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PEDIATRIE > PATOLOGIA ADOLESCENTULUI > Flashcards

PATOLOGIA ADOLESCENTULUI Flashcards

1
Q

cele 6 patologii ale adolescentului?

A
  1. substante interzise
  2. boli transm sexuala
  3. copil abuzat
  4. tulb mentale
  5. sarcina nedorita
  6. boli cr cu debut in adolescenta
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2
Q

cele 3 boli cr cu debut in adolescenta?

A
  1. dz
  2. cardiace
  3. respiratorii
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3
Q

planta de baza marijuana?

A

CANNABIS SATIVA

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4
Q

unde creste cannabis sativa?

A

locuri uscate si cu temp crescute

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5
Q

care este fractiunea responsabila de actiunea halucinogena din marijuana?

A

tetrahidrocanabiol (delta-9-THC)

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6
Q

cum se absoarbe THC?

A

RAPID oral sau intranazal

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7
Q

cat dureaza efectul marijuana?

A

10 min-o ora

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8
Q

substante responsabile de sd colinergic: 3

A
  1. fizostigmina
  2. edrofonium
  3. gaze inhalante
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9
Q

substante responsabile de sd opiod 3

A
  1. opiode
  2. sedative
  3. etanol
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10
Q

cele 4 sindroame asociate cosumului de droguri

A
  1. anticolinergic
  2. simpatomimetic
  3. colinergic
  4. opiod
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11
Q

substante responsabile pt sd simpatomimetic - 5

A
  1. cocaina
  2. amfetamina
  3. metamfetamina
  4. teofilina
  5. decongestionante nazale
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12
Q

substante responsabile pt sd anticolinergic - 3

A
  1. atropine
  2. antihistaminice
  3. antipsihotice
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13
Q

atropine - ce sd?

A

sd anticolinergic

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14
Q

antihistaminice - ce sd?

A

sd anticolinergic

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15
Q

antipsihotice - ce sd?

A

sd anticolinergic

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16
Q

opioide - ce sd?

A

sd opiod

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17
Q

sedative - ce sd?

A

sd opiod

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18
Q

etanol - ce sd?

A

sd opiod

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19
Q

fizostigmina - ce sd?

A

sd colinergic

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20
Q

edrofonium - ce sd?-

A

sd colinergic

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21
Q

gaze inhalante - ce sd?

A

sd colinergic

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22
Q

cocaina - ce sd?

A

sd simpatomimetic

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23
Q

amfetamina - ce sd?

A

sd simpatomimetic

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24
Q

metamfetamina - ce sd?

A

sd simpatomimentic

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25
Q

decongestionante nazale - ce sd?

A

sd simpatomimetic

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26
Q

teofilina - ce sd?

A

sd simpatomimetic

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27
Q

diaforeza

A

simpatomimetic si colinergic

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28
Q

salivatie si lacrimare

A

colinergic

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29
Q

hipertermie

A

anticolinergic si simpatomimetic

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30
Q

halucinatii si tulb comp

A

simpatomimetic

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31
Q

delir si vb continuu

A

anticolinergic

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32
Q

convulsii

A

anticolinergic, clinergic, opiod

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33
Q

confuzie si depresie snc

A

colinergic

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34
Q

detresa resp si coma

A

sd opiod

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35
Q

hiporeflexie

A

sd opiod

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36
Q

EPA

A

colinergic si opiod

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37
Q

hTA

A

opiod si uneori simpatomimetic

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38
Q

HTA

A

uneori simpatomimetica

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39
Q

TK

A

anticolinergic, uneori simpatomimetic si colinergic

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40
Q

BK

A

simpatomimetic si colinergic

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41
Q

tulb ritm

A

anticolinergic si simpatomimetic

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42
Q

mioza

A

colinergic si opiod

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43
Q

midriaza

A

anticolinergic si simpatomimetic

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44
Q

piele uscata si rosie

A

anticolinergic

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45
Q

retentie urinara

A

anticolinergic

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46
Q

tranzit intestinal incetinit

A

anticolinergic

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47
Q

hiperreflexie

A

simpatomimetic

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48
Q

fasciculatii musc

A

colinergic

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49
Q

durere abd si varsaturi

A

colinergic

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50
Q

incont urinara si fecala

A

colinergic

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51
Q

vf crestere fete

A

12 ami

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52
Q

vf crestere baieti

A

14 ani

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53
Q

cine trebuie sa faca testul Papanicolau?

A

fetele active sexual

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54
Q

ce depisteaza testul Papanicolau ?

