Pavlovian learning & conditioning Flashcards
(30 cards)
What is associative learning and an example of it?
Learning is about something being associated with something else e.g. Pavlovian learning/classical conditioning
Is the CR always the same as the UR?
No, sometimes they are the same kind of response but still differ
Describe the rats conditional responses to insulin injections
Rat injected with insulin (US), hypoglycaemia (UR). Injection repeated a number of times. Rat acquires CR (hyperglycaemia) which is opposite of UR (hypoglycaemia) CS = stimulus associated with being injected
What is the difference between hypoglycaemia and hyperglycaemia?
Hypoglycaemia = decrease in blood glucose, hyperglycaemia = increase in blood glucose
Pavlovian learning leads to what and differs from what?
Leads to acquisition of new reflexes, differs from habituation and sensitisation
Define unconditional stimulus
A stimulus that elicits a particular behavioural response without training
Define unconditional response
Response elicited by the US
Explain Pavlov’s dogs classical conditioning study
Measured saliva produced by dogs in response to food. Bell rung first and food paired, repeated together several times, UR
Explain before during and after in terms of stimuli and responses
Before, US elicits UR, during US + CS elicits UR, after CS elicits CR
Why is CS-US pairing not necessary?
If pairing is necessary, there can be no situations in which a CR is acquired when CS/US aren’t paired.
What is the consequence for the CR when there is an appetitive CS?
CR avoids location of CS
What will a CR do when the CS is aversive?
CR will approach the location of the CS
Explain delay conditioning
Stimulus persists longer. CS precedes US,
Define delay interval
Period of time between start of conditional and unconditional
Describe simultaneous conditioning
Training procedure that presents CS & US at the same time
What is trace conditioning?
Time between stimulus being presented and interval
How can backward conditioning be described?
US before CS, can have forward or backward versions in trace and delay conditioning.
What does whether the CR and UR are the same depend on?
Depends on whether the UR is effective at preparing the animal for the US. If not then CR is different from UR
Describe inhibitory conditioning
US is presented only if CS is not presented
What is the US and UR in eye-blink conditioning?
US = air puff to eye, UR = blink
Which types of conditioning were and were not effective in eye-blink conditioning?
Simultaneous conditioning, short delays and backwards conditioning are ineffective. Positive forward delays are more effective, but ineffective after 5 secs, trace ineffective after 2 secs
What do eye-blink CR’s show?
Show temporal anticipation
What is simultaneous conditioning?
CS & US are presented at the same time for the same period
Define temporal contiguity
CS and US occur close together in time. Closer = learning better
