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PCE > Peds By Ptdi > Flashcards

Peds By Ptdi Flashcards

1
Q

Goal of pediatric PT according to the IC model

A

Optimize participation

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2
Q

APGAR

A

A test to quickly evaluate and summarize a newborn’s health, physical condition, and the need for immediate medical care

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3
Q

Typical age of acquisition for kicking a ball

A

3 years

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4
Q

Appropriate age range to use BOT-2

Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency

A

4-21 years

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5
Q

Gestational age considered preterm

A

< 37 weeks

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6
Q

GMFCS level II (for children 6 - 12 years old)

A

Walks without devices; limitations in walking outdoors and in the community

•LEVEL I - Walks without limitations

• LEVEL II - Walks with limitations

• LEVEL III - Walks using a hand-held mobility device (crutches, cane, walker)

• LEVEL IV - Self-mobility with limitations; may use powered mobility

LEVEL V - transported in a manual wheelchair

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7
Q

Floppy infant syndrome

A

Global hypotonia and decreased antigravity strength!

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8
Q

Athetosis

A

Movement disorder characterized by slow, continuous, involuntary writhing movements

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9
Q

Pattern of distribution of muscle wasting and weakness in
Duschenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD)

A

Proximal to distal and lower limbs functionally worsen before upper limbs

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10
Q

Typical age of acquisition for sitting

A

6 months

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11
Q

The 5 factors used to evaluate a new born’s condition in the
APGAR scoring system

A

Activity (muscle tone), Pulse (heart rate), Grimace (reflex irritability), Appearance (skin color), Respiration (breathing rate and effort)

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12
Q

Gower’s maneuver

A

A maneuver used to get up to standing by using the hands and arms to progressively walk” up the shins, knees and thighs to assume a standing positions. Classically seen in children with DMD due to weakness in the pelvic girdle and quadriceps muscles.

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13
Q

Down Syndrome

A

Genetic disorder caused by faulty cell division resulting in an extra 21st chromosome

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14
Q

Typical age of acquisition for rolling

A

3-6 months

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15
Q

Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM)

A

An observational instrument to measure change in gross motor function of children with CP

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16
Q

Purpose of the AIMS- Alberta infant motor scale

A

Screen infants for motor delays and identify those that require early intervention

The Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS) is a standardised observational examination tool used to assess the maturation of gross motor skills of infants from term (i.e. 40 weeks gestation) to 18 months post-term.

The AIMS was developed as a reference guide for the development of infants based on the age related norms of 2200 infants in Alberta, Canada

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17
Q

Asymmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex (ATNR) stimulus and response

A

When the face is turned to one side (stimulus), the arm and leg on that side extend, and the arm and leg on the opposite side flex.

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18
Q

Causes of obesity in children with DMD

A

Dietary intake > energy expenditure (especially when wheelchair bound), Steroid therapy

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19
Q

Typical age of acquisition for standing

A

9 months

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20
Q

GMFCS level IV (for children 6 - 12 years old)

A

Self mobility with limitations; children are transported or use power mobility outdoors and in the community

•LEVEL I - Walks without limitations

• LEVEL II - Walks with limitations

• LEVEL III - Walks using a hand-held mobility device (crutches, cane, walker)

• LEVEL IV - Self-mobility with limitations; may use powered mobility

LEVEL V - transported in a manual wheelchair

21
Q

Posture assumed by a child with global hypotonia upon ventral suspension

A

Rag-doll posture

22
Q

Appropriate age range to use BSID

Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development

A

1-42 months

The BSID-III assesses development (at ages 1 to 42 months) across five domains: cognitive, language, motor, social-emotional, and adaptive.

23
Q

Medical interventions to treat spasticity

A

Botox injections, Baclofen, Selective dorsal rhizotomy

24
Q

Typical age of acquisition for stair climbing (step-to pattern)

A

18-20 months (step-to pattern is acquired a few months before a step-over-step pattern)

Um ano e meio ou um ano e oito meses

25
Q

Pseudohypertrophy

A

Enlargement of an organ or tissue, not as a result of muscular enlargement, but adipose (fat) and connective tissue

26
Q

Frog leg position

A

Legs fully abducted and externally rotated, and the arms lie flaccid beside the head

27
Q

Most common cause of mortality in patient’s with DMD

A

Pulmonary complications

28
Q

Appropriate age range to use PDMS-2

The Peabody Developmental Motor Scale

A

0-60 months (5 years)|

The PDMS-2 assesses various motor functions including reflexes, stationary, locomotion, object manipulation, grasping, and visual–motor integration

29
Q

Cause of “toe walking” in children with DMD

A

Tight heel cord and plantarflexors, and weak dorsiflexors

30
Q

Condition which may present with ligamentous laxity and global hypotonia

A

Down Syndrome

31
Q

Abnormal gait pattern typically seen in children with DMD

A

Waddling gait and toe walking

32
Q

GMCS level III (for children 6 - 12 years old)

A

Walks with mobility devices; limitations in walking outdoors and in the community

• LEVEL I - Walks without limitations

• LEVEL II - Walks with limitations

• LEVEL III - Walks using a hand-held mobility device (crutches, cane, walker)

• LEVEL IV - Self-mobility with limitations; may use powered mobility

LEVEL V - transported in a manual wheelchair

33
Q

Appropriate age range to use AIMS

A

0-18 months

34
Q

Shaken baby syndrome

A

A traumatic brain injury caused by forcefully and violently shaking a baby. It is also a postnatal traumatic cause of CP.