A

modif neoplazice timpurii

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55
Q

cine trb sa faca screening pt BTS?

A

adolescenti activi sexual

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56
Q

cine au risc crescut HIV?

A
  1. cei care au minim 2 parteneri sexuali in ult 6 luni
    2.bisexualii
  2. homosexualii
  3. droguri iv
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57
Q

ce poate depista sumarul de urina/urocultura?

A
  1. cervicite
  2. vaginite
  3. uretrite
  4. ITU asimpt
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58
Q

screening HLG pt?

A

a. feripriva

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59
Q

ce se examineaza la fete la ex fizic?

A

sanii

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60
Q

ce se exam la baieti la ex fizic?

A

scrotul

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61
Q

> 200 mg/dl alcool?

A

risc crescut deces

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62
Q

> 500 mg/dl alcool?

A

evol fatala

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63
Q

consum alcool - clinic 4

A
  1. depresie SNC
  2. depresie resp
  3. diuretic
  4. toxic GI
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64
Q

tratament consum alcool - 2

A
  1. suport ventilator :<400 mg/dl
  2. dializa :>400 mg/dl
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65
Q

cat dureaza metab hepatica a alcoolului de 400mg/dl pt o pers care nu bea?

A

20 ore

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66
Q

au drogurile actiune terapeutica?

A

nu

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67
Q

f de risc in consumul de droguri - 5

A
  1. antisocial
  2. rez scolare slabe sau abandon scolar
  3. traume psihice
  4. acces facil
  5. familii dezorg
  6. tristete sau iritabilitate
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68
Q

st 1 consum droguri

A

risc potential folosire

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69
Q

st 2 consum droguri

A

experimentare

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70
Q

st 3 consum droguri

A

consum regulat

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71
Q

st 4 consum droguri

A

preocupare princ

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72
Q

st 5 cons droguri

A

dependenta

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73
Q

tratament heroina

A

diazepam sau metadona cura scurta

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74
Q

tratament ecstasy

A

nu are tratam in intoxicatia acuta

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75
Q

tratament amfetamina

A
  1. haloperidol sau droperidol pt agitatie sau deziluzie
  2. suportiv pt HTA, Htermie, aritmii
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76
Q

ce contraindicatie avem in tratam amfetamine si de ce?

A

fenotiazine
scad brusc TA si pragul convulsiilor

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77
Q

tratam marele D

A
  1. comunicare calma pt restab ct cu realit
  2. suportiv pt Htermia, HTA, convulsii
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78
Q

tratam tutun

A
  1. psihoterapie
  2. guma/spray nazal
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79
Q

ce drog scade libidoul?

A

heroina

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80
Q

tratam cocaina

A

suportiv intens in intox acuta

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81
Q

ce drog da constipatie?

A

heroina

82
Q

ce droguri dau midriaza?

A

marele d
cocaina

83
Q

ce droguri dau hipertermie?

A

marele D
cocaina
amfetamina

84
Q

ce droguri dau hipotermie

A

alcool
marijuana
heroina

85
Q

ce drog este analgezic?

A

heroina

86
Q

ce droguri fac vasodil?

A

alcool
heroina

87
Q

ce susbst scad memo?

A

alcool - scurta durata
marijuana

88
Q

ce subst dau euforie?

A
  1. marijuana
  2. alcool
  3. ecstasy
  4. cocaina
  5. heroina
    nu tutun, amfetamina, marele d
89
Q

ce subst dau tahicardie

A

marijuana
marele d

90
Q

ce subst dau HTA

A

marele D
cocaina
amfetamina

91
Q

ce subst dau psihoza

A

ecstasy
marele D
cocaina - idei paranoia

92
Q

ce subst scad energia?

A

alcool - creste t reactie
amfetamina - faza intermed

93
Q

ce subst cresc energia?

A

ecstasy
cocaina
amfetamina - faza initiala

94
Q

ce subst dau convulsii?

A

marele D
cocaina / parestezii

95
Q

aude culori si vede mirosuri

A

marele D

96
Q

perceprie gresita asupra corpului

A

marele D

97
Q

greata

A

marele D

98
Q

diuretic

A

alcool

99
Q

gastrita ac eroziva

A

alcool

100
Q

pancreatita ac

A

alcool

101
Q

toxic GI

A

alcool

102
Q

depresie resp

A

alcool
heroina

103
Q

cauza deces alcool

A

depresie resp

104
Q

cauza deces heroina

A

edem pulmonar

105
Q

tip depresie resp in cons de heroina

A

centrala - hipovent alveolara

106
Q

aritmie

A

amfetamine

107
Q

scade greutatea fatului in sarcina

A

tutun

108
Q

cu cat scade tutunul greutatea fatului in sarcina?

