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7/13/15 NBCOT Exam > Peds > Flashcards

Peds Flashcards

1
Q

OT treatment for kids w/congenital heart defects are

A
  • compromised endurance
  • paced activities
  • education of family in health maintenance (diet, exercise)
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2
Q

Chronic - Bronchopulmonary dysplasia

A

due to prolonged use of a mechanical ventilation-airways thicken, formation of excess mucus and restricted alveolar-greater risk of respiratory infections

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3
Q

Chronic - Asthma

A

airway constriction in the lower respiratory tract-appear around age 5

-inhalation of irritants trigger attacks

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4
Q

OT treatment of Asthma

A
  • Educate on exposure to irritants
  • self-management strategies like pacing/stress management-peer-group activities to reduce social isolation
  • breathing exercises, stretching, and controlled breathing to manage attacks
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5
Q

Chronic - Cystic Fibrosis (CF)

A
  • due to gene on chromosome 7
  • affects multiple systems (pancreatic duct, bronchial tree, digestive tract) due to thick secretions
  • chronic pulmonary disease can occur
  • May cause right side of the heart to be enlarged
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6
Q

OT Treatment - Cystic Fibrosis

A
  • Educate the client on the disease’s progression
  • Educate on energy conservation
  • Teach techniques to promote efficient breathing
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7
Q

Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI)

A

brittle bones

  • educate in handling and positioning to prevent fractures
  • wb monitoring activities
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8
Q

Marfan’s Syndrome

A

excessive growth at the ephipyseal plates

-walking may be delayed

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9
Q

Achondroplasia

A

stunting of ephiphyseal plate growth the person may be 4 ft or less

-back and leg pain are common

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10
Q

Arthrogryposis multiplex congenital

A

incomplete contracture of many or all of the client’s joints

  • have still extremities and thickened knee/elbow joints
  • muscles are underdeveloped

OT treatment
-increase/maintain ROM and strength for ADLs, splinting and serial casting

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11
Q

Congenital Clubfoot

A

Uni/bilateral forefoot adduction/supination

Treatment
-taping, casting, splinting

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12
Q

Congential club hand

A

partial or full absence of the radius

Treatment
-Cashing, static/dynamic splinting

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13
Q

Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis (JRA)

A

Persistent arthritis in one or more joints
-inflammation, stiffness, contractures, and change in growth patterns.

OT treatment

  • splinting, AROM/PROM,
  • monitor joint function to prevent deformity
  • energy conservation,
  • AE to lessen the stress of joints
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14
Q

Children seeking vestibular input may appear to be? (fail to orient to the stimuli/hyporesponsivity)

A

Reckless or risk takers; they may need a lot to get going.

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15
Q

Children seeking proprioceptive input may try to get their needs by? (Fail to orient to stimuli/hyporesponsivitiy)

A

Engaging in rough housing and other activities that provide them with deep-pressure input or muscle resistance. The kids may seek this type of input may be trying to regulate their experiences of touch or movement.

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16
Q

Tactile Defensiveness (overorient to stimuli/hyperresponsivity)

A

extreme reaction to tactile input, light touch may be noxious, may be extrasensitive on their face, abdomen, and palmar surfaces of their hands.

17
Q

Gravitational insecurity (overorient to the stimuli/hyperresponsivity)

A

vestibular input, scared of movement and may move carefully and need their feet always on the ground.

18
Q

What is sensory discrimination problems?

A
  • Difficulty making sense of, or interpreting, tactile input. Difficulty with visual-motor tasks and motor planning.
  • fine motor manipulation skills may be delayed.
19
Q

What is proprioception problems?

A

Not getting the information the kids need from their muscles and joints.

-Cognitive strategies can be used to help them compensate.

20
Q

What is vestibular-proprioceptive probems?

A

Poor bilateral coordination and difficulty sequencing actions. (a child responding to a ball being kicked to them)

21
Q

Duchenne’s Muscular Dystrophy (DMD)

A

-only boys get this!-difficulty going up/down stairs and getting up from lying down

OT Intervention

  • ADLs
  • Prevent deformity
  • Work on strength and ROM
  • AE
22
Q

Congential Muscular Dystrophy (CMD)

A

generalized muscle weakness and contractures (floppy)

OT Interventions

  • Increase mobility and prevent contractures
  • Use AE and orthotics
23
Q

Spina Bifida

A

Congential defect of the vertebral arches and spinal column.

OT Interventions

  • Bowel/bladder programs
  • Cognitive learning issues
  • Educate on skin care, urology and diet
  • AE for mobility
24
Q

Peripheral Nerve Injury

A

Caused during birth as a result of the infant’s shoulders becoming impacted and stretching/tearing in the birth canal.
-weakness of the small muscles of the hands and sensory discrimination in the hand/arm

OT Intervention

  • Fabricating a sling around the humerus to prevent subluxation
  • PROM/AROM
  • WB if strength improves
  • Tactile stimulation
  • Bilateral activities
  • Massage for edema
25
Q

Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) - Peds

A

Injury to the headOT Intervention (Acute)

  • Sensory stimulation
  • ROM to maintain joint mobility
  • Positioning can prevent skin breakdown
  • Splinting for hand function
26
Q

ADHD

A

A behavioral disorder w/unknown causes
-Difficulty with: paying attention to details, keeping attention, listening to instructions, organization, tasks w/sustained attention, fidgeting or excessive talking.

OT Intervention

  • Cognitive behavioral therapy
  • Behavior modification
  • Social skills training
  • Modifying environment
  • Enhance sensory modulation
27
Q

Tourette’s Syndrome

A

Involuntary purposeless movements, tics and incoherent grunts

28
Q

Down Syndrome

A

Intellectual disabilities

OT Intervention

  • Feeding
  • Environmental/task modification
  • Family coaching/training
29
Q

Cri du chat Syndrome

A

Weak and catlike cry in infancy

-hypotonia, feeding and respiratory problems

30
Q

Klinefelter’s Syndrome

A

Boys have an extra X chromosome

-learning disabilities, emotional/behavioral disabilities

31
Q

Prader-Willi Syndrome

A

Moderate intellectual disabilities, food-seeking behaviors, hypotonia

32
Q

Williams Syndrome

A

Cerebral and cardiovascular abnormalities, intellectual disabilities

33
Q

Individualized Education Program (IEP)

A

School-based Setting

-OT intervention and goals in the school system setting should relate to the child’s functional abilities to perform school-related tasks

34
Q

Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)

A

1990-Services to children w/disabilities throughout the nations.

7/13/15 NBCOT Exam (12 decks)

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