Pathology Slides (1st semester) Flashcards
(31 cards)
Which slide is this ?
Degenaratio Parenchymatosa renis x4
•Small mesengial space
•Tubules have thick walls
•Due to intracellular accumulation of water
•Changes reversible •(Kidney, liver & myocardial hypoxia)
Intracytoplasmic accumulation of water due to incapacity of the cells to maintain the ionic and fluid homeostasis.
Changes in proximal tubules enlarged with irregular lumen with coagulated protein , cells cytoplasm are granular and nucleuses are not well sep
What is this ?
Corpus albicans x4
•Pink mass ( last stage of graffian follicle) •
Preceeded by corpus luteum & fibrosum •
Sometimes hyaline deposits seen in arteries (menopause)
Ulcus chronicum callosum ventriculi x4
Lots of circles (glands)= stomach Look for cavitations = ulcer 1. Fibrinous
exudates, necrotic cells & segmented leukocytes
- Fibrinoid necrosis (lots
of neutrophils=in flammation) - Granular tissue layer
many
fibroblast and hystiocytes - Ciatrical
connecting tissue with lots of collagen
What slide is this ?
Hyalinosus arteriolaris Renis x4
•Pink mass in wall of arteries & narrow lumen •Due to hypertension
Hyaline deposits are below endothel of arterioles, which lead to muscular layer and internal elastic membrane atrophy
Hyalinosus is seen next to blood vessels just outside glomeruli
What is this?
Glomerulo nephritis Chronica x4
Blue spots = lymphocytes (sign of inflammation) Decreased bowmans space due to hyalinization Some tubule destroyed – preserved tubuli are dilated
Obstruction of blood flow will produce secondary tubular atrophy interstitial fibrosis and thickening of the arterial wall by hyaline deposits
How to spot it ( you will see like a red blood line )
What is this ?
Amyloidosis Renis H&E x4
•Big mesengial due to amyloidosis
•Thickening of basal membrane of vessels leads to encroachment
•Pale pink masses are stromisation
•Amyloid may develop in blood vessel walls
Kidney may be reduced in size , amyloid deposits are usually found in glomeruli , but also present in interstitial peri tubular tissue as well as in the walls of blood vessels
Itisasaresultofchronicinflammation. Whenthereisinflammationinthe body serum proteins are released by the liver
We are looking for enlarged glomeruli within the kidney
What is this.
Amyloidosis Lienis H&E x4
Red pulp, white pulp and pink amyloid deposits long shaped
On gross examination – tapioca like granules
Accumulation of amyloid in white and red pulp
How to recognise look at outsider capsule
Amyloidosis Lienis Congo red x4
Red= amyloid Pink=hyaline
What is this ?
Anthracosis pulmonis x4
•Cole dust in alveoli
•Can be phagocytised by macrophages coniophages
Inhaled dust particles in lung (coal dust) smaller than 5 microns.
Coniophages contain black powder can be found in walls of alveoli and interstitial connective tissue , or in walls of blood vessels
What is this ?
Icterus Renis x10
Billirubin in tubule (thick and brown/red) , increased level of bilirubin in blood stream cud causes deposition of pigments in seminiferous tubules , henles loop. Yellow green brownish small grains in the cytplasm of epithelial cells
What is this ?
Induratio fusca pulmonis H&E x4
•Brown spot are hemosiderin due to left heart failure
In hemosidero phages in lumen & interstitial tissue Hb converted to ferritin •Sputum test
In hemosiderophages the hb gets converted to feritin which aggregates into yellow and brown granules.
hemosiderophages mainly found in alveoli walls and interstitial connective tissue also found in sputum
For perls prussian the feritin is coloured green-blue
What is this ?
Naevus Pigmentosa x4
•Deep purple= lots of melaninocytes in basal layer of epidermis usually melaniocytes contain brown granules of melanin
Nevus can occur in various forms but here are the most common
•Border, intradermal, complex, spitz naevus & dysplastic naevus
•Melinophages
•Stratum basale •Stratum spinosum •Granulosum •Sometimes lucideum •corneuem
What is this ?
