Pedia Flashcards
(192 cards)
1
Q
Difference between cephal hematoma from caput succedaneum
A
limitation of swelling in the area
2
Q
Alpha fetoprotein fully diagnostic of
A
neural tube defect
3
Q
new born infant presents with skin lesions typical of erythema toxicum. You want to confirm the diagnosis by looking at the contents inside the lesion
A
eosinophils
4
Q
You are evaluating an infant born at 39 weeks gestation weighing 2000g. Which of the following would be the appropriate classification of this infant?
A. Term birth and aga
B. Preterm aga
C. Term sga
D. Preterm sga
A
C. Term sga
5
Q
Normal Heart Rate of an Infant
A
120-160
6
Q
Premature except
A
Transparent
gelatinous skin
7
Q
true of hypothermia in a newborn except:
A
can lead to metabolic alkalosis
8
Q
a normal term new born infant should have one of the ff:
HR 100-120
Apgar score 4-0
Body temp 35.5 - 36.5
RR of 30-60
A
RR of 30-60
9
Q
Temperature regulation of newborn involved in the following except:
A
Humidification
10
Q
Fetal heart rate of more than 160 via fetal heart rate monitoring indicates
A
hypoxia
11
Q
Late decelerations noted on fetal heart monitoring indicates
A
fetal hypoxia from utero placental insufficiency
12
Q
Low MSAF except:
A
Neural tube defect
13
Q
Quadruple test:
A
inhibin A
14
Q
Contents inside the lesion of
erythema toxicum:
A
eosinophils
15
Q
Useful in determining fetal viability:
A
fetal ultrasound
16
Q
Total body water of newborn:
A
70%-75%
17
Q
Which of the following skin findings in newborn cannot be resolved?
A
Port-wine stain
18
Q
Thermoneutral envi. is the environmental temp. of which the neonate normal temperature retained :
A
Minimum oxygen consumption
19
Q
Thermoneutral envi. is the environmental temp. of which the neonate normal temperature retained :
A
Minimum oxygen consumption
20
Q
Major function of the surfactant phospholipids for lung maturity:
A
Decrease the work of breathing
21
Q
A newborn is acrocyanotic, facial grimace on stimulation, heat rate of 120, active crying. What is the ballard scoring?
A
8
22
Q
4 hours after birth is noted swelling of presenting part that does not cross the suture line is?:
A
Cephalhematoma
23
Q
Sleeping in infants on the average, is how many hours?
A
15- 16 hrs
24
Q
How many percent of newborn should have voided within 24hrs?
A
92%
25
Brown fat =
nape of neck, axilla, surrounding the kidney
26
Normal weightloss 4-5 days after birth =
5-10%
27
Sleeping position for newborns to prevent SIDS? -
lay on their back
28
risk factors in the antepartum period include all except:
d. Mother age between 19 and 35
29
The following intrapartum factors places the newborn high risk for morbidity and mortality except:
A. Premature labor
B. Abnormal presentation
C. Rupture of membrane more than 24 hours
D. Clear amniotic fluid
D. Clear amniotic fluid
30
All of the following are cause of low birth weight except:
A. Poor prenatal care
B. Poor nutrition
C. Mother drinking, smoking and has drug habits
D. Mother of age 19- 25
D. Mother of age 19- 25
31
High risk
32 weeks
32
Best description of apgar score:
It assess neonates to determine whether the infant needs immediate medical care
33
Diseases including in the screening of asian infants, except:
cystic fibrosis
34
.in the new born term infant which of following is NOT correct:
Single palmar crease
35
passage of meconium occurs w/in 12 hrs of birth. It is expected that 92% of preterm and 95% of term indants pass meconium within:
24 hrs.
36
Able to draw a square:
4yrs old
37
Developmental normal child who can unbutton clothing, put on shoes, ride a tricycle, build a tower of 10, and stands momentarily on one foot are observe at what age?
3 yo
38
Average head circumference of 1 y/o?
45-47
39
Approximate weight of a 4 year old:
age in year x 2 + 8 = 16kg
40
Most advanced language fxn for a 2 year old:
complete sentences
41
Peak growth development, decrease need for sleep?
Preschool
42
Characteristic of 1 month old except?
follows cooing
43
First deciduous teeth to appear at 8-10 months:
Central tooth
44
The peak of brain development appears at this time:
Infancy
45
All of the following primitive reflexes are normal if persists in 4 to 6 yrs except?
ROOTING REFLEX
46
An example of 4 year old developmental milestone?