35
Q

Gait abnormalities typically seen in spastic diplegic CP

A

Scissoring gait, toe walking

36
Q

Interventions to treat or prevent worsening scoliosis in patients with DMD

A

Steroid therapy, Surgery (Bracing is ineffective in stopping the progression of scoliosis in patient’s with DMD)

37
Q

GMCS level V (for children 6 - 12 years old)

A

Self mobility is severely limited even with the use of supporting technology

38
Q

Typical age of acquisition for crawling

A

8 - 9 months

39
Q

Symmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex (STNR) stimulus and
response

A

Cervical spine flexion (stimulus) causes UE flexion and LE extension (response). Cervical spine extension (stimulus) causes UE extension and LE flexion (response).

40
Q

GMFCS level I (for children 6 - 12 years old)

A

Walks without restrictions; limitations in more advanced gross motor skills

41
Q

What does the APGAR scale evaluate?

A

APGAR scale- A is appearance, Pis pulse, G is grimace, A is activity, R is respiration.

42
Q

A therapist completes a developmental assessment on a three year old child. Which reflex is stimulated by a sudden change in the position of the head in relation to the trunk?

A. Moro
B. grasp
C. tonic labyrinthine
D. extensor thrust

A

A

The Moro reflex is a normal reflex for an infant when he or she is startled or feels like they are falling. The infant will have a startled look and the arms will fling out sideways with the palms up and the thumbs flexed.

43
Q

Which activity is the last to occur during normal development?

A. walking backwards
B. alterating feet when going up and down stairs
C.standing on one foot
D. starting to run

A

B

44
Q

A therapist completes a developmental assessment on an infant, Based on normal growth and development, which activity would you expect to occur first?

A. Rolling prone to supine
B. rolling supine to prone
С.prone on extended arms
D. all occur at the same time

A

A

45
Q

Which statement concerning the APGAR newbor assessment is not true?

A. the test is administered al 1 and 5 minutes after birth
B. the maximum score is 5
C. a score of less than 4 is indicative of respiratory distress
D. the score for each assessed item range from 0-2

A

B

Maximum score is 10

46
Q

A physical therapist would not expect a seven month old infant to have completed which of the following developmental milestones?

A. holds head erect when sitting

B. craws

C. sits unsupported

D. rolls from supine to prone

A

B

47
Q

Chelsea is a 10 year old girl with Cerebral Palsy. She has right sided weakness with all major muscles having grade 3+ strength. Chelsea also has a minor learning deficit, poor attention, and an impairment of the organization, planning and execution of physical activity. Because of these deficits, she does not have many friends as she can’t keep up with the games they play. Chelsea is able to walk indoors with an aid, uses a power chair outdoors or for long trips, and needs assistance to go up stairs.

  1. An impairment of the organization, planning and execution of physical activity is called:

a. Mental retardation
b. Psychomotor impairment
c. Dyspraxia
d. Dyskinesia

A

C

Psychomotor impairment - Incorrect
Involves a slowing-down of thought and a reduction of physical movements. This is commonly associated with depression.

• Dyspraxia - An impairment of the organization, planning and execution of physical activity is called dyspraxia.

• Dyskinesia -Is an impairment of voluntary movement.

48
Q

Chelsea is a 10 year old girl with Cerebral Palsy. She has right sided weakness with all major muscles having grade 3+ strength. Chelsea also has a minor learning deficit, poor attention, and an impairment of the organization, planning and execution of physical activity. Because of these deficits, she does not have many friends as she can’t keep up with the games they play. Chelsea is able to walk indoors with an aid, uses a power chair outdoors or for long trips, and needs assistance to go up stairs.

As her physiotherapist, you encourage her to join a Special Olympics program or an adapted sports league so that she can increase her physical activity and make friends with kids her age. Under the International Classification of Functioning (ICF) framework, which domain would playing a sport be classified as?

a. Body structure and function
b. Participation
c. Activity
d. Personal factors

A

B

• Body Structures are anatomical parts of the body such as organs, limbs and their components.

• Participation -Participation is involvement in a life situation and in this situation it would be playing on a sports team.

• Activity - Activity is the execution of a task or action by an individual.
• Activity, as it relates to sports, is the execution of a movement such as throwing a ball.

• Personal factors are comprised of features of the individual that are not part of a health condition or health states.
Factors include gender, race, age, fitness, lifestyle, habits and coping styles.

PCE (40 decks)

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