Atropha fusca hepatis x10
Plz ignore text on image its portal vein that you see
•Due to low calories brown atrophy of liver diseases such as ( Pyloric stenosis , cancer of stomach or ulcer)
•Portal space dilated •Lipofuscin (brown pigment)
Hepatocytes around central vein reduced size in there cytoplasm , in perinuclear area we see accum of yellow brown pigment
What is this ?
Degeneratio adiposa hepatis H&E x4
Big circles = deposits of triglycerides TAG= steatosis Due to obesity, diabeties or alcohol
Can lead to cirrhosis
The deposition in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes is in form of drops. Looks like empty vesicles or vacuoles.
Hepatocytes near central vein usually least affected
Whats this ?
Atherosclerosis aortae x4
In the intima of the aorta is observed a plaque that obstructs the lumen. The plaque contains amosphous pink material with slit like cholesterol’s clefts of lipid material.
Around the plaque we see foam cells and there cytoplasms have big amount of small vesicles empty
Large purple parts are calcium
What is this ?
Carcinoma gelatinosum H&E x4
Tumour cells (glandular cells that have lysed) Mucous drops are formed that form lakes eventually Stained in violet/blue (dark ink red)
Ring with cells
Intra and extra cellular mucus production , in the malignant transformed glandular cells due to impaired metabolism of glycoproteins
Mucovisidos is x4 (pancrease)
Cystic fibrosis Mucovisidos is a hereditary disorder of epithelial cells loose their ability to transport chloride ions in mucus secretion in all exocrine glands , respiratory, GI tract pancreas etc
Histological diagnosis based on : dilated ducts filled with viscous mucus , difuse fibrosis and cysts formations filled with pink homogenous material (mucus)
Whats this
Glomerulosclerosi intercapillaris nodosa x4
•Hyaline in blood vessel
•Hylaine from destroyed glomerulus •Hyaline in glomerulus •Specific for diabeties
>7.1 mmol/l fasting glucose level
Hyalin is spherical shaped and are laminated in glomerulus forms in glomerular capillary loops in the glomerulus
One form of chronic kidney disease with loss of renal function over time this condition is specific for diabetes , light chain disease , amyloidosis.
Necrosis renis x4
•Red glomerulus necrotised •Darker tubules also necrotic (no nucleus) •Coagulative necrosis means tissue structures are preserved
Anemic infarction of the kidney dev in blockage of some of branches of renal artery usually coz of embolism resulting in ischemia and necrosis of renal parenchyma
What is this ?
Necrosis Pulmonis
•Pink mass = necrosis •Due to caseus broncho- pneumonia •Multi- nucleated giant cells = Langhans
Around necrotic zone there are macrophages , monocytes they form the epitheloid cells with oval nuclei and pale pink cytoplasm
What is this ?
Necrosis lymphondi
•Caseus necrosi multinucleated giant cells = Langhans
•Pink circlular mass = necrosis •Purple cells = inflammation border
What is this ?
Necrosis myocardi
•Coagulative necrosis- formation of gell like substance structure preserved in death tissues
•Due to blockage of coronary artery
•Only nucleus of connective tissue
•Many fibroblasts making a scar
What is this ?
Necrosis cerebri
•Colliquative necrosis forming of ( viscous lipid mass from digestion of dead cells)
•White spaces are edema
•Big necrosis= lots of white with nucleus fragments
Dystrophia acuta toxica hepatis
(H & E). Higher mag
•Red areas= hemorrhage & necrosis
•Big circles are lipid drops (steatosis)
•White gaps are dilated cappilarie •Bridge necrosis
What is this ?
Cyanosis hepatis
RHF Stagnation of blood in venous system Central veins and sinosoid spaces are dilated
