pathologies

Question 1

what are common etiologies that contribute to CHF

Answer 1

arrythemia
PE
hypertension
valvular heart disease
myocarditis
unstable angina
renal failure
severe anemia

Question 2

(left/right) sided heart failure is assosciated with signs of pulmonary venous congestion

Answer 2

left

Question 3

(left/right) sided heart failure is associated with signs of systemic venous congestion

Answer 3

right

Question 4

what compensatory changes are caused d/t diminished cardiac output

Answer 4

increase in blood volume
cardiac filling pressure
heart rate
cardiac muscle mass

Question 5

what pathology is d/t an autosomal recessive genetic mutation whcih causes the exocrine glads to overproduce thick mucus which causes subsequent obstruction

Answer 5

cystic fibrosis

Question 6

what is the most common cause of death of cystic fibrosis

Answer 6

respiratory failure

Question 7

what pathology results from a long history of chronic bronchitis, recurrent aveolar inflammation or from genetic predisposition causing barrel chest, increased subcostal angle, rounded shoulders, and rosy skin color

Answer 7

emphysema

Question 8

list the symptoms of emphysema

Answer 8

persistent cough
wheezing
difficulty breathing with expiration
increased RR

Question 9

what condition occurs when there is poor coronary atery perfusion, ischemia, and subsequent necrosis of cardiac tissues with clinical presentation of deep pain/pressure in substernal area with possible pain radiating to the jaw/left arm/back

Answer 9

myocardial infarction

Question 10

what arethe risk factors of myocardial infarction

Answer 10

family history
smoking
physical inactivity
stress
hypertension
DM
obesity

Question 11

what condition is characterized by narrowing of the lumen of blood vessels causing a reduction in circulation usually secondary to atherosclerosis

Answer 11

peripheral vascular disease

Question 12

what patient education is important for patients with peripheral vascular disease

Answer 12

disease process
limb protection
foot and skin care
risk factor reduction

Question 13

what pathology is classified by disorders (tumor, interstitial pulmonary fibrosis, lung scarring, pleural effusion, chest wall stiffness, structural abnormality, mm weakness) that impair the ability for lung expansion and reduce pulmonary ventilation

Answer 13

restrictive lung disease

Question 14

what pathology results from diminished myocardial perfusion d/t narrowing of the coronary arteries causing tightness, pressure, squeezing in the center of the chest

Answer 14

angina pectoris

Question 15

what pathology occurs as a result of atherosclerotic plaque buildup over years within the coronary arteries

Answer 15

coronary artery disease