Pediatrics

Question 1

How do you test for the glabellar reflex in infants?

Answer 1

Tap the bridge of the infant’s nose

Question 2

How do you test for the extrusion reflex in infants?

Answer 2

Depress the infant’s tongue, should cause the infant to stick out their tongue

Question 3

How do you test for the rooting reflex in infants?

Answer 3

Stroke the infant’s cheek, should cause the infant to turn towards that side and suck

Question 4

How do you test for the asymmetric tonic neck reflex in infants?

Answer 4

Turn the infant’s head to one side, should cause the infant to extend their arm and leg to that side and flex their arm and leg on the other side

Question 5

T/F: A child exhibiting discomfort while walking is a potential indication of child physical maltreatment.

Answer 5

False. This is a potential indication of child sexual maltreatment

Question 6

How do you straighten the ear canal of children younger than 3 years old?

Answer 6

Pull the pinna downward and back

Question 7

How do you straighten the eye canal of children older than 3 years old?

Answer 7

Pull the pinna upward and back

Question 8

T/F: A child who has acute Kawasaki disease will have a fever that is responsive to antipyretics.

Answer 8

False. A child who has acute Kawasaki disease will have a fever that is NOT responsive to antipyretics or antibiotics.

Question 9

What is the BRAT diet?

Answer 9

Bananas, rice, applesauce, and toast.

Contains little nutritional value, inadequate amounts of protein and electrolytes, and is high in simple carbohydrates.

Contraindicated for a child with acute diarrhea

Question 10

T/F: Popcorn is a choking hazard for toddlers.

Answer 10

True

Question 11

When can a child with varicella return to school?

Answer 11

The child should return to school once all the lesions have crusted over. Varicella is no longer contagious after crusts have formed on all lesions.

Question 12

T/F: Toddlers participate in toddler play.

Answer 12

True.

Question 13

What age group can sit unsupported and has a crude pincer grasp?

Answer 13

8 months

Question 14

What age group does separation anxiety begin?

Answer 14

4 months

Question 15

When does the posterior fontanel close?

Answer 15

2 months

Question 16

When do infants receive the first influenza vaccination?

Answer 16

6 months

Question 17

When does the anterior fontanel close?

Answer 17

12-18 months

Question 18

When the does the birth weight double, and when does the infant roll from front to back?

Answer 18

6 months

Question 19

When does the birth weight triple, and when can the infant walk with help?

Answer 19

12 months

Question 20

What age group does separation anxiety peak and at what age group does ritualism occur?

Answer 20

Toddler (1-3 year)

Question 21

What age group rides a tricycle and alternates feed going up and down stairs?

Answer 21

3 years

Question 22

What age group can jump rope and tie their shoelaces?

Answer 22

5 years

Question 23

What age group has magical thinking and partakes in pretend play?

Answer 23

Preschooler (3-6 year)

Question 24

What age group walls independently and can use a cup well?

Answer 24

15 months

Question 25

What age group can skip and hop and throws a ball over their head reliably?

Answer 25

4 years

Question 26

What are contributing factors of child neglect and abuse?

Answer 26

Knowledge deficit Young maternal age <1 year of age Chronic stress

Question 27

What needle size should be used for IM injections?

Answer 27

22-25G, 1/2 to 1 inch

Question 28

What are the manifestations of Tetralogy of Fallot?

Answer 28

Cyanosis and hypoxia

Question 29

What are the components of Tetralogy of Fallot?

Answer 29

Overriding aorta Pulmonic stenosis Right ventricular hypertrophy Ventricular septal defect

Question 30

T/F: Waking up can be a trigger of a hypercyanotic spell.

Answer 30

True

Question 31

T/F: For feeding newborn who has a cleft lip, there are no special feeding devices.

Answer 31

False

Question 32

T/F: For feeding newborn who has a cleft lip, you should introduce solid foods after 12months.

Answer 32

False

Question 33

What is the most objective way to measure hydration in children?

Answer 33

Weight

Question 34

A loss of 0.5kg body weight is equal to how many mL of water?

Answer 34

500mL

Question 35

What are contributing factors of hyperbilirubinemia?

Answer 35

Prematurity Birth injury Rh negative mom

Question 36

For a toddler who has glomerulonephritis, what is the priority intervention?

