Pathology Test One

Question 1

What is the study of disease?

Answer 1

Pathology

Question 2

What is any abnormal disturbance of the function or structure of the body as a result of some type of injury?

Answer 2

Disease

Question 3

What is the patients perception of the disease called?

Answer 3

symptom

Question 4

What is an objective manifestation that can be detected by a physician during an examination?

Answer 4

sign

Question 5

What is a group of signs and symptoms that characterize a specific abnormal disturbance?

Answer 5

Syndrome

Question 6

What is it called when no symptoms are produced?

Answer 6

Asymptomatic (Ex. blood pressure, Hepatitus B, and early signs of HIV)

Question 7

What is the study of the cause of the disease?

Answer 7

Etiology

Question 8

A disease that is contracted while in the hospital

Answer 8

nosocomial disease

Question 9

Adverse reactions to medical treatment (from a physician)

Answer 9

iatrogenic disease

Question 10

A disease that has no known cause

Answer 10

idiopathic

Question 11

What type of disease has a quick onset and lasts a short period of time?

Answer 11

acute disease

Question 12

What type of disease manifest itself more slowly and lasts alonger time period of time

Answer 12

chronic disease

Question 13

What is an illness that is followed by lasting effects?

Answer 13

sequelae

Question 14

What is the name of disease that a person is believed to have?

Answer 14

diagnosis

Question 15

What is the predicted course and outcome of a disease?

Answer 15

prognosis

Question 16

What decreases normal tissue density?

Answer 16

destructive or subtractive disease

Question 17

What increases normal tissue thickness?

Answer 17

Additive or Sclerotic disease (Ex. Padgett’s)

Question 18

What is the investigation of disease in large groups?

Answer 18

Epidemiology

Question 19

What is the number of deaths caused by a particular disease averaged over a population?

Answer 19

Mortality rate

Question 20

What is the name for diseases present at birth and resulting from genetic or environmental factors? Ex. Down Syndrome

Answer 20

Congenital disease

Question 21

What type of disease is caused by developmental disorders genetically transmitted from either parent to child through abnormalities in genes? Ex. hemophillia

Answer 21

Hereditary disease

Question 22

What is transmitted by a single gene from either parent?

Answer 22

dominant gene

Question 23

What is transmitted by both parents?

Answer 23

Recessive gene

Question 24

What type of disease results from the body’s reaction to a localized injurious agent?

Answer 24

inflammatory disease

Question 25

What is tissue death common in acute inflammation called?

Answer 25

cellular necrosis

Question 26

What is a disease caused by the deterioration of the body?

Answer 26

degenerative disease

Question 27

The sum of all physical and chemical processes in the body is known as?

Answer 27

Metabolism

Question 28

What is caused by a disturbance of the normal physiologic function of the body?

Answer 28

metabolic disease

Question 29

What is the result from mechanical forces such as twisting or crushing of a body part or from the effects of ionizing radiation on the human body?

Answer 29

traumatic disease

Question 30

What is an injury of soft parts associated with rupture of the skin?

Answer 30

wound

Question 31

Bleeding into the tissue spaces as a result of capillary rupture is known as?

Answer 31

bruise or contusion

Question 32

A result in new abnormal tissue growth(tumors) is called?

Answer 32

neoplastic disease

Question 33

When cancerous cells are spread via blood vessels, this is called?

Answer 33

hematogenous spread

Question 34

When cancerous cells are spread via lymphatic system, this is called?

Answer 34

lymphatic spread

Question 35

When cancerous cells spread into the surrounding tissue by virtue of close proximity to the area, is known as?

Answer 35

invasion

Question 36

When cancerous cells travel to a distant site or organ is called?

Answer 36

seeding

Question 37

What is a decrease in cell size called?

Answer 37

atrophy

Question 38

What is an increase in cell size called?

Answer 38

hypertrophy

Question 39

How do you set your technique for destructive/subtractive diseases?

Answer 39

decrease your technique

Question 40

How do you set your technique for additive/sclerotic diseases?

Answer 40

increase your technique

Question 41

Name three things that have helped shift the cause of death from acute infections to chronic disease?

Answer 41

* biomedical and pharmaceutical advances * public health initiatives * social changes

Question 42

What is the most frequent cause of hospitalizations?

Answer 42

heart disease

Question 43

Identify the characteristics of acute inflammation?

Answer 43

* heat * redness of the skin * swelling * pain * some loss of function as the body fends to protect the injured part

Question 44

What are some common metabolic conditions?

Answer 44

* endocrine disorders * diabetes * disturbances of fluid and electrolytes balance * dehydration

Question 45

What is the most common disturbance of fluid balance in humans?

Answer 45

dehydration

Question 46

What is the difference between a malignant and benign neoplasm?

Answer 46

A benign neoplasm remains localized and is noninvasive while a malignant neoplasm continues to grow, spread, and invade other tissues.

Question 47

Name the primary modalities for treating cancer:

Answer 47

* surgery * chemotherapy * radiation therapy