A

200g

109
Q

wheezing

A

tutun

110
Q

tuse cronica

A

tutun

111
Q

secretii

A

tutun

112
Q

risc IMA in cons tutun

A

asoc cu cu contraceptive orale estrogenice

113
Q

leucocite - cons tutun

A

creste

114
Q

hb, ht, mcv -cons tutun

A

creste

115
Q

agregare tromb - tutun

A

creste

116
Q

ce face cons de tutun in special la fete?

A

scade globulina

117
Q

ce face cons de tutun in special la baieti?

A

scade acidul uric

118
Q

heroina + cocaina =?

A

LETAL

119
Q

creat serica - tutun

A

scade

120
Q

albumina - tutun

A

scade

121
Q

scade judecata corecta

A

marijuana

122
Q

distorsioneaza perceptia timpului

A

marijuana

123
Q

scade atentia

A

marijuana

124
Q

devine vorbaret

A

alcool

125
Q

creste T reactie

A

alcool

126
Q

scade memo scurta durata

A

alcool

127
Q

creste activ motorie si scade oboseala

A

cocaina

128
Q

parestezii/convulsii

A

cocaina

129
Q

diazepam/metadona cura scurta

A

heroina

130
Q

necroza grasoasa/lipodistrofie/atrofie

A

heroina sc

131
Q

traseu liniar

A

heroina iv

132
Q

infectii cutanate

A

heroina

133
Q

haloperidol/droperidol

A

agitatia/deziluzia din amfetamina

134
Q

hepatocitoliza

A

heroina

135
Q

hiv si vhb +

A

heroina

136
Q

idei paranoice

A

cocaina

137
Q

1 tigareta de marijuana = ? g M = ? mg D-9-THC

A

1
20

138
Q

300 mg canabis =? g alcool

A

70

139
Q

1 tigareta = ? mg nicotina

A

10

140
Q

metabolit principal nicotina

A

cotinina

141
Q

timp 1/2 nicotina

A

10-20 min

142
Q

in cat timp apare efectul nictonei?

A

<20 secunde

143
Q

t1/2 cotinina

A

19-20 ore

144
Q

unde se poate detecta cotinina?

A
  1. urina
  2. ser
  3. saliva
145
Q

unde se abs nicotina?

A
  1. plaman
  2. piele
  3. tract gi
  4. muc bucala si nazala
146
Q

la ce conc de marele d apar efectele?

A

<20 micrograme

147
Q

in cat timp apar efectele marele d?

A

30-60 min

148
Q

in cat timp apare vf efecte marele d

A

2-4 ore

149
Q

in cat timp apare normalizare efecte marele d

A

10-12 ore

150
Q

trat alcool <400 mg/dl

A

suport vent

151
Q

trat alcool>400 mg/dl

A

dializa

152
Q

timp epurare alcool 400-0

A

20 h

153
Q

varsta de risc pt abuz

A

<4 ani / adolescent

154
Q

factori de risc abuz

A
  1. varsta
  2. f socioecon
  3. comunitati etnice/religioase
    4.abuz parental
  4. astepatari nerealiste/copil nedorit
155
Q

varsta de incidenta a obezitatii

A
  1. primul an
  2. 5-6 ani
  3. adolescent
156
Q

zone cu adipozitate crescuta la baieti

A

mamar si scrotal

157
Q

zone cu adipozitate crescuta la fete

A

brate - maini si degete

158
Q

clinic obezitate

A
  1. cresc greutatea si talia
  2. varsta osoasa avansata
  3. adipozitate crescuta
  4. pubertate precoce
  5. genu valgum
159
Q

screening pt obezitate

A
  1. imc
  2. ta
  3. colesterol total
  4. ahc : boli cv, dz, hta, H-colesterolemie
160
Q

complcatii obezitate

A
  1. cv: ta, colesterol total, ldl, vldl, tg crescute si hdl scazut
  2. hiperinsulinism
  3. modif osoase tibiale si femurale
    4.pulm: sd pickwick, modif teste funct, apnee in somn
161
Q

boala blount

A

modif oasoase tibiale, complicatii in obezitate

162
Q

sd pickwick

A

complicatie pulm a obezitatii

163
Q

apneea in somn

A

compl a obezitatii

164
Q

sd poland

A

hipoplazie sfarc + areola + struct per tor ipsilat

165
Q

genu valgum

A

clinic obezitate

166
Q

pubertate precoce

A

clinic obezitate

167
Q

vasrat osoasa avansata

A

clinic obezitate

168
Q

cu ce se trateaza acneea pubertara?

