peds Flashcards
(91 cards)
1
Q
trisomy 21
A
down syndrom
2
Q
trisomy 21 symtoms
A
simin crest hearing loss atlanto occipital instability doudenal atresia hypo thyriosim leukemia
3
Q
trisomy 18
A
edwards
4
Q
trisomy 18 symtoms
A
iugr hands clinching severe menatal retardation rocker bottom feet omphalocele
5
Q
trisomy 13
A
patu
6
Q
trisomy 13
A
iugr
polydactyl
holoprosencephaly
midline cleft
7
Q
45 xo
A
turner syndrom
8
Q
turner syndrom
A
short stature overian dysgenisis lymphedema cubitus valgus coarctation of the aorta by age 3 bicuspid aortic valve mc renal
9
Q
klinefelter
A
47xxy
10
Q
klinefelter
A
male tall stature thin long limbed delayed secondary development gynecomastia behavioral disorders no sperm do to damged sterile cells
11
Q
frágil x
A
repet cgg mc form of heritable mr males macroorchidism karyotype normal
12
Q
marfan syndrom
A
febrillin 1 gene (ad) joint hyperlaxity- arachnodactyly- long fingers kyphosis scoliosis ectopic lentis aortic and mitral regurg _can not exercise
13
Q
ehlers danlos syndrom
A
fibrillar collegen
jont hypermobility
skin hyperelesticity
fragil blood vessels
14
Q
collegen type 1
A
bone muscle
15
Q
collegen 2
A
cartilage
16
Q
collegen 3
A
bv organs
17
Q
collegen 4
A
basement membrane
18
Q
achondroplasia
A
proximal extremity shortening large head prominent for head and mandible lordosis protrusion of abdomen cord compression
19
Q
beckwith wiedeman syndrom
A
hemihypertrophy
larg for gestational age
hypoglycemia - primary hyper insulinemia due to beta cell hyperplaisa
adominal tumors
tx subtotal pancreatectomy
20
Q
prune belly syndrom
A
congenital absence of anterior abdominal wall muscle
urinary anomalies
cryptochidism
21
Q
prader willi
A
chromosome 15
22
Q
prader willi syndrome
A
obesity short stature hypotonia hypo gonadism mental retardation aggressive central medial nucleus
23
Q
sickle cell disease black male
A
hemoglobin s substitute valine for glutamic acid polymers sickle or crescent shaped hand foot syndrome vaso occlusive crisis howell jolly bodies infections with encapsulated organisms
24
Q
hemoglobin c disease
A
lysine for glutamic acid
rod shaped crystals in rbc
splenomegaly- spleen eats rbc crystals and eats them
25
what must be given at delivery
.5 erythromycin drops
| 1 mg vitamin prevent hemorrhagic disease
26
what test is used to determine need for resuscitation
apgar
27
1 minute score of apgar
evaluation after delivery
28
5 min score of apgar
used to see response to therapy
29
after evaluation if neonatal hr is
do ppv
30
if after evaluation neonate HR is
compression epinephrine fluides HCO3
31
brachial cleft cyst
lateral to midline
remnant of embryonic development
associated with infection .
surgical removal branchail cyst
32
throglossal duct cysts
midline mass
associated with infection
thyroid ecotopia
mgt surgical removal
33
respitory distress syndrom
```
decreased surfactant maturity
high surface tension
atelectasia
tachypnea, grunting flearing
cyanosis
fatigue
hypercarbia acidodsis
respitory failure
```
34
best initial test for rds
chest x ray
35
most accurate test for rds
L/S raito phospholipid
36
best treatment for rds preventative
steriod im 32 -36 wks
37
best initial rds treatment
o2
38
most effective treatment for rds
o2
39
aniridia
iris missing , associated with wilms tumor hemi hypertrophy
| chromosome 11
40
coloboma
defect in iris key** shaped iris , tubulor eslcearosis
| associated with ? huntington retion 13
41
mongolian spot
blue gray macule looks like buses fade in few years
| r/o child abuse.
