Pediatrics: Child Psychiatry Flashcards
(26 cards)
What disorders are associated with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Fragile X Syndrome
Down’s Syndrome
Rett’s Syndrome
What are the treatment options for Autism Spectrum Disorder
Early Behavioral Intervention
2 FDA-approved medications for symptoms
What Medications are FDA approved for symptoms in Autism Spectrum Disorder
Risperidone
Aripiprazole
What are the diagnostic Criteria for ADHD
> 1 setting
> 6 months
Presents <12 years of age
What are the treatment options for ADHD
Behavioral intervention
Behavioral therapy
Stimulants
Atomoxetine
Alpah-2 agonists
What is the best treatment for ADHD
Therapy + Medication
What Neurotransmitter levels are associated with ADHD
Decreased Dopamine
What are common Stimulants used in ADHD
Methylphenidate (Ritalin)
Amphetamine (Adderall)
Dexmethylphenidate (Focalin)
What are adverse effects of Stimulants used in ADHD
Loss of appetite
weight loss
Insomnia
Abuse potential
What is the Mechanism of Stimulants in treating ADHD
Increase CNS Dopamine and NE activity
-increases CNS levels in synapses
What is the mechanism of Atomoxetine for ADHD
Non-stimulant: Selective NE re-uptake Inhibitor
What Alpha-2 agonists are commonly used to treat ADHD
Clonidine
Guanfacine
What is the Mechanism of Alpha-2 Agonists in ADHD
Decrease NE release to provide sedating and calming effect
What is the Hallmark of Tourette Syndrome
Recurrent Tics
-sudden, quick, repetitive movements of speech
What other disorders commonly co-occur with Tourette Syndrome
ADHD
OCD
What is the clinical Criteria to diagnose Tourette Syndrome
> 1 year
Onset before 18
multiple motor tics
1 or more phonic tics
tics many times/day
What are the treatment options for Tourette Syndrome
Behavioral Therapy
Antipsychotics
Tetrabenazine
What antipsychotics are used for Tourette Syndrome
Haloperidol
Pimozide
Aripiprazole
Fluphenazine
Risperidone
What are the adverse effects of antipsychotics used to treat Tourette Syndrome
Tardive Dyskinesia
What is the Mechanism of Tetrabenazine for treating Tourette Syndrome
Inhibits VMAT-2 to block uptake of Dopamine synaptic vesicles pre-synapse leading to less dopamine storage and release
How does Oppositional Defiant Disorder present
Angry irritable child
argues with authority figures
Defiant
Vindictive toward parents/teachers
What is the diagnostic criteria for Oppositional Defiant Disorder
occurs with at least 1 person who is not a sibling
causes problems at work, home, or school
Lasts >6 months
How to treat Oppositional Defiant Disorder
CBT
resolves in most children
How to treat Separation Anxiety Disorder
Psychotherapy
-coping skills
-CBT
-Parent child interaction