HOPS ON ONE FOOT
47
In a kindergarten with 4 year Old, what can be observed:
fine movements
48
The most advance language function that can be expected to a 2 years old child is? :
Combine 2 different words
49
Cope with new awareness of vulnerability through this consoling habit:
thumbsucking
50
Leila is able to draw diamond, can dress up completely and can follow serial commands. Her age is approximately:
6 years old
51
Jose can draw a square, jump or hop and can talk in complete sentences is:
A. 2 years old
B. 3 years old
C. 4 years old
C. 4 years old
52
Earliest sign of puberty among boys:
Enlargement of testicles
53
Earliest sign of puberty among girls:
Appearance of breast buds
54
one of determinants of sexual maturity rating in girls:
configuration of the breast
55
value of sexual maturity rating
A. predictive capacity
b. predicting final size of breast, testes
c. physical and physiologic
d. sexual activity
c. physical and physiologic
56
Ana is in SMR 4, what changes in her body are occuring?
Breast and papilla are elevated as small mount with increase in areola diameter
57
Tanner stage with pubic hair :
SMR 3
58
The peak growth of testes and penis usually occur during this period:
SMR 4
59
Sperma, appearance of acne and axillary perspiration among boys usually occur during this period:
SMR 3
60
Normal age during peak of height velocity in girls?
12 years old
61
Normal sequence of events in the growth spurt?
Enlargement of hands and feet then arms and legs then trunk and chest
62
Papilledema:
Flame shaped hemorrhages
63
Bulging fontanelle:
ICP Increased
64
Not characteristic of fetal lung:
Not air filled alveoli
65
Aspirate meconium is associated w/:
fetal distress
66
In hx taking, the answers the question "why was the px brought to the hospital"?
Chief complaint
67
16 years old female with metabolic syndrome. Loss of consciousness. Obese. Fundoscopic findings?
Flame shaped
68
True of primitive reflex:
reflect integrity of the brainstem and spinal cord
69
pedia neuro case with muscle strength of grade 4:
full range of motion some resistance
70
Abnormalities in CN III, IV, and VI results in defect EXCEPT:
a. Eyelid
b. Eye movement
c. Palpebral fissure
d. Corneal
d. Corneal
71
16 yr old female who is pregnant complains of headache and has blurred of disc on fundunscopy. What is the cranial nerve affected?
OPTIC NERVE
72
Facial numbness on the left face, px cannot whistle or show teeth:
CN VII (facial Nerve)
73
Physical exam includes:
inspection, auscultation,
| palpation, percussion
74
What is the reason of getting accurate history taking and physical examination:
to diagnose and to treat
75
Usually the general data of a good history includes all of the ff EXCEPT :
D. Institution of Referral
76
A good clinical history is one of the ff :
from the patient itself
77
True about goal of nutrition except:
nutritional status is seen in clinical manifestation alone
78
1 yr old without weight gain 2,3 kg. Who much is the tCR?
800-1100 kcal
79
3 yr old boy. What is the protein req if diet is 2g/kg?
112
80
Vit c - decreases
incidence of scurvy
81
Anti beri-beri-
Vit B1
82
Keratinization-
Vit A
83
Anemia is not corrected by iron depletion, may be one of the nutrients?
A. Mg
B. Copper
C. Selenium
D. Zinc
B. Copper
84
Which of the following is the result of introducing delayed complimentary feeding?
D.decreases the time to learn and master new feeding behavior
85
An anthopometric indication that is unaffected by excess fluid or fats is.
Height
86
Infants exclusively breastfed for 6 months will have
• Fewer episodes of allergic manifestations
87
Hormone responsible for milk synthesis
prolactin
88
Hormone responsible for milk ejection
OXYTOCIN
89
What component in human milk provides specific immunity against many organism?
Secretory IgA
90
Which of the following would you suggest a woman with inverted nipples do during the 3rd trimester?
B. Do nothing because natural changes in the breast during pregnancy and the infant suckling may evert the nipples.
91
A mother with a 3 year old baby presents with saore nipples. It persist. The most likely source of problem is:
D. the baby’s chin is not touching the breast
92
SIGNS OF ADEQUATE breast milk intake except
baby sleeps thru the night
93
Severe engorgement due to:
infrequent feedings
94
Breastfeeding mother reddened breast. Fever Management except:
C. interrupt breastfeeding
95
greatest effect on breast milk production -
supplementation with artificially produced milk
96
If with Hx of allergy continue exclusive breastfeeding until -
6 months
97
Non essential trace element
Cobalt 30.
98
Cows milk, for the purpose of gaining weight and height -
Fresh milk
99
Free radical scavenger
Vitamin E
100
Caloric content of most infant formula -
20cal/oz
101
Daily iron
2-3mg
102
34. Ave distribution of calories in a well balanced diet in infants and children:
Protein 15% fats 35% carbs 50%
103
Main form of carbohydrate is found in milk of cow:
lactose
104
Main source of water of an infant:
dietary
105
Essential amino acids for Low birthweight infants:
Arginine, cysteine, taurine
106
Breastmilk:
contains lactoferrin
107
Vitamin obtained through bacterial synthesis alone:
Pantothenic acid
108
Free fatty acid:
9kcal
109
Size of ET tube; 3year old with pneumonia developed respiratory distress:
5cm
110
Which is TRUE regarding taking temperature in pediatrics?
