pathology Flashcards
(29 cards)
true or false
red neuron occurs after 12-24 hours of reversible neuron damage
false, Irreversible
which neuroglial cells are the most abundant
astrocytes
true or false
blood derived macrophages can be found at the site of inflammation in CNS
true
note: microglial cells can congregate and cause neuronophagia
true or false
Chronic neuronal injury usually affects structurally related neurons
false, not structurally but functionally
when a schwannoma affects the 8 cranial nerve it is known as ?
acoustic neuroma, vestibular schwannoma
true or false
familial schwannoma are usually multiple
true
what causes hypertrophic neuropathy
repeated demyelination- re-myelination cycles, this will cause increased number of Schwann cells that encircle the axon
true or false
80-90% of neuropathies are due to segmental demyelination
false, due to axonal degeneration
The most common cause of generalized peripheral
neuropathy is
diabetic neuropathy
is AGE formed enzymatically or non enzymatically ?
non enzymatically , glucose precursors are added to
RAGE receptors are found on ?
endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells , macrophages, T lymphocytes
AGE-RAGE interaction can cause
microangiopathy
what does the CSF fluid of GILLIUN BARRE SYNDROME PATIENTS CONTAIN ?
high protein and low WBC
define fisher syndrome
a patient with Gillian bare syndrome with ataxia, ophthalmoplegia , areflexia
multiple sclerosis is defined as
episodes of neurologic deficits which are separated in time with white matter lesions which are separated in space
true or false
the onset of symptoms in the MS is usually due to an environmental stimulus ex: viral infection
true
these white matter plaques are found in
the spinal cord , the cerebellum , the ventricles, optic nerve and chiasm, brain stem
the hyponatremia should be corrected at a rate of ?
8-12 mmol/L of sodium per day
true or false
patients with locked in syndrome have dorsal pon damage
false, ventral pon damage
true or false
The brain receives the same amount of blood ( brain blood flow is constant ) if the mean arterial pressure is between 50 - 160 mm Hg.
true
which cells are the most susceptible to global ischemic hypoxia
the pyramidal cells of
hippocampus and neocortex + Purkinje cells of the cerebellum
the main cause of brain edema is ?
hypoxia and ischemia
Charcot- Bouchard micro aneurysms can form due to
primary brain parenchymal hemorrhage
what causes lobar hemorrhage
Cerebral amyloid angiopathy
note: we use Congo red stain to monitor the amyloid