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Peds Airway Flashcards

1
Q

upper airway obstruction –> congenital cause? (1)

A

choanal atresia

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2
Q

upper airway obstruction –> neoplastic cause? (1)

A

rhabdomyosarcoma

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3
Q

upper airway obstruction –> infectious cause? (1)

A

peritonsillar abscess

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4
Q

choanal atresia –> can be what tissue type? (3)

A
  • osseous
  • membranous
  • mixed
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5
Q

choanal atresia –> MC tissue type? 2nd MC?

A 
#1 mixed
#2 osseous
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6
Q

choanal atresia –> MC assoc synd?

A

CHARGE synd

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7
Q

CHARGE synd –> synd?

A
  • coloboma
  • heart defect
  • atresia choanae
  • retard of developmt
  • GU anomaly
  • ear anomaly
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8
Q

Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma –> epidemiology?

A

adolescent M

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9
Q

Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma –> what is it?

A

benign hamartomatous lesion –> highly vascular

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10
Q

large invasive nasopharyngeal soft tissue mass –> ddx? (2) how to differentiate?

A
  • juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma –> bony remodeling

- rhabdomyosarcoma –> bony destruction

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11
Q

epiglottitis –> classic XR findings? (2)

A
  • thickened epiglottis (thumbprint sign)

- thickened aryepiglottic folds

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12
Q

croup –> purpose of imaging? why?

A

clinical dx –> eval for other causes of stridor

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13
Q

aspirated FB is radiolucent –> XR finding of aspirated FB? (1)

A

air trapping –> persistent expansion on expiration

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14
Q

what is retropharyngeal pseudothickening?

A

pre-vertebral soft tissues appear thickened:

  • neck flexion
  • not true lat film
  • expiration
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15
Q

neck soft tissue XR –> prevertebral soft tissue thickening –> ddx? (3)

A
  • retropharyngeal cellulitis/abscess
  • lymphoma
  • duplication cyst
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16
Q

10yo –> steeple sign –> dx?

A

exudative tracheitis (membranous croup)

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17
Q

exudative tracheitis (membranous croup) –> imaging –> steeple sign –> other imaging findings? (2)

A
  • linear filling defect in trachea

- plaque-like irreg of trachea wall

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18
Q

MC pediatric subglottic tracheal mass

A

subglottic hemangioma

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19
Q

laryngeal papillomatosis –> possible complication?

A

seed the lungs –> mult cavitary nodules

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20
Q

what is tracheobronchomalacia?

A

weak tracheobronchial cartilage –> excessive collapse w expiration

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21
Q

tracheobronchomalacia –> congenital or acquired?

A

either

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22
Q

what are some causes of acquired tracheobronchomalacia? (3)

A
  • intubation
  • infection
  • chronic inflamm
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23
Q

tracheobronchomalacia –> imaging finding?

A

> 50% reduction of airway lumen

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24
Q

stridor –> what is a vascular ring?

A

aortic arch or great vessels –> completely encircle trachea & esophagus

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25
stridor --> what is a vascular sling?
L pulm A --> arise from R pulm A --> trap trachea in a sling
26
stridor --> CXR --> what finding gives clue to possible vascular etiology?
R sided aortic arch
27
stridor --> vascular cause --> typical initial imaging?
esophagram
28
stridor --> normal L-sided aortic arch --> what is the only potential vascular cause for the stridor?
pulmonary A sling
29
stridor --> vascular etiology? (3)
- double aortic arch - R aortic arch --> aberrant subclavian A - pulmonary sling
30
MC vascular ring?
double aortic arch
31
what is Kommerell diverticulum?
bulbous configuration of the origin of an aberrant left subclavian artery in the setting of a right-sided aortic arch
32
pulmonary sling --> assoc w what kind of tracheal anomaly? (2)
- tracheomalacia | - bronchus suis
33
what is bronchus suis?
RUL bronchus originating from trachea
34
normal aortic arch --> aberrant R subclavian A --> possible complication?
dysphagia lusoria
35
resp distress while feeding --> dx?
choanal atresia
36
prenasal space --> dural membrane --> not regress --> dx?
prenasal space --> congenital dermal sinus
37
prenasal space --> congenital dermal sinus --> potential complication? (2)
- epi/dermoid cyst --> anywhere along tract | - encephalocele
38
prenasal space --> congenital dermal sinus --> midline or sagittal? change in size w Valsalva?
- midline | - not change size
39
prenasal space --> congenital dermal sinus --> location of communication to intracranial space?
foramen cecum
40
what is nasal glioma?
brain in nose
41
nasal glioma --> imaging appearance?
- infant --> nose --> soft tissue mass | - not enhance
42
nasal glioma --> change in size w Valsalva?
no
43
prenasal space --> congenital dermal sinus --> encephalocele --> assoc?
midline anomalies: - facial cleft - callosal anomaly - interhemispheric lipoma
44
differentiate: prenasal space congenital dermal sinus encephalocele vs dacryocystocele --> what happens to NG tube?
encephalocele: displaced lat dacyrocystocele: displace med
45
prenasal space --> congenital dermal sinus --> encephalocele --> change in size w Valsalva?
yes
46
neonate --> nasal obstruct --> 2 MCC?
``` #1 choanal atresia #2 dacryocystocele ```
47
dacryocystocele --> MOA?
nasolacrimal duct --> congenital obstruct --> cyst form
48
dacryocystocele --> potential complication?
infx --> dacryocystitis
49
croup --> org?
parainfluenza virus
50
croup --> age?
6mo-3yo (avg 1yo)
51
what is omega epiglottis?
oblique xray --> epiglottis look enlrg
52
differentiate: epiglottitis vs omega epiglottis? (1)
epiglottitis --> thickened aryepiglottic folds omega epiglottis --> normal aryepiglottic folds
53
epiglottitis --> age?
- 3.5yo | - teens
54
exudative tracheitis (bacterial tracheitis) --> org?
Staph aureus
55
exudative tracheitis (bacterial tracheitis) --> age?
6-10yo
56
imaging to differentiate true prevertebral soft tissue thickening vs retropharyngeal pseudothickening?
repeat XR --> extend neck
57
subglottic hemangioma --> favor R or L?
L
58
subglottic hemangioma --> assoc? (2)
- cutaneous hemangioma | - PHACES synd
59
PHACES synd --> synd?
- post fossa --> Dandy Walker - hemangioma - arterial anomaly - coarct of aorta, cardiac defect - eye abn - subglottic hemangioma/sternal cleft/supraumbilical raphe
60
what is laryngeal cleft
defect --> comm bw --> larynx & esophagus
61
laryngeal cleft --> assoc? (1)
other complex GI malform
62
esophagram --> laryngeal cleft --> next step?
endoscopy --> confirm
63
lungs --> mult areas of air trapping --> dx?
papillomatosis
64
airway --> lobulated grape-like lesion --> dx?
papillomatosis
65
suspect epiglottitis --> XR --> in rad dept or portable?
portable

CORE (33 decks)

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