Answer 36

Assess blood pressure every 1 hour

Question 37

What is the most common mode of transmission for communicable disease?

Answer 37

Airborne

Question 38

What diseases have unusual symptoms or risks?

Answer 38

Fifth Disease (Hand, foot, mouth) Meningitis

Question 39

What are expected findings of sickle cell anemia?

Answer 39

-Chronic anemia -Cool extremities -Pain -Delayed onset of puberty -Renal involvement

Question 40

How do you know if pancrelipase powder is working?

Answer 40

Weight gain

Question 41

Can Benadryl be given to children under 12 years of age?

Answer 41

Yes.

Question 42

What immunization should be administered to an 18yo who is planning to move into a campus dorm?

Answer 42

Meningococcal polysaccharide

Question 43

What is the most common food allergy in children?

Answer 43

Cow's milk. Some children are sensitive to the protein casein found in cow's milk.

Question 44

Until what age is the Babinski reflex present?

Answer 44

Until 1 year

Question 45

When is the first dose of MMR administered?

Answer 45

12 to 15 months

Question 46

What immunizations are administered at 2-months?

Answer 46

Hib (Haemophilus influenzae type B) IPV (inactivated polio virus)

Question 47

T/F: It is normal for a 5-month-old infant to have a head lag when pulled from a lying to a sitting position.

Answer 47

False.

Question 48

T/F: For an 8-year-old who has a deep puncture injury, it is okay to administered an adult tetanus booster (Td).

Answer 48

True. Td is recommended for wound prophylaxis in children ages 7 years and older.

Question 49

What temperature should the water heater be?

Answer 49

Water heater should not exceed 49 degrees celcius (120 fahrenheit)

Question 50

T/F: Skim milk is okay for infants to drink.

Answer 50

False. Skim milk is not recommended until after age 2 since it lacks essential fatty acids.

Question 51

When should infants begin vocalizing vowel sounds?

Answer 51

7 months

Question 52

T/F: For a 12-year-old child who has ingested bleach, immediate administration of activated charcoal is warranted.

Answer 52

False. Because it can infiltrate any tissue that is burned

Question 53

T/F: For a 12-year-old child who has ingested bleach, treatment focuses on neutralization of the chemical.

Answer 53

False. Neutralization can result in heat injury to tissues due to an exothermic reaction. This might result in both chemical and thermal burns of tissues

Question 54

When are pinworm specimens collected?

Answer 54

Collected in the morning as soon as the child wakes up and before the child bathes or has a bowel movement.

Question 55

T/F: Periorbital edema is an expected finding in a child who has glumerulonephritis.

Answer 55

True

Question 56

Koplik spots are manifestations of which condition?

Answer 56

Measles. Koplik spots are small, irregular oral lesios with bluish-white center

Question 57

Parotitis is an expected finding of which condition?

Answer 57

Mumps

Question 58

A strawberry tongue is an expected finding of which condition?

Answer 58

Scarlet fever

Question 59

Paroxysmal cough is an expected finding of which condition?

Answer 59

Pertussis

Question 60

Following a surgical repair of a cleft palate, what instrument should the RN plan to use to feed a 12-month-old infant?

Answer 60

Cup, to prevent trauma and injury to the suture line

Question 61

T/F: A preschooler views death as temporary and interchangeable with life.

Answer 61

True

Question 62

Are bagels and marshmellows okay for infants to eat?

Answer 62

No. They're hard to chew.

Question 63

How often should a 3-month-old's ileostomy bag be checked?

Answer 63

Every 4 hours.

Question 64

T/F: The rotavirus is not contraindicated for infants with intussusception.

Answer 64

False. Rotavirus vaccine is contraindicated for infants with intussusception.

Question 65

What are the stages of separation anxiety?

Answer 65

Stage 1: Protest Stage 2: Despair Stage 3: Denial or detachment

Question 66

What are the characteristics of each stage of separation anxiety?

Answer 66

Stage 1: Protest, crying and screaming, attempting to looking for parent Stage 2: Despair, sucking thumb, inactivity, refusing to eat/drink Stage 3: Denial or detachment, child appears happy and interacting with strangers