A

tetracicline
acid cis-retinoic

169
Q

probleme orto

A
  1. cresc repede oasele lungi
  2. creste tractiunea la locurile de insertie a muschilor
  3. scolioza idiopatica
170
Q

preventie bts

A
  1. comportament sexual sanatos
  2. bariere mecanice
  3. control periodic tu + partener
171
Q

sd ulcerative genitale - etio

A
  1. herpes
  2. treponema pallidum - sifilis
  3. haemophillus ducreyi
172
Q

vaginita -etio

A

1.tricomonas
2. candida
altele

173
Q

cervicita - etio

A
  1. neisseria gonoreea
  2. chlamydia trachomatis
  3. herpes - rar- ulceratii si necroze
174
Q

boala inflam pelv - etio

A
  1. neisseria gonoreea
  2. chlamydia trachomatis
175
Q

sd ulcerative genitale - clinic

A

vezicula se rupe spontan - ulceratie dureroasa

176
Q

boli inflam pelvine:

A
  1. endometrite
  2. salpingite
  3. abcese tubo-ovariene
  4. pelviperitonite
177
Q

epididmita - clinic

A
  1. edem scotal
  2. sensibilitate
  3. istoric - secretie uretrala remisa spontan
178
Q

uretrita la b - etio

A
  1. chlamydia trachomatis
  2. neisseria gonoreea
  3. trichomoas vaginalis
  4. ureaplasma urealyticum
  5. mycoplasma genitalium
179
Q

bts

A
  1. uretrita la baieti
  2. epididimita
  3. vaginita
  4. cervicita
  5. boli inflam pelvine
  6. sd ulcerative genitale
180
Q

cand apare sd premenstrual?

A

in a doua jum a ciclului menstrual si dispare odata cu debutul menstrei

181
Q

sd premenstrual 7

A
  1. sanii - cresc si durerosi
  2. oboseala
  3. cefalee
  4. creste apetitul - dulce si sarat
  5. iritabilitate
  6. tristete si depresie
    7.incap de conc
182
Q

cea mai frecv cauza de amenoree sec

A

himenul imperforat

183
Q

cum se manif himenul imperforat?

A

dureri abd lunare regulate
hematocolpos = masa atum la niv etaj abd mijl

184
Q

cand apare hematocolpos

A

himen imperforat - amenoree sec

185
Q

cauze amjenoree sec

A
  1. himen imperforat
  2. agenezie cervicala sau uterina
  3. sarcina
186
Q

cum dg sarcina?

A
  1. test sarcina
  2. hCG
187
Q

amenoree primara cauze

A
  1. anomalii cromozomiale / congen
  2. FSH, LH crescute
188
Q

cea mai frecv forma de dismenoree

A

primara

189
Q

ce se intampla in dismenoreea prmara?

A

endometrul produce PG F2 SI E2 care stimcontr miometrului

190
Q

dismenoreea secundara - cauze

A
  1. anomalii struct col/uter
  2. corp strain - sterilet
  3. endometrioza/endometrita
191
Q

ginecomastia la baieti

A
  1. tulb endo
  2. neoplasm
  3. b cronivce
  4. traumatism
    5 abuz de droguri
192
Q

ce parametru e modificat in sd amenoree- galactoree?

A

creste prolactina

193
Q

cauze sd amenoree-galactoree

A
  1. anti-HTA
  2. contraceptive orale
  3. tranchilizante
  4. adenom pituitar
194
Q

contraceptive orale -efecte

A
  1. stimuleaza local secretia mamara
  2. sd amenoree galactoree
  3. in asoc cu tutunul - IMA
195
Q

cauze - secr mamara

A
  1. medicam - contraceptive orale inclusiv
  2. sarcina
  3. neoplasme si infectii rar
196
Q

secretia purulenta mamara

A

in infectii

197
Q

secretia apoasa si albicioasa laptoasa mamara

A

in procese benigne

198
Q

secretia seroasa/sangv/serosangv mamara?

A

cancere si papiloame ductale

199
Q

mase tumorale mamare

A
  1. chist benign
  2. fibroadenom
200
Q

mase tumorale - dimens variab cu ciclul menstr

A

chistul benign

201
Q

mase tumorale - dimens ct

A

fibroadenom

202
Q

tratament obezitate

A
  1. dieta
  2. ex fizic
  3. psihologic: pacient + familie

PEDIATRIE (7 decks)

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