42
hemingioma
```
red
sharply demarcated
raised lesion
appears in first 2 months of life
involuting by age 9
mgt: leave alone or treat with steroid or pulse later
```
43
port wine stain
permeant unilateral of face or neck
vascular malformation
sturge webers syndrom--GNAQ gene
mgt:pulsed lazer therpy
44
pre auricular tags- pits
hearling loss
genitourinary abnormailtys
mgt: hearing test
ultra sound of kidneys
45
omphalocele
failure of the go tract tartaric at 10 12 wrks
through umblicus with sac
mgt:screen for 13 18 and 21 trisomy and silo to contain it
46
Gastroschisis
abdominal defect lateral to the midline shift with out a sac
intestinal atresia
mgt. silo
47
umbilical hernia
weakness in rectos abdominal muscle
congenital hyperthyriodism
mgt:tsh screening
my close.
48
hydrocele
tunica vaginalis scrotal swelling inguinal hernia
| mgt :rule out inguinal hernia
49
hypospadia
mgt do not circumcise
50
epispadia
mgt evaluate for bladder exstrophy.
51
when can jaundice be seen ?
by day 2-3 .most are less then 13mg/dl
52
a baby with jaundice of 15mg/dl treat with
sun to convert uncongigated to conjugated bilirubin
53
baby with 25 mg / dl
exchange transfusion
54
work up for judice indirect hyoerbilirubinemia
rbc enzyme defect Geranylgeranyl diphosphate
rbc membrane defect -nephrocytosis
vasculitis
55
brest milk jaundice
2nd week of life
glucouronyl tranferase inhibitor
dx/ rx stop feeding for 24 if bilirubin is >15
56
what does glucouronyle transferase do
turns uncongigated to conjugated bilirubin
57
brest milk contains?
```
colostrum
iga
macrophages
fat
vit c
need to supliment vit d
les fe but better absorbed
```
58
formula contains
```
equal calories
fl
casein protien
vitd
vit c
```
59
fetal alcohol syndrom
```
crainal abnormailtys
cardiac defect
cns
mental retardation
hyperactivity
iugar-intra outran growth restriction
```
60
28 wks -2-3 months
palmar grasp
61
32 wks 1 month
rooting
62
30 wks 6m
moro
63
8m -life
parachute
64
6 month old gross motor skill
sit up roll over
65
6 m fine motor skill
reach and grab
66
6 m language skill
bables
67
12 m old gross motor skill
stand cruz play with ball
68
12 m what should his fine motor skill be
pintch grab
69
12 m what can he say
mom dad
70
2 yr old gross motor skill
run jump walk up stairs
71
2 yr old fine motor skill
arch circle tower 4-5 blocks
72
2 yrs language
50 words 2 words together
73
2 yrs can adaptive
can feed itself
74
5 yr old gross motor skill
hop on foot skip over hand throw
75
5 yr old fine motor skill
can draw shapes
76
5 yr old language
answer questions relate to events story
77
5 yr old adaptive
toilet trained self dress
78
how to diagnose epilepsy
2 unprovoked seziure within 24 hours
79
absence seizure
```
motor affected
flickering eye lids
rare less then 5 y/o
no poetical state
mg. 1 line ethosuxamide
2 valpuric acid
```
80
general sezuire mg
vp acids
81
partial seuzire
tonic clonic 10-20 sec
| mgt carbamazepine with vp acid
82
croup para influenza virues
hoarsness barking cough
inspirtatory strider
lateral neck films
subglottic narrowing
83
treat meant for croup
mild: humidification
moderate: racemic epinephrine
dexamethazone- I'm longer anti inflammatory
severe ; hospilation
84
epligotitis
inflammation of supraglottic larynx
due to hib vaccine
abroupt on set of fever drooling sniffing
do not disterb
85
epiglotitis management
humidified o2
intubate
iv antibiotics
86
bronchiolitis
```
lower airway
rsv mostly
rhinorrhea fever cough
first 6 m of life
expiatory wheezing
hx of prior illness
```
87
os good schlepper disease
painful lumps just below knee and most often seen in young adulencents
repeated stress from contraction of quadriceps is transmitted through patella tendon to immature tibial tuber city
treatment : RICE
88
bronchiolitis mangment
steriods
beta agonist
ribavirin - ihaled antibotic
palivizumab- prophylaxis im
89
asthma
chronic inflamitory disorder of airway
reversable bronchospasm
acute and chronic inflammation
90
ebv
```
mononucleosis 90 is ebv
shed for 6 m
fatigue pharyngitis
spleenomegaly
mgt
rest and symptomatic treatment
```
91
hiv
```
posistive transfer of newborn
elective c section
bottle feed
elsie western blot
if positive >18 active iv
treat azt.
```
