Pedigrees

Question 1

Pedigree

Answer 1

A genetic family tree used to predict the genotype of the individual
- square for boy circle for girl, line between them means they are married
- shaded means the have the disease
- oldest child goes on the left
- if the disease is carries obn the sex chromosomes then it is sex linked, if its carried on the other chromosome it is autosomal
- if it skips a generation it is recessive

Question 2

Modes of inheritance

Answer 2

1. Autosomal Or sex linked
2. Dominant or recessive

Question 3

Antibiotic resistance

Answer 3

Mutations can result in antibiotic resistance in bacteria

Question 4

Transformation

Answer 4

• the process by which free DNA is incorporated into a bacterial cell
• can be DNA fragments or plasmids

Question 5

Plasmid

Answer 5

A self replicating circular piece of DNA that can be transferred between bacteria

Question 6

DNA fingerprinting

Answer 6

Used in crime scenes to identify biological remains

Question 7

Transgenics

Answer 7

• genes from 1 species are transferred and spliced into the DNA of another species
• results in genetically modified organism
• used to create improved results in food

Question 8

Gene therapy

Answer 8

• using genes to treat disease
• using an altered virus to deliver needed gene to individuals cells

Question 9

Recombinant DNA

Answer 9

DNA with genes from 2 or more organisms
Eg is a bacterial plasmid with human insulin gene
- used to treat cystic fibrosis and diabetes

Question 10

Cloning

Answer 10

Making identical genetic copies of an organisms