Earwax does not affect the temperature
111
A 9 year old needs measles vaccination. Where should you inject?
Vastus Lateralis
112
14 year old, female w/ rheumatic fever... given benzathine penicillin
Gluteus Medius
113
Which of the following is not an indication of advance airway management?
Yung may intravenous access...
114
5 y/o female came in for a well child consult, what is the ideal weight -
18
115
5 y/o female came in for a well child consult, what is the ideal weight -
*growth chart*
5th percentile
116
8 y/o male came in for child consultation what is the normal value of an uppersegment lower segnment ratio?
1:1
117
12y/o female with growth hormone deficiency -
low comparable to height
118
7y/o female. Septic shock. Indications for intraosseous insertion -
pt. is in hypovolemic shock and failed 3 attempts of IV access line
119
Absolute contraindications of
| intraosseous insertion
Imperfecta infection fracture
120
Permanent deafness and Ototoxicity:
Gentamycin and Furosemide
121
Adverse reaction of penicillin :
anaphylactic shock.
122
Drug contraindicated in breastfeeding mothers:
Ergotamine
123
Drug that inhibits hepatic enzyme metabolism of drug:
Cimetidine
124
Coadministered with theophylline may increase plasma concentration & toxicity-
Erythromycin
125
Will cause neural tube defects-
Carbamazepine
126
Theophylline ... asthma ... lower its clearance?
Rifampicin
127
Anticoagulant drug that can be given to pregnant women because of its high molecular weight is:
Heparin
128
Which invalid condition enhances drug absorption from GIT of neonates and infants:
Delayed gastric emptying
129
Thiopental sodium increases peristalsis. Thiopenal given intravenously as anesthesia to pregnant mother for CS readily cross the placenta to cause sedation and apnea because it is:
lipid soluble
130
Used for status epilepticus?
Diazepam
131
In which ff condition gentamycin can be raduced -
asphixiated infants
132
Reduced protein binding drugs is due to
hyalbuminemia
133
Which of the following conditions should Aminoglycosides drug dosage should be reduced?
Asphyxiated infants
134
A newborn female patient with presenting meningocele, craniofacial and cleft palate -
Valproic acid
135
Teratogenic action of specific drugs on the fetus of a pregnant mother depends on which stage of fetal development that increases the risk of congenital malformation? -
EMBRYONIC PHASE
136
Drug that doesn’t require monitoring –
DIAZEPAM
137
Most of the drugs in the breastmilk are excreted by what mechanism?
Simple Passive Diffusion
138
A pregnant mom is consulting of premature contractions, you are expecting of RDS, what would you prescribe -
Corticosteroids
139
All of the following anti-epileptic drugs well-known to cause malformation to epileptic pregnant women except:
Phenobarbitals
140
All of the following drug affect lactation except:
Furosamide
141
Increase absorption of IM meds
C. exercise
142
Meds frequently prescribed on pregnant pt
D. prenatal vitamins
143
The most commonly prescribed medication in pregnant women is:
A. Analgesic/antipyretic
B. Antihistamine
C. Antibiotic
D. Prenatal vitamin
D. Prenatal vitamin
144
When given concomitantly with prednisone or cyclosporine, can cause graft rejection in kidney transplant
A. Rifampicin
B. Ampicillin
C. INH
D. Tetracycline
A. Rifampicin
145
Most Drugs excreted by:
passive diffusion
146
Anti epileptic drugsd can cause congenital maltransformation:
except Phenobarbital
147
Amoxicillin if administered orally will transform into:
AMPICILLIN
148
2500g infant born at 36weeks AOG is 37cm, crown rump length 27, hypotonia. Most likely prenatal agent that will affect the newborn:
alcohol
149
Important site of drug metabolism. Especially the aromatic oxidation reaction in the fetus:
placenta
150
Target organ for the teratogenic effect of tetracycline:
teeth and bones
151
Type of adverse drug reaction when dosage prescribed is excessive
Toxic reaction
152
Advantages of cefotaxime over aminoglycosides include all except
A. Greater effect in deep tissue infection
B. Less nephrotoxic
C. No renal monitoring
D. More frequent dosing
D. More frequent dosing
153
Side effect of salbutamol
Tachycardia
154
Teratogenic effect of folic acid deficiency:
A. Spinal cord, bones
B. Nerves
C. Kidney
D. Eyes
A. Spinal cord, bones
155
Phase I reaction, except:
A. Conjungation
B. Hydroxylation
C. Oxidation
D. Reduction
A. Conjungation
156
Phase I reaction, except:
A. Conjungation
B. Hydroxylation
C. Oxidation
D. Reduction
A. Conjungation
157
An infant is born without prenatal care determine
gestational age most
indicative of a full term baby has?
