Pediatrics Flashcards

1
Q

Normal Vital signs for an infant < 1yr

A

RR:30-60
pulse:100-160
SBP: >60

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2
Q

Normal vital signs for a toddler age 1-3

A

RR:24-40
pulse:90-150
SBP: >70

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3
Q

Normal vitals for preschool (4-5 yr)

A

RR:22-34
pulse:80-140
SBP>75

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4
Q

Normal Vitals for age 6-12

A

RR:18-30
pulse: 70-120
SBP:>80

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5
Q

adolescent vitals 13-18

A

RR:12-20
pulse:60-100
SPB:>90

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6
Q

Developmental milestones: 2 mo

A

coos and makes gurgling sounds
can hold head up and begins to push up when laying on tummy
begins to smile at people
pays attention to faces

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7
Q

Developmental milestones: 4 mo

A

holds head steady, unsupported

may be able to roll over from tummy to back

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8
Q

Developmental milestones: 6 mo

A
babbling
responds to own name
rolls over in both directions
knows familiar faces
likes to play with others
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9
Q

Developmental milestones: 9 mo

A

sits without support
crawls
may be afraid of strangers
picks up things between thumbs and index finger

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10
Q

Developmental milestones: 12 mo

A

says “mama” and “dada”

follows simple directions

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11
Q

Developmental milestones: 18 mo

A

says several single words
walks alone
simple pretend play

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12
Q

Developmental milestones: 3 years old

A

can name most familiar objects
talks well enough for strangers to understand most of the time
runs easily

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13
Q

Developmental milestones: 4 years old

A

hops and stands on 1 foot for up to 2 seconds

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14
Q

Developmental milestones: 5 years old

A

speaks very clearly
can use toilet on own
counts 10 or more objects

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15
Q

Developmental milestones: 7-8 years old

A

adult proficiency with language
major improvements in strength and coordination
“concrete operational thinking” (focuses on the present)
moral development is simple (right and wrong)
more independent socially

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16
Q

Developmental milestones: Adolescence

A

formal operational thinking (consider future consequences)
moral thought is more sophisticated
increasing autonomy and peer influences

17
Q

Hepatitis B vaccine

A
administered in 3 doses
at birth (hospital), at 1-2 mo, and at 6-18 mo
18
Q

Diptheria,Tentanus, and pertussis vaccines (DTaP)

A

can be given at the same time as other recommended vaccines but should not be mixed in the same syringe
-given at 2 mo, 4 mo, 6 mo, 15-18 mo and 4-6 years of age

19
Q

CI to DTaP

A

anyphylactic rxn to vaccine or its components
encephalopathy within 7d of previous dose w/o other identifiable cause
progressive neuro disorder

20
Q

when do you give H. influenza serotype b (Hib)?

A

PedVaxHIB- 2 dose series at 2 and 4 mo and booster at 12-15 mo
ActHIB 3 dose series at 2, 4 and 6 mo and as a booster at 12-15 mo

21
Q

when do you administer poliovirus vaccine?

A

IPV is administered SQ or IM in 4 doses

2,4,6-18 months and 4-6 years

22
Q

measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) vaccine

A

live attenuated virus

first dose administered at 12-15 mo of age with second dose at school entry (4-6 yo)

23
Q

True CI’s to MMR vaccine?

A
pregnancy
known altered immunodeficiency
long term immunosuppressive therapy 
hematologic or solid tumors
* if thrombocytopenia w/i 6 w of prior MMR, do not get another dose b/c increase risk for immune thrombocytopenia purpura
24
Q

Varicella Vaccine (Varivax)

A

Live attenuated

2 dose series admin SQ or IM at 12-15 mo and 4-6 yr

25
what should you avoid after varicella vaccine?
salicylates for at least 6 weeks due to reye syndrome
26
CI to varicella vaccine?
``` primary or acquired immunocomprimise pregnancy moderate or sever ilnesses previous anaphylactoid rxn reaction to neomycin or gelatin ```
27
when should you give pneumococcal vaccine?
IM at 2,4,6 mo of age and 4th dose b/w 12-15 mo of age
28
when should you get meningococcal vaccine?
children age 2-10 year old who have and indication for vaccination recommended for all adolescents aged 11-18 years of age
29
when in Hep A vaccine suggested and what route?
patient 1-18 yo: 2 IM doses at least 6 mo apart
30
when should an ind get the influenza vaccine?
all children 6 and older given annually in the fall kids 6-8 may need 2 doses give 2 doses of 1rst influenza vaccinr give 2nd dose 28d following intial dose
31
what are the 2 types of flu vaccine?
``` Inactivated vaccine (TIV) administered IM Live attenuated, cold adapted influenza vaccine (LAIV)- administered intranasally *choice of vaccine de[ends upon age and risk factors ```
32
when should rotavirus be given?
live attenuated RV5,PRV, RotaTeq-3 doses at 2,4,6 mo RV1,HRV, rotarux- 2 doses at 2,4 mo
33
When is HPV recommended?
girls beginning at 11-12 (13-26) boys 11-12 (12-21) Gardasil: 3 doses at time 0, 2 and 6 mo Cervarx: 3 doses at time 0, 1 and 6 mo
34
How many criteria do no need to diagnose rheumatic fever?
2 major criteria OR | 1 major and 2 minor criteria
35
What are the major criteria?
``` migratory arthritis primarily involving large joints carditis SQ skin nodules sydenham chorea erythema marginatum ```
36
What are the minor criteria?
fever elevated acute phase reactants arthralgia abnormal EKG-prolonged PR interval