Terms

Question 1

Alleles

Answer 1

Alternate forms of a gene responsible for a trait ( P, p )

Question 2

Genes

Answer 2

Unit of instruction located on chromosomes that produce or influence a specific trait
- a trait can disappear in the first generation but reappear in 1/4 of the second generation

Question 3

Inherited traits

Answer 3

Traits are passed on to offspring via genes, eg, hair colour or blood type

Question 4

Acquired traits

Answer 4

Are created by the environment, not genes, eg scars

Question 5

Alleles

Answer 5

-An alternative form of a gene responsible for a trait, eg, toung rolling
- individuals have 2 alleles for every trait located on chromosomes
- when the chromosomes separate during meiosis, 1 allele is passed to each gamete

Question 6

Dominance theory

Answer 6

• 2 alleles: dominant and recessive
• dominant alleles are able to mask recessive, results in a dominant trait and only need one dominant allele to be expressed.
• recessive traits are coded only when an offspring receives 2 recessive alleles

Question 7

Homozygous

Answer 7

Two identical copies of an allele. Eg, tt or TT
- homozygous dominant (TT)
- homozygous recessive (tt)

Question 8

Heterozygous

Answer 8

Two different copies of an allele. Eg, Tt

Question 9

Genotype

Answer 9

The genes that an individual has. Eg, TT, tt, Tt

Question 10

Phenotype

Answer 10

The observable traits that an organism has for a particular trait, eg, tall or short
- if an indicvisual has 1 or 2 dominant genes than the dominant trait is expressed

Question 11

TT or Tt is the person tall or short

Answer 11

Tall