a. Visible veins
b. Long Lanugo on back
c. Palpable breast <1cm
d. Soft pinna ear
c. Palpable breast <1cm
158
32 weeks AOG ?
a. 1000
b. 1,500
c. 2000
d. 2500
c. 2000
159
Blood flow of foramen ovale:
| -
from right atrium to left atrium
160
Full term newborn has a diffuse rash on day 3 the day of discharge you have diagnosed Erythema
toxicum. Which of the ff is true about erythema toxicum?
it is more common among term
161
All newborns have difficulty with cold. To control
temperature, the ff should be done except
A. Dry infant
B. Wrap in dry warm blanket
C. Aluminum foil wrap
D. Well insulated hot water
D. Well insulated hot water
162
Mother brought infant to your office for newborn visit, she is very concerned about a pigmented skin lesion that was not discussed with her in the hospital. Which of the ff is true about this pigmented lesion as a slate gray spots(Mongolian spots)?
they are identified in over 81% of asian infants and
| 90% africans
163
Premature EXCEPT ---
transparent gelatinous skin
164
The normal body temperature of newborns is
A. 34.5-35.5
B. 35.5-36.5
C. 36.5-37.5
D. 33.5-34.5
C. 36.5-37.5
165
Biophysical score assess fetal well being all of the
parameter except?
A. Fetal blood pressure
B. Fetal heart tone
C. Amniotic fluid
D. Fetal breathing
A. Fetal blood pressure
166
low maternal MSAF in early 2nd trimester of pregnancy is associated with all of the ff EXCEPT
incorrect AOG estimates
167
A newborn can take up to how many hour to transition from intrauterine to placental support.
12 hours
168
As pregnancy advances the concentration of each constituents of amniotic fluid increases except:
A. Electrolytes
B. Estrol
C. Phospholipids
D. Creatinine
A. Electrolytes
169
The fall of peripheral vascular resistance immediately after birth is caused by?
A. Increase in pulmonary blood flow
B. Increase in arterial pCO2
C. Initiation of respiration
D. Increase in pO2
C. Initiation of respiration
170
Which of the statement regarding reflexes is not correct:
a. Some reflexes stays throughout life others disappear
b. some researchers believes reflexes stimulate the brain toward development
c. reflexes can serve as diagnostic tool for pediatricians because they appear and disappear on a regular time table
d. nota
d. nota
171
5 min apgar is more predictive than 1 min apgar
true or false
false
172
5 min apgar is more predictive than 1 min apgar
true or false
false
173
Post natal cardiovascuar changes seen in newborn infants except
a. Closure of foramen ovale
b. Closure of ductus
c. Pulmonary vascular resistance increases
d. Pulmonary vascular resistance decreases
c. Pulmonary vascular resistance increases
174
One of the following is not characteristic of fetal
circulation
a. Ductus arteriosus is patent
b. no exchange of gases in fetal lungs
c. Patent foramen ovale
d. Ductus venosus closes
d. Ductus venosus closes
175
At what age a child could speak 75% intelligeable.
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
c. 3
176
birthweight of an infant ususally boudles at?
6 mos
177
Cognitive development in Early Adolescence:
Parallel to formal/operational conditioning
178
Moral development in Middle Adolescence:
Moral ethics in right or wrong based on peer groups
179
Part of pediatrics history are siblings, parents:
Family history
180
True of sexuality in Adolescence:
Sexual behavior other than masturbation is common
181
the higher metabolic rate of infants than adults
-3x more than adults
182
NOT an absolute contraindications in breast feeding mothers
HIV
183
One of the ff is not used in the assessment of nutritional status of a child with acute diarrhea
- Deviations from average height
184
The presence of this vitamins facilitates absorption of iron
VITAMIN C
185
The best measure to prevent malnutrition and diarrheal diseases
Breastfeeding
186
Recommended dietary allowance for vitamin A in an infant
-375ug
187
For a mother to sustain breastfeeding, one of
| the following is recommended:
- Feeding of breast milk without any additional food or drink including water for 6mos
188
Deficiency of this vitamin leads to Acrodermatitis Enterohepatica
zinc
189
Fluorosis usually evident with the intake of fluoride in this level:
- Fluoride of 4-8mg in 24hrs
190
Fluorosis usually evident with the intake of fluoride in this level:
- Fluoride of 4-8mg in 24hrs
191
A 2 year old infant was brought by bleeding
| episodes. History revealed that the baby is daily breastfed by mother. The most probable bleeding is deficiency of:
-vitamin K
192
Breastmilk contains lactoferrin which has inhibitory effect on
the growth of enterococyte
true or false
true
