occlision can lead to
neovascularization and closed angle glaucoma
38
most common eye tumor
melanoma
39
histology of eye melanoma
spindled and epitheloid cells
40
adverse features of melanoma
epitheloid histology
41
mutation in retinoblastoma
RB (13q14) (needs 2 hits)
42
chalazion is a chronic..
stye (blocked eyelid gland)
43
type of myositis that is shows in adults
dermato
44
dermatomyositis in adults could be manifestation of
paraneoplastic syndrome
45
most common inflamatory myopathy in elderly
inclusion body myopathy
46
vaculoses in imflamatory myopathy contain
tau and beta
47
myopathy that does NOT respond to steroids
inclusion body
48
worse kind of MD
duchene's
49
pseudohypertropy of calves indicates
DMD
50
CSF findings in MS
oligoclonal banding
51
headache, lethargy, coma a few weeks after an infection
acute demyelinating encephalomyelitis
52
caused by JC virus
progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy
53
people who get progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy are usually
immunocompromised
54
signs of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy
ring enhancing lesions, viral inclusions in oligodendrocytes
55
of weirnacke/korsakoff: the irreversiable serious one
korsakoff
56
non alcoholic causes of Wernickie-korsakoff
chronic gastritis or profound vomiting
57
wernicke lesions
mamillary bodies
58
korsakoff lesions
thalmus
59
cause of ataxia and nystagmus in alchoholics
cerebellar atrophy
60
sx of b12 deficency
ataxia, numbness/tingling, spastic weakness, paraplegia

CNS II (25 decks)

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