PEACE OPS Flashcards
(15 cards)
Principles of peacekeeping [NIC] 3
- Non-Use of force except in Self defence and Defence of Mandate (Min use of force)
- Impartiality
- Consent of parties
Other successful factors of peacekeeping [PCL] 3
- Promotion of National and Local ownership
- Credibility
- Legitimacy
Types of peace ops
- Traditional
- Multidimensional
- Governance msn/Transitional Authority
- Special Political Msns
TRADITIONAL PEACEKEEPING
- Consent and coop of the belligerents
- Limited to unarmed MILOBS or lightly armed peacekeepers.
- Is employed after Ceasefire agreement and parties to the conflict have fully consent to the UN.
Objectives of TRADITIONAL PEACEKEEPING
- Monitoring Mil aspects of a political agreement
- Prevent isolated incidents from escalating into full down conflicts.
- Provide military advice for political negotiation for comprehensive solution.
Military tasks of TRADITIONAL PEACEKEEPING
- Monitor border or DMZ
- Monitoring and verification ceasefire, truce and armistice assignment.
- Supervise wdl of force
Eg – UNTSO (Middle East) and UNDOF (Golan Heights)
MULTI-DIMENSIONAL PEACEKEEPING OPS
- International community response to the new intra state conflicts and complex emergency environment.
- May be authorised under Chapter VI or chapter VII
- Deployed in insecure and volatile environment where consent is hard to obtain
Objectives of MULTI-DIMENSIONAL PEACEKEEPING OPS
- International community response to the new intra state conflicts and complex emergency environment.
- May be authorised under Chapter VI or chapter VII
- Deployed in insecure and volatile environment where consent is hard to obtain
Tasks of MULTI-DIMENSIONAL PEACEKEEPING OPS
- Monitoring law enforcement
- Supporting National judiciary
- Monitoring HR
- Supervise electoral process
- DDR
- Repatriation and rehabilitation of refugee
Eg – MONUSCO (The United Nations Org Stabilization Msn in the Democratic Republic of the Congo)
GOVERNANCE MSN/TRANSITIONAL AUTHORITY
UN to act as interim Admin or governance until stable govt in country Eg – UNTAC (UN transitional Authority in Cambodia)
SPECIAL POLITICAL MSNS
The term “Special Political Msn” is a term that covers: -
(a) Political Fd Msns.
(b) Special Envoys.
(c) Expert Panels to monitor Sy Council sanctions.
In general, they tend to be involved in conflict prevention, peacemaking or peacebuilding. The major difference between a peacekeeping op and a Special Political Msn (SPM) fd Msn is uniformed personnel. In SPM fd Msns, there are very few or no uniformed personnel.
Mandated tasks for UN PKO
With respect to UN peacekeeping ops, the Sy Council is particularly concerned about:
1. Women, peace and Sy (1325/1820 in 2000/2008 respectively).
2. Children and armed conflict (1612 in 2005).
3. POC in armed conflict (1674 in 2006).
Spectrums of UN initiative (UN PKO Components)
UN peace keeping org possesses some components
1. Military Component. Tps will be provided and a cdr appointed to conduct a specific Msn (Formed unit, UNMOs, LOs, SOs)
2. Civilian component. Civil admin staff of the op is provided.
3. Command in the fd. SG will appoint either a SRSG, FC, CMO or COS to take a comd of opn
4. Admin. A committee arranges for the procurement of the necessary stores for the maint of op and directs the op of the civilian admin staff in the fd.
Military role in UN peacekeeping [S-SEP] 4
- Supporting a ceasefire agreement between two or more parties
- Supporting a peace process and national authorities after civil conflict.
- Extend initial sy and stability gains into long term peace building
- Providing sy and protection in response to conflict
Peace Enforcement vs Robust Peacekeeping
- Peace Enforcement involves use of force at strategic level, without the consent of the parties to the conflict.
- Robust Peace Keeping involves the use of force at a tac level and requires consent of host country and/or main parties to the conflict
- Both requires authorization of the use of force